scholarly journals Dam Policy: The Need For Global Governance

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Longo ◽  
Richard Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Physical Construction

Dams have long fascinated engineers, policymakers, and citizens-at-large. No doubt the engineering and architectural details of physical construction of dams are worth study and scrutiny, but it is the human dimension that complicates dam policies. Dams can result in tremendous negative impacts on human populations. Yet, dams provide a source of renewable energy, hydroelectric power. Analyzing these issues in a global perspective offers strategies for policy makers to consider. This paper will analyze the negative impact dams have on humans, illustrate the hydroelectric push for dams and how they impact food production. Finally, global policy strategies will be offered with consideration of environmental accounting and an indication of the future of water and food.

Support for Cannabis Tourism: A Tale of Two States

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-250
Author(s):  
Soo Kang ◽  
Pavlina McGrady
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Resident Perceptions ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Support Level ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Industry Professionals

The cannabis tourism market has seen tremendous growth in recent years. However, research activities by academic scholars and industry professionals have barely scratched the surface to explore this emerging tourism segment. This study addresses the gap by comparing resident perceptions on cannabis tourism in two states, Colorado and Oregon. A quantitative survey was distributed to Colorado (n = 254) and Oregon (n = 165) residents. Results of the study revealed that the respondents in each state appear to have different views on perceived impact from, benefit of, and support level for cannabis tourism. Overall, Colorado residents' attachment was higher than Oregon respondents. Additionally, Colorado residents showed that if they had a higher place identity, they were less likely to perceive negative impacts. In a similar context, the study results also confirmed that there was a stronger causal relationship between respondents' perceived impact and support for cannabis tourism among Colorado respondents than Oregon respondents, indicating that Colorado residents' support for cannabis tourism was more significantly influenced by their perceived positive and negative impact levels than Oregon respondent. Considering the continued evolvement in the legal and economic landscapes of cannabis tourism, policy makers and industry professionals should engage in continual conversations on how to plan and manage this new tourism segment for community and state development.

GEOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CHEBOKSARY RESERVOIR COAST

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Sitina ◽  
Natalya Sitina ◽  
Tatyana Sitina ◽  
Tatyana Sitina
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cheboksary Reservoir ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Negative Impacts

Construction of Cheboksary hydroelectric power station with a reservoir was begun in 1968 and was stopped in 1981. The hydrostation was put into operation when filling a reservoir to a mark of 63,0 m with incomplete construction of protective actions. As a result of rise in level of the Cheboksary reservoir to 68,0 m territories of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, the Republics of Mari El and the Chuvash will be flooded. Operation of the Cheboksary reservoir within 33 years on a temporary mark of the retaining level of 63,0 m promotes further development of possible negative impacts and deterioration of life of the population in points of accommodation getting to a zone of influence of a reservoir. In work problems of influence of the Cheboksary reservoir on the nature of adjacent territories are considered. The analysis of influence of natural and technogenic factors on the Cheboksary reservoir is submitted. Comparative research of the territory of a right bank and left bank on studying of hydrological and hydrogeological processes and processing of coast in a zone of influence of a reservoir on key points is conducted. The state is considered recreational development of the territory. Features of a current state of technical objects of the Cheboksary reservoir are defined, the geoecological situation on coast of a reservoir on the studied key sites is revealed. Recommendations about decrease in negative impact of recreational use of coastal zones of a reservoir are developed.

GEOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CHEBOKSARY RESERVOIR COAST

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Sitina ◽  
Natalya Sitina ◽  
Tatyana Sitina ◽  
Tatyana Sitina
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cheboksary Reservoir ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Negative Impacts

Construction of Cheboksary hydroelectric power station with a reservoir was begun in 1968 and was stopped in 1981. The hydrostation was put into operation when filling a reservoir to a mark of 63,0 m with incomplete construction of protective actions. As a result of rise in level of the Cheboksary reservoir to 68,0 m territories of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, the Republics of Mari El and the Chuvash will be flooded. Operation of the Cheboksary reservoir within 33 years on a temporary mark of the retaining level of 63,0 m promotes further development of possible negative impacts and deterioration of life of the population in points of accommodation getting to a zone of influence of a reservoir. In work problems of influence of the Cheboksary reservoir on the nature of adjacent territories are considered. The analysis of influence of natural and technogenic factors on the Cheboksary reservoir is submitted. Comparative research of the territory of a right bank and left bank on studying of hydrological and hydrogeological processes and processing of coast in a zone of influence of a reservoir on key points is conducted. The state is considered recreational development of the territory. Features of a current state of technical objects of the Cheboksary reservoir are defined, the geoecological situation on coast of a reservoir on the studied key sites is revealed. Recommendations about decrease in negative impact of recreational use of coastal zones of a reservoir are developed.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Working Conditions, Employment, Career Development and Well-Being of Refugee Researchers

