Population Movements Towards Dhaka: Disquiets And Commendations

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mastak Al Amin ◽  
Md. Shohel Rana ◽  
Iftekhar Mohammad Shafiqul Kalam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Internal migration is now a significant constituent for policy issues in Bangladesh, so there is a need to strengthen the statistical resources devoted to monitoring population movements which directly track migrants and provide household level data. The main objective of our study was to examine the factors and characteristics of individual’s internal migration towards Dhaka city, Bangladesh and recommend some policy issues. We considered a sample of 448 individuals from the rural and urban areas of Bangladesh those migrated to Dhaka city. Here we tried to figuring the determinants of socio-economic, economic and environmental factors related with the internal migration. We tried to interpret the differences between individual’s income, occupational positions, years of schooling, educational facilities and wealth of family before and after migration process. We found that the significant factors liable for internal migration were mainly occupational, educational and climatic. Ordinary least square technique was applied on three regression models which indicated that there were differences due to internal migration regarding to these economic, demographic and environmental factors in Bangladesh. Also we tried to recommend some policies and instruments about the future policy of internal migration.

scholarly journals Urban–Rural Disparities in the Magnitude and Determinants of Stunting among Children under Five in Tanzania: Based on Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys 1991–2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5184
Author(s):  
Wenjun Zhu ◽  
Si Zhu ◽  
Bruno F. Sunguya ◽  
Jiayan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Individual

Our study aims to examine the disparity of under-5 child stunting prevalence between urban and rural areas of Tanzania in the past three decades, and to explore factors affecting the rural–urban disparity. Secondary analyses of Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS) data drawn from 1991–1992, 1996, 1999, 2004–2005, 2009–2010, and 2015–2016 surveys were conducted. Under-5 child stunting prevalence was calculated separately for rural and urban children and its decline trends were examined by chi-square tests. Descriptive analyses were used to present the individual-level, household-level, and societal-level characteristics of children, while multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine determinants of stunting in rural and urban areas, respectively. Additive interaction effects were estimated between residence and other covariates. The results showed that total stunting prevalence was declining in Tanzania, but urban–rural disparity has widened since the decline was slower in the rural area. No interaction effect existed between residence and other determinants, and the urban–rural disparity was mainly caused by the discrepancy of the individual-level and household-level factors between rural and urban households. As various types of determinants exist, multisector nutritional intervention strategies are required to address the child stunting problem. Meanwhile, the intervention should focus on targeting vulnerable children, rather than implementing different policies in rural and urban areas.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONSUMSI PANGAN TINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI PROPINSI LAMPUNG

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliyanah Meliyanah ◽  
Suhatmini Hardyastuti ◽  
Djuwari Djuwari
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Income Level ◽  
High Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

This research diamed to: 1) knowing the selft-price elasticity, cross-price elasticity and income elasticity of consumption per food item on household level according to location and income level; and 2) knowing the reation between level of income and food consumption on household level according to location and income level.This research used data from SUSENAS of Lmapung Province in 2002 with number of sample of 2091 household, which being differed between rural and urban areas based on low, middle, and high level of income. The data analysis used tobit model and sensored regression.The result showed that: 1) the demand of rice and beeh for household consumption in every level of income in rural and urban areas were inelastic; 2) Coen only been consumed by low income level household in rural areas and the demand was inelastic; 3) the demand of cassava for household consumption on low income level in urban area was elastic, While in middle income level, high income level and every level of income in rural area, cassava demand was inelastic. Cassava was considered as inferior goods; 4) The demand of fish for household consumption an every level of income in rural and urban areas was elastic. Household in rural area on every level of income and in urban areas on middle and high income level consider fish as a main necessity. While on low income level  household in urban areas, it was considered as classy/exclusive good; 5) the demand of chicken; for household in rural areas on middle and high income level was inelastic. When in rural low income level and urban middle and high income level, was inelastic chicken meat was considend as classy/exclusive good the rural low income level household; 6) egg demand for household consumption in rural areas on every level of income was inelastic, while in urban area it was elastic for every level income; 7) the rural and urban household on every level of income considered rice as the stpale food; 8) Household in rural and urban areas on middle and high level of income considered beef as main necessity; 9) On household with middle income level in rural areas, egg was considere as inferior good; while an low income level in urban areas, egg was considere as expensive good.

scholarly journals Energy Elasticity in India: An Empirical study with Unit level Household Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Alok Pandey ◽  
Annapurna Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Unit Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Level Data

In the present study an attempt has been made to estimate the responsiveness of prices and household expenditure on consumption of energy for cooking and lighting at household level in rural and urban areas of All India. Household level energy elasticities are estimated for the rural and urban areas with the help of dummy variable regression approach by using NSSO 66th quinnquenial rounds of unit level data.. The results reveal the fact that average expenditure recorded on energy for cooking and lighting in urban areas is higher than in rural areas at all India level. Majority of the households are using dirty fuel for cooking in rural areas while in urban areas clean fuel i.e. LPG is used for cooking. The expenditure on energy for cooking and lighting at household level is inelastic. The marginal budget share in rural and urban areas is the same. Result reveal the fact that hundred percent increase in prices of energy for cooking and lighting will increase the expenditure of households in rural region more than in urban region.

scholarly journals Membership of Czech municipalities to rural and urban areas: a fuzzy-based approach

