EFFECT OF ETHOXYLATE NUMBER AND ALKYL CHAIN LENGTH ON THE PATHWAY AND KINETICS OF LINEAR ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE BIODEGRADATION IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina R. Itrich ◽  
Thomas W. Federle
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Alcohol Ethoxylate ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Biodegradation of L-Valine Alkyl Ester Ibuprofenates by Bacterial Cultures

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3180
Author(s):  
Edyta Makuch ◽  
Paula Ossowicz-Rupniewska ◽  
Joanna Klebeko ◽  
Ewa Janus
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Water System ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Log P ◽  
Alkyl Esters ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
The World ◽  
Medicinal Substances

Nowadays, we consume very large amounts of medicinal substances. Medicines are used to cure, halt, or prevent disease, ease symptoms, or help in the diagnosis of illnesses. Some medications are used to treat pain. Ibuprofen is one of the most popular drugs in the world (it ranks third). This drug enters our water system through human pharmaceutical use. In this article, we describe and compare the biodegradation of ibuprofen and ibuprofen derivatives—salts of L-valine alkyl esters. Biodegradation studies of ibuprofen and its derivatives have been carried out with activated sludge. The structure modifications we received were aimed at increasing the biodegradation of the drug used. The influence of the alkyl chain length of the ester used in the biodegradation of the compound was also verified. The biodegradation results correlated with the lipophilic properties (log P).

Influence of the Ligand Alkyl Chain Length on the Solubility, Aqueous Speciation, and Kinetics of Substitution Reactions of Water-Soluble M3S4 (M = Mo, W) Clusters Bearing Hydroxyalkyl Diphosphines

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (15) ◽  
pp. 8713-8722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás F. Beltrán ◽  
Rosa Llusar ◽  
Maxim Sokolov ◽  
Manuel G. Basallote ◽  
M. Jesús Fernández-Trujillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Influence of newly synthesized imidazolium ionic liquids on activated sludge process

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Gendaszewska ◽  
Ewa Liwarska-Bizukojć ◽  
Cedric Maton ◽  
Christian V. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Imidazolium Ionic Liquids ◽  
Sludge Flocs

Abstract This study investigates the influence of four imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) present in wastewater on the activated sludge process. In addition, experiments with inactivated sludge to assess the capacity of this sorbent to remove ILs from the wastewater were conducted. It occurred that the presence of ionic liquids in wastewater reduces biomass growth and size of the sludge flocs. The strongest effect has been found for IL 6 (1-hexyl-2H-3-methyl-4,5-dimethylimidazolium iodide) with the longest alkyl chain length. Also, the degree of ILs removal increases with the alkyl chain length and decreases with the increase of initial concentration of ILs in wastewater. IL 6 reaches the highest degree of ILs removal from wastewater but inhibits the biomass growth and growth of sludge flocs in a greater extent than other tested compounds. Moreover, it was confirmed that newly synthesized ionic liquids can be adsorbed onto inactivated sludge. IL 6 could be adsorbed in a higher degree than other ionic liquids. This adsorption was described by Langmuir isotherm, whereas adsorption of other ionic liquids was described by Freundlich isotherm.

Alkyl Chain Length Effects on Copolymerization Kinetics of a Monoacrylate with Hexanediol Diacrylate

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Johnson ◽  
Jeffrey W. Stansbury ◽  
Christopher N. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Copolymerization Kinetics ◽  
Length Effects

Alkyl Chain Length Effect on Growth Kinetics of n-Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold Studied by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (Part 2, No. 12B) ◽  
pp. L1710-L1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Ishida ◽  
Naoki Nishida ◽  
Satoshi Tsuneda ◽  
Masahiko Hara ◽  
Hiroyuki Sasabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Length Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized with Phosphorus-Containing Heterocyclic Surfactants: Synthesis, Physico-Chemical Properties, and Biological Activity Determination

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1883
Author(s):  
Martin Pisárčik ◽  
Miloš Lukáč ◽  
Josef Jampílek ◽  
František Bilka ◽  
Andrea Bilková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Phosphorus Containing

Phosphorus-containing heterocyclic cationic surfactants alkyldimethylphenylphospholium bromides with the alkyl chain length 14 to 18 carbon atoms were used for the stabilization of silver nanodispersions. Zeta potential of silver nanodispersions ranges from +35 to +70 mV, which indicates the formation of stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Long-chain heptadecyl and octadecyl homologs of the surfactants series provided the most intensive stabilizing effect to AgNPs, resulting in high positive zeta potential values and smaller diameter of AgNPs in the range 50–60 nm. A comparison with non-heterocyclic alkyltrimethylphosphonium surfactants of the same alkyl chain length showed better stability and more positive zeta potential values for silver nanodispersions stabilized with heterocyclic phospholium surfactants. Investigations of biological activity of phospholium-capped AgNPs are represented by the studies of antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. While cytotoxicity results revealed an increased level of HepG2 cell growth inhibition as compared with the cytotoxicity level of silver-free surfactant solutions, no enhanced antimicrobial action of phospholium-capped AgNPs against microbial pathogens was observed. The comparison of cytotoxicity of AgNPs stabilized with various non-heterocyclic ammonium and phosphonium surfactants shows that AgNPs capped with heterocyclic alkyldimethylphenylphospholium and non-heterocyclic triphenyl-substituted phosphonium surfactants have the highest cytotoxicity among silver nanodispersions stabilized by the series of ammonium and phosphonium surfactants.

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