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ourania Tzoraki ◽  
Svetlana Dimitrova ◽  
Marin Barzakov ◽  
Saad Yaseen ◽  
Vasilis Gavalas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing ‘refugee crisis’ of the past years has led to the migration of refugee researchers (RRs) to European countries. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, RRs often had to work from home and/or to continue their social, cultural and economic integration process under new conditions. An online survey carried out to explore the impact of the pandemic on the refugee researchers showed that RRs found it difficult to adapt their everyday working life to the ‘home’ setting. The majority have had neither a suitable work environment at home nor the appropriate technology. Although they stated that they are rather pleased with the measures taken by the public authorities, they expressed concern about their vulnerability due to their precarious contracts and the bureaucratic asylum procedures, as the pandemic has had a negative impact on these major issues. The majority of RRs working in academia seem not to have been affected at all as far as their income is concerned, while the majority of those employed in other sectors became unemployed during the pandemic (58%). Recommendations are provided to the public authorities and policy makers to assist RRs to mitigate the consequences of the pandemic on their life.

scholarly journals A Review of Eco-Innovations and Exports Interrelationship, with Special Reference to International Agrifood Supply Chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Galera-Quiles ◽  
Laura Piedra-Muñoz ◽  
Emilio Galdeano-Gómez ◽  
Angel Carreño-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Business Size ◽  
Micro Level

Growing environmental awareness in recent years has led to greater efforts by companies and governments to promote eco-innovation, which is becoming an increasingly competitive factor in international supply chains. However, the interrelationships between exports and eco-innovation have not yet been studied in sufficient depth. As such, the purpose of this work is to analyze the influence that exists between these two variables, both at a business or micro level and at a country/region or macro level, and the most influential factors, such as country of origin and sector of activity, among others. To this end, 60 publications have been reviewed from 1996 to 2019 from a global perspective, to analyze the characteristics that define them and both the existing relationship and impact generated by the two variables being studied within international supply chains. The results show that, in general, there is a positive bidirectional relationship, influenced by several factors, such as social performance, environmental regulation, cooperation strategies, employment level, or business size. Additionally, there is a growing interest in this issue within the agrifood sector, as the benefits of an appropriate environmental policy based on innovation to promote exports are of great importance. Finally, a series of recommendations are made for future research that is able to serve scholars, companies and also policy makers.

scholarly journals Examining social determinants by locale to inform community linkages

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Davis
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract Achieving a long-lasting impact on health outcomes requires focus not just on patient care, but also on community approaches aimed at improving population health through addressing gaps in Social Determinants of Health (SDOH). SDOH have been found to disproportionately affect those in low-income brackets and the disabled to varying degrees based on locale. The purpose of this exploratory research was to determine 1) which SDOH have the greatest negative impact on disabled and elderly populations within four targeted states (Iowa, Ohio, Minnesota, Wisconsin) and 2) if there is a difference in negative SDOH impact between metro and non-metro locales. Individual-level data were obtained from disabled persons aged 65 years or older who responded to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. Utilizing these data, frequency distributions were obtained using SPSS. Rank order variation in SDOH was observed among four Midwestern states and between metro vs. non-metro geographic regions. Frequency distributions assisted in identifying the greatest negative impacting SDOH on elderly disabled populations. An examination of the rank order tables allowed the investigator to accurately assess the rank of negative impacts. There were variabilities in responses to questions with moving two or more times within 12 months having the lowest negative impact. When regrouped based upon SDOH negative impacts, were you able to pay your bills was the most frequent SDOH across all states. Feeling unsafe or extremely unsafe in your neighborhood was the highest negatively impacted SDOH within states. Cited determinants in three categories were highest in Ohio. Ohio also had the highest proportion of negatively impacted SDOH across all states. No money for balanced meals was a close second SDOH across states. Key messages Social Determinants Impacting Elderly Disabled. Impact of Social Determinants by Geography.

scholarly journals Chemical Contamination Pathways and the Food Safety Implications along the Various Stages of Food Production: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5795
Author(s):  
Kgomotso Lebelo ◽  
Ntsoaki Malebo ◽  
Mokgaotsa Jonas Mochane ◽  
Muthoni Masinde
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Substances

