Preparing Culturally Diverse Special Education Faculty: Challenges And Solutions

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Patricia Peterson ◽  
Stephen Showalter

This paper describes why more bilingual culturally responsive special education faculty are needed to meet the needs of the increasing number of culturally and linguistically diverse students with disabilities in the United States.  In addition, the paper presents the successes and challenges in the journey to prepare university faculty leaders in bilingual multicultural special education.  The NAU Faculty for Inclusive Rural-multicultural Special Educators (FIRST) program is a bilingual/multicultural special education program which prepares doctoral students from Latino and Indigenous backgrounds to become highly qualified university faculty in the areas of teaching, research, technology, and cultural/linguistic diversity. 

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Peterson ◽  
Stephen Showalter

This paper describes why special education teachers are needed to meet the needs of the increasing number of culturally and linguistically diverse students with disabilities in the United States.  The paper presents innovative approaches to recruiting and training culturally responsive special education teachers.


10.28945/3900 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Michelle C Lizotte ◽  
Stacy C. Simplican

Aim/Purpose: Doctoral students with disabilities represent 5 to 10 percent of the graduate student population and, yet, research seldom documents their experiences. We propose a research agenda and methodological approaches that circumvent these limitations, including a substantive focus on universal design to measure graduate program’s awareness of disability, experimental methods to minimize response bias, and ways to redefine disability to improve recruitment of potential research subjects. Background: Research suggests that doctoral students with disabilities face different challenges than undergraduate students with disabilities and that graduate advisers are pivotal to their success. Existing literature has several limitations, including small sample sizes, a reliance on survey and interview data, little attention to issues of diversity within doctoral students with disabilities, and difficulty defining disability. Methodology: This article utilizes a systemic literature review (SLR) in order to describe the current state of both the research and the practice of doctoral students with disabilities. Contribution: This paper defines major gaps in the existing literature and addresses potential ways to address these gaps through research and practice. Findings: There are barriers for doctoral students with disabilities at every level of the process, which is not being addressed or remediated resulting in greater disadvantages and decreased successful outcomes. Recommendations for Practitioners: In this context, practitioners will refer to professionals employed at university disability centers and university faculty. Recommendations include disability awareness and resource training for university faculty and staff. Faculty can maintain open lines of communication with their students and advisees related to disability and accommodations as well as increasing program flexibility. Recommendation for Researchers: Research is critically needed regarding the experiences, needs, and outcomes of doctoral students with disabilities. This research needs to come from both the individuals, faculty, and systemic level of higher education. Impact on Society: Individuals with disabilities are the largest minority group in the United States. However, this population rarely receives the research, funding, services, and social attention paid to other marginalized groups. Future Research: Future research needs to utilize larger scale quantitative studies to obtain reliable data. Longitudinal information would greatly improve the information regarding outcomes for doctoral students with disabilities.


Author(s):  
April Camping ◽  
Steve Graham

Writing is especially challenging for students with disabilities, as 19 out of every 20 of these students experience difficulty learning to write. In order to maximize writing growth, effective instructional practices need to be applied in the general education classroom where many students with special needs are educated. This should minimize special education referrals and maximize the progress of these students as writers. Evidence-based writing practices for the general education classroom include ensuring that students write frequently for varying purposes; creating a pleasant and motivating writing environment; supporting students as they compose; teaching critical skills, processes, and knowledge; and using 21st-century writing tools. It is also important to be sure that practices specifically effective for enhancing the writing growth of students with special needs are applied in both general and special education settings (where some students with disabilities may receive part or all of their writing instruction). This includes methods for preventing writing disabilities, tailoring instruction to meet individual student needs, addressing roadblocks that can impede writing growth, and using specialized writing technology that allows these students to circumvent one or more of their writing challenges.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney G. Schexnider

The percentage of students identified as eligible to receive special education services in the United States has grown from 8.3% in the 1976-77 school year to 14% during the 2018-19 school year (Hussar et al., 2020). Given this level of growth and the myriad of levels of support principals provide for students with disabilities, one would assume that principal preparation programs have adjusted their curriculum to ensure future school administrators are prepared to support every student, including those with disabilities. The purpose of this research study is to better understand how current school administrators learned special education-related information for their role, what they believe are the most important aspects of special education, and to identify how background, experience, and self-efficacy play a role in principals’ skills related to their role as their building’s special education leader. A web-based survey was used to gather information from current school administrators working in Idaho’s P-12 school districts. Results of this study show that the majority of Idaho’s school administrators are learning special education-related knowledge and skills on the job and through professional development, rather than as part of their principal preparation programs. Recommendations are made to enhance the learning opportunities in both principal preparation programs as well as in-service professional development to develop strong, supportive, school-based special education leaders.


