Cytotoxic Effects of (5) Medicinal Plants on Mitosis in Allium cepa Root Tips

Numerous vesicles were observed among the microtubules of the “preprophase” band in prophase cells from root tips of Allium cepa. The content of these vesicles looks similar to the matrix of adjacent cell walls, and these vesicles often appear to be involved in exocytosis. In addition, the cell walls perpendicular to the plane of (beneath) the preprophase band are often differentially thickened compared to the walls lying parallel to the plane of the band. Our interpretation of these observations is that the preprophase band may direct or channel vesicles containing precursors of the cell wall to localized regions of wall synthesis. The incorporation of constituents of the cell wall into a narrow region defined by the position of the preprophase band may be a mechanism that ensures unidirecitonal growth of meristematic cells.

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Cytogenetic activities of a triazine herbicide in root tips of Allium cepa and Vicia faba

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology ◽

10.1016/0165-1218(83)90165-9 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 117 (1-2) ◽

pp. 173-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

A. Badr

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Triazine Herbicide ◽

Root Tips

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Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects of Mexican Medicinal Plants

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100601234 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria del Rosario Jacobo-Salcedo ◽

Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro ◽

Luis A. Salazar-Olivo ◽

Candy Carranza-Alvarez ◽

Luis Ángel González-Espíndola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Human Cancer Cell ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Antimicrobial Effects ◽

Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Guazuma Ulmifolia

The antimicrobial effects of the Mexican medicinal plants Guazuma ulmifolia, Justicia spicigera, Opuntia joconostle, O. leucotricha, Parkinsonia aculeata, Phoradendron longifolium, P. serotinum, Psittacanthus calyculatus, Tecoma stans and Teucrium cubense were tested against several human multi-drug resistant pathogens, including three Gram (+) and five Gram (-) bacterial species and three fungal species using the disk-diffusion assay. The cytotoxicity of plant extracts on human cancer cell lines and human normal non-cancerous cells was also evaluated using the MTT assay. Phoradendron longifolium, Teucrium cubense, Opuntia joconostle, Tecoma stans and Guazuma ulmifolia showed potent antimicrobial effects against at least one multidrug-resistant microorganism (inhibition zone > 15 mm). Only Justicia spicigera and Phoradendron serotinum extracts exerted active cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer cells (IC50≤30 μg/mL). The results showed that Guazuma ulmifolia produced potent antimicrobial effects against Candida albicans and Acinetobacter lwoffii, whereas Justicia spicigera and Phoradendron serotinum exerted the highest toxic effects on MCF-7 and HeLa, respectively, which are human cancer cell lines. These three plant species may be important sources of antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents.

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Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. elegantissima on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.2002.025 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 211-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agnieszka Majewska ◽

Mirosława Furmanowa ◽

Kazimierz Głowniak ◽

Joanna Guzewska ◽

Alicja Zobel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Chromatin Condensation ◽

Preprophase Band ◽

Taxus Baccata ◽

Cell Nuclei ◽

Root Tips ◽

Meristematic Cells ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Interphase Cells ◽

Average Size

We investigated the influence of extract from Taxus baccata var. Elegantissima (TbE) shoots in 1:8 dilution, containing paclitaxel in concentration of 81,6 µg/g fresh mass on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. root tips. Incubation time 3, 6, 12 and 24 h was followed with postincubation in water for 12 and 24 h. During shorter incubation (till 12 h) the surface of the cell nuclei decreased and chromatin became condensed (in comparison to control) but after 24 h the average surface increased and chromatin condensation decreased. In the course of incubation the average size of plastids and vacuoles increased. Moreover, after treatment mitochondria and plastids showed degradation of ultrastructure, which was reversed after 12 h of postincubation. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrated that in the course of incubation in the ThE extract, the tubulin cytoskeleton became partially disorganised. In most interphase cells, cortical microtubules (MTs) lost their oval transverse orientation. The preprophase band (PPB) position in the cell was often asymmetrical. The MTs array of the karyokinetic spindle and phragmoplast was also disturbed. These alterations were completely reversed during postincubation.

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Evaluation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Glyphosate on Allium cepa

Technium BioChemMed ◽

10.47577/biochemmed.v2i1.3332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 131-140

Author(s):

Yousif M. Fattah ◽

Ali H. Omer

Keyword(s):

Mitotic Index ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Chromosomal Aberrations ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Ring Chromosome ◽

Living Organism ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

As Toxicity

Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used mostly in crops. This study looked at the genotoxic and Glyphosate has a cytotoxic effect on Allium cepa. As toxicity markers, the Mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, formations of Micronucleus, germination percentage, root duration, and seed weight were used. Allium cepa seeds were afflicted with distinct concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ml/l) of Glyphosate for 24 h treatment periods. The results reveal that pesticide Glyphosateis capable to reduce root growth and causes chromosomal aberrations;consisting of an anaphase bridge, ring chromosome, binucleated cells, multipolarity, Fragment chromosome, vagrant chromosome, chromatid gaps, star anaphase. With increasing Glyphosate concentration, the mitotic index decreased rapidly. In conclusion, our findings indicate that used pesticidemay be toxic to living organism.

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Toxicity of CuO Nanoparticles to Structure and Metabolic Activity of Allium cepa Root Tips

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00128-016-1934-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 97 (5) ◽

pp. 702-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Fei Deng ◽

Shuling Wang ◽

Hua Xin

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Metabolic Activity ◽

Cuo Nanoparticles ◽

Root Tips

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Evaluation of textile laundry effluents and their cytotoxic effects on Allium cepa

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-018-2813-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (28) ◽

pp. 27890-27898 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jaqueline de Santana da Silva ◽

Michele Cristina Heck ◽

Matheus Gimenez Buzo ◽

Igor Vivian Almeida ◽

Veronica Elisa Pimenta Vicentini

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Cytotoxic Effects

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In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Mitotic Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Ethanolic Extract of Chromolaena odorata, Caesalpinia coriaria (Bark and Leaves) using Allium cepa Roots

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00711 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4107-4110

Author(s):

Nishita Gogia ◽

Anandhi D ◽

Kanaga G ◽

Revathi K

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Mitotic Activity ◽

Mitotic Index ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Root Tips ◽

Antimitotic Activity ◽

Biological Potential ◽

Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

The scope of the present study was to evaluate the In-vitro biological potential of Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Chromolaena odorata, Caesalpinia coriaria (Bark) and Caesalpinia coriaria (Leaf). We investigated the effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Chromolaena odorata, Caesalpinia coriaria (Bark) and Caesalpinia coriaria (Leaf) by studying anti-mitotic activity An attempt has been made to evaluate the anti-mitotic activity of silver nanoparticles using Allium cepa roots. The mitotic index of the root tips meristem was calculated and compared with the standard methotrexate. Antimitotic activity results shows the mitotic index was ranged from 30-40%. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Chromolaena odorato, Caesalpinia coriaria (Bark) and Caesalpinia coriaria (Leaf) possess significant anti-mitotic activity.

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