Historically, chemicals exceeding maximum allowable exposure levels have been disastrous to underdeveloped countries. The global food industry is primarily affected by toxic chemical substances because of natural and anthropogenic factors. Food safety is therefore threatened due to contamination by chemicals throughout the various stages of food production. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the form of pesticides and other chemical substances such as Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) have a widely documented negative impact due to their long-lasting effect on the environment. This present review focuses on the chemical contamination pathways along the various stages of food production until the food reaches the consumer. The contamination of food can stem from various sources such as the agricultural sector and pollution from industrialized regions through the air, water, and soil. Therefore, it is imperative to control the application of chemicals during food packaging, the application of pesticides, and antibiotics in the food industry to prevent undesired residues on foodstuffs. Ultimately, the protection of consumers from food-related chemical toxicity depends on stringent efforts from regulatory authorities both in developed and underdeveloped nations.

scholarly journals Regional trade and food security challenges: The case of SAARC countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqas Khalid ◽  
Ashar Sultan Kayani ◽  
Jamal Mohammed Alotaibi ◽  
Muhammad Muddassir ◽  
Bader Alhafi Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Trade Partners

Higher consumption and increased import requirements for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) region can be catered through neighboring trade partners if resources are optimally utilized. The purpose of this research is to analyze the connection between regional trade of SAARC countries and the food security challenges faced by the region. The study uses data from 1990–2018 for Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh to econometrically analyze the determinants of the volume of food trade. The results show that the gross domestic product of importing or exporting countries and foreign direct investment (FDI) have positive impact on regional trade. The bilateral exchange rate between trading partners has a negative impact on the trade volume. The results also showed the absence of a long-run relationship between volume of trade and food security using Johansen’s cointegration test. Our analysis suggests that policy makers should focus on the means for creating favorable environment in Pakistan and India to not only meet the increasing global demands for food but also increasing their competitiveness for high-quality and low-quality priced products in major exports markets.

“Caring for the Elderly is Very Difficult”: Challenges and Coping Strategies of Caregivers in Urban Poor Accra, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098230
Author(s):  
Frank Kyei-Arthur ◽  
Samuel Nii Ardey Codjoe
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Coping

This study is part of a broader phenomenological study on the experiences of family caregivers and their care recipients. There is a general paucity of research on the experiences of primary and secondary caregivers, and the negative impact of elderly care on caregivers in the urban poor settings in Ghana. This study explored primary and secondary caregivers’ challenges and coping strategies in the urban poor context in Accra, Ghana. This study was conducted in Ga Mashie. Thirty-one caregivers were interviewed. A phenomenological analysis was conducted using NVivo 10. Primary and secondary caregivers experienced economic, physical, social, and psychological burdens. Also, caregivers used spirituality and perseverance to cope with their challenges. The findings demonstrate that caregivers’ challenges varied by type of caregiver. Researchers and policymakers should consider the type of caregiver when designing interventions to mitigate the negative impacts of family caregiving on caregivers.

scholarly journals Age Variations in Perceived COVID-19 Threats, Negative Impacts, and Associations with Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 933-933
Author(s):  
Tara Gruenewald ◽  
Anthony Ong ◽  
Danielle Zahn
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Age Variations ◽  
Age Variation ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented threat to individual and public health, psychosocial, and economic well-being, although COVID-19 threats and impacts may vary by age and other demographic characteristics. Although greater age is a risk factor for greater COVID-19 disease severity, we know little about the association between age and perceived and experienced COVID-19 threats and their association to well-being. These associations were examined in an ongoing 3-wave investigation of over 1,700 U.S. adults (age 18-89; 53.1% female). Wave 1 analyses indicate no significant age variation in perceived threat of COVID-19 infection, with older and younger individuals reporting similar levels of COVID-19 infection threat. However, greater age was associated with lower perceived negative impact on financial and needed resources (r=-.10**), lower perceptions of COVID-19 induced harm to mental well-being (r=-.17**), and more favorable well-being profiles. Greater perceived COVID-19 threat and negative impact on resources and well-being were linked to greater feelings of stress (β’s=.45 to .68***), loneliness (β’s=.24 to .49***), social well-being (β’s=-.19 to -.36***), and poor sleep quality (β’s=.34 to .51***). These associations did not vary with age with the exception that older individuals showed stronger links between COVID-19 threat and impacts and poorer sleep quality. Ongoing analyses are examining whether these associations persist over time. Despite older adults’ greater risk of COVID-19 disease severity and mortality, older age did not appear to be linked to greater perceived COVID-19 threat or impacts, nor linkages to ill-being, with the possible exception of potential greater vulnerability to poor sleep quality.

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