2013 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lin Russell ◽  
Laura E. Bray

Federal special education and accountability policies requires that educators individualize instruction for students with disabilities, while simultaneously ensuring that the vast majority of these students meet age-based grade-level standards and assessment targets. In this paper, we examine this dynamic interplay between policies through analysis of policy documents and interviews that reveal how a sample of educators grapple with their simultaneous implementation. We found that educators made sense of some facets of the policies as complementary and others as contradictory. NCLB and IDEA offered consistent and specific guidelines defining “highly qualified” teachers and educators reported a clear and accurate understanding of these policy demands. On an issue where there was no specific guidance from NCLB–the placement of special education students–educators interpreted the law as promoting the inclusion of more students in general education courses, often to an extent that contradicted the guidance offered by IDEA. With respect to fundamental issues of teaching and learning, NCLB and IDEA represent contradictory theories of action and educators perceived conflict and expressed concerns about unintended consequences for students. Based on our empirical findings, we conclude with a set of theoretical propositions regarding how the alignment of policy messages influences educators’ interpretation of policies, which in turn may have implications for how they enact policies.  


2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Rude ◽  
Lewis Jackson ◽  
Silvia Correa ◽  
John Luckner ◽  
Sheryl Muir ◽  
...  

We examined the current perspectives of service providers, administrators, and parents who are linked to the provision of special education and related services to learners with low-incidence disabilities in the United States. The purposes of the investigation were to gain information from the various respondents concerning the adequacy and availability of appropriate educational services for students with low-incidence disabilities and provide information regarding the need for additional services and supports. A detailed survey instrument that included a variety of open-ended response items was developed and mailed to the membership of two professional organizations with strong connections to rural special education. Responses indicated that the biggest areas of need were for highly qualified personnel with the necessary skills and knowledge to meet the needs of learners with low-incidence disabilities and for timely information that would support the education of these learners. Implications for how these concerns can be addressed are provided within the framework of four major functions including: information provision, teacher preparation, local school support, and research.


2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary T. Brownell ◽  
Anne M. Bishop ◽  
Paul T. Sindelar

Teacher shortages in special education have been a source of longstanding concern for professionals and parents involved in the education of students with disabilities. Because of their geographic location, culture, and lack of resources, rural administrators have always struggled to staff their schools with qualified special education teachers. No Child Left Behind and its definition of highly qualified teacher present new challenges to rural district administrators attempting to secure adequate numbers of special education teachers. In this paper, we outline the challenges rural administrators face in reducing special education teacher shortages, present strategies being used nationally and regionally to reduce strategies, and critique those strategies. We conclude our paper by advocating for a more comprehensive approach to solving teacher supply and demand problems, one that is driven by personnel data.


SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402094884
Author(s):  
Ghaleb Alnahdi ◽  
Dimitris Anastasiou

We explore how the research standards for hiring faculty in Saudi Arabia are compatible with effective practices in the field. Specifically, we examine the outcomes of recruiting practices for special education faculty in the United States, in addition to the worldwide production of special education research. A descriptive analysis was conducted, examining the educational backgrounds of 124 faculty members in top special education programs in the United States and 140 highly cited researchers in special education worldwide. Fewer than 10% of the faculty members and researchers hold special education degrees at all three levels of education (bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees). Recruitment practices in the United States and worldwide generally seem to differ from those used by Saudi universities. Implications for Saudi special education departments/programs are discussed.


2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Jean B. Crockett

The public education of students with disabilities in the United States is governed by federal policies that promote school improvement, protect students from discrimination, and provide those who need it with special education and related services to meet their individual needs. This article explains the legal aspects of teaching students with disabilities in the context of music education. Topics address promoting student achievement through the Every Student Succeeds Act, protecting individual access to the music curriculum under Section 504 and the Americans with Disabilities Act, and providing music instruction to special education students under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Guidelines are provided for making music instruction for students with disabilities both legally correct and educationally meaningful.


2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Stephen A Rosenbaum

In this essay, disability practitioner and scholar Stephen Rosenbaum proposes a radical change in the United States administrative adversarial adjudicatory process for resolution of “special” education disputes between educators and students with disabilities, looking for inspiration in part to Canada and the Commonwealth’s use of an inquisitorial approach. Typically, the dispute is over whether the students—termed “les enfants en difficulté” in French-speaking Canada—are receiving an appropriate array of instructional interventions and services. Adversarial adjudication has had many critics over the years. Asking a judge to weigh the parent (or student’s) preferred options under the U.S. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA] against those of the school administration may not be the optimal method for designating a pupil’s educational program—nor a good use of time and money.  The author’s blueprint calls for replacing the IDEA due process hearing with another model in instances where the family and school authorities disagree about the components of a student’s instructional program. Under current law, the hearing is typically conducted by an administrative jurist in which the parties present evidence, expert testimony and argument, if they have been unable to resolve their disagreement at a school-based team meeting, mediation or some other informal conference. In the proposal presented here, disagreements would instead be reviewed by a “special master” whose expertise is in education or disability rather than law. Through a process of problem-solving or “active adjudication,” the master (or “independent educational reviewer”) would attempt to quickly resolve the dispute over appropriate placement, instructional strategies and/or services. The master could hold a conference, conduct a hearing or brief investigation, receive more documents, consult with experts or correspond in some other mode with the parties. The master’s determination would be subject to judicial review in limited circumstances. Dans le présent essai, Stephen Rosenbaum, avocat et universitaire spécialisé en matière d’éducation et de la situation de handicap, s’inspire en partie de l’approche inquisitoire suivie au Canada et au Commonwealth pour proposer une modification radicale du processus contradictoire qu’utilisent les instances administratives américaines pour résoudre les différends opposant les éducateurs et les élèves avec les incapacités intellectuelles ou psycho-sociales. Habituellement, le différend porte sur la question de savoir si les élèves, appelés « les enfants en difficulté » dans le Canada francophone, reçoivent un éventail approprié de services d’aide et d’intervention en matière d’éducation. Le processus contradictoire a été décrié à maintes reprises au fil des années. Demander au juge de soupeser les options que privilégient les parents (ou les élèves) en application de la loi des États-Unis intitulée Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA] par rapport à celles de l’administration scolaire n’est peut-être pas la meilleure façon de procéder pour élaborer le programme d’éducation d’un élève, et ne représente pas non plus une bonne utilisation des ressources.L’auteur propose de remplacer l’audience équitable prévue par l’IDEA par un autre processus dans les cas où la famille et les autorités scolaires ne s’entendent pas sur le contenu du programme d’éducation d’un élève. Selon la loi actuellement en vigueur, l’audience est habituellement conduite par un juriste administratif devant lequel les parties présentent des éléments de preuve, des témoignages d’expert et des arguments, si elles ont été incapables de régler leur différend lors d’une rencontre, d’une séance de médiation ou d’une autre conférence informelle avec une équipe pluridisciplinaire de l’école. Dans le modèle proposé ici, les désaccords seraient plutôt examinés par un « special master » (conseiller spécial) qui serait spécialisé en matière d’éducation ou de la situation de handicap plutôt qu’en droit. Dans le cadre d’un processus axé sur la résolution de problèmes ou sur l’« arbitrage actif », le conseiller (ou l’« examinateur pédagogique indépendant ») s’efforcerait de régler rapidement le différend au sujet du placement ou des services ou stratégies pédagogiques qui conviennent. Le conseiller pourrait tenir une conférence, conduire une audience ou une brève enquête, recevoir d’autres documents, consulter des experts ou correspondre d’une autre manière avec les parties. La décision du conseiller serait susceptible de contrôle judiciaire dans des circonstances restreintes.


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