Geografie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vít Pászto ◽  
Jaroslav Burian ◽  
Lukáš Marek ◽  
Vít Voženílek ◽  
Pavel Tuček
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Boolean Logic ◽  
Fuzzy Approach ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Due to the ongoing changes in settlement, it is becoming increasingly difficult to properly define rural and urban areas in Czechia. This delimitation problem has been intensively studied in Europe, including Czechia, for decades, but only the “crisp” rules have been set for this purpose. This is no longer sufficient because of substantial population movements. Our research focused on applying the fuzzy set theory to the delimitation of rural and urban areas and on a subsequent visualization and statistical comparison. This paper focuses on an introduction of such approaches and aims to present the chances of using geocomputational methods in geographical research. The main result is a new methodology that applies the principles of fuzzy approach (fuzzy sets and numbers operations, fuzzy regulation) on socio-economic data to show the transitional character of municipalities. Two ways of fuzzy approach, the easy-to-obtain Łukasiewicz T-norm and the more complex fuzzy regulation, are used in order to demonstrate its advantage over the Boolean logic procedure in the delimitation of rural and urban areas.

scholarly journals Moralitas, Peran Perangkat Desa, Dan Kepatuhan Masyarakat Dalam Membayar Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan Pedesaan Dan Perkotaan: Sanksi Sebagai Variabel Moderating

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Amir Hidayatulloh ◽  
Agung Dwi Nugroho ◽  
Kahfi Fikrianoor
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural

This research aims to determine the factors that influence the community in paying property taxes in rural and urban areas, and to find out whether the risk variabel moderates the effect between morality and the role of village official on commuity compliance in paying property taxes in rural and urban areas. The population in this research  is individual taxpayers who in bantul regency. The sample in this research is individual taxpayers who own land and buildings. The research data wase collection by distributing questionnaires to respondents who were met by researchers. Respondents in this research were 127 respondents. This research data analysis techniques uses Partial Least Square, with the help of WarpPLS. This research found that coomunity compliance in paying property taxes in rural and urban areas influenced by the role of village official and sanction. However, morality has no effect on community compliance to property taxes in rural and urban areas. This reserach also found that sanction moderate the effect of morality on the community’s compliance to pay land and urban rural building taxes. However, sanction cannot moderate the effect between role of village officials on community’s mandatory the effect between the role of village official on community’s compliance to pay land and urban rural building taxes.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN DAN PENERIMAAN PRODUK KEDELAI PADA RUMAHTANGGA DI PERKOTAAN DAN PEDESAAN PULAU JAWA INDONESIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Rina Yenrina ◽  
Yuliana Yuliana ◽  
Deddy Muchtadi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Acceptance Level ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Rural And Urban

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.6pt 6pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The study was aimed to get data on kind of processing and acceptance level of local soybean products in rural and urban areas in Java Island. The study locations were South Jakarta (Province of DKI Jakarta); Serang and Tangerang (Province of Banten); Bekasi, Bogor and Bandung (Province of West Java); Purwokerto, Semarang and Solo (Province of Central Java); Yogyakarta (Province of D.I.Yogyakarta); Malang, Jember and Surabaya (Province of East Java). The study was a part of a grand study on processing, acceptance, and consumption pattern of local soybean products at various socio-economic level of households in Java Island in 2005.  The data were obtained by interviewing and observing 2080 households (consisted of 1280 households in urban and 800 households in rural areas) selected randomly. Soybean products that mostly found in the market and consumed by households of Indonesian people, particularly in Java Island, were tempe, tauco, soy-sauce, tofu, tofu-flower, soy-sprout, and oncom.  The mostly ways to process the soy products were stir-frying, deep-frying, toasting, boiling, and ‘bacem’.  Besides, there were also some soy products that consumed directly at a household level after factorized processing, namely as soy-sauce and soy-milk. The average time used to process the soy-products varied, depended on the way of processing and  number of the product processed.  Stir-frying, especially for tempe, tofu, and tauge, was a frequent way done by poor and rich households, both in urban and rural areas.  The products that mostly processed by frying in rural household was tempe, tofu and soybean, meanwhile in urban areas were only tempe and tofu.  The everage time used by urban households to fry the soy-products was shorter than time used by rural households. It was found that more than 90% of households in rural and urban areas stated “like” and “like very much” tempe, tofu, and soy-sauce.  However, the acceptance level of household on tauco, soy-milk, and soy-flower was still low, namely less than 50%.</span></p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONSUMSI BERAS PADATINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Cristovao R ◽  
Slamet Hartono ◽  
Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rice Consumption

The objectives of the study were (1) to determine thefactors influencing rice consumption in urban and rural areas of Yogyakarta Special Province and (2) to determine the own price, cross price and income elasticity of rice consumption at different income levels in rural and urban areas. National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data of 2005 Yogyakarta Special Province on rice consumption was used Totalrespondents 1990 households. Regression model used in the analysis was OLS. The result showed that thefactors that influence the consumption of rice are the price of the rice itself, price of the related household goods, income level, education of the mother, number offamily members, and location. Thefactors that individually influence rice consumption vary by kinds of rice, location, and income level. Therefore, the demand of rice in DIY is inelastic, the change of price did not significantly influence rice demand. Generally, rice is normal good at low income household level in the rural and urban areas andfor middle income in the rural, and in middle income and high income in the urban, rice is a inferior good. In other side, rice is Substituted for cassava and sweet potato. Rice is complementary for catfish, fermented soybean cake, cassava, egg, and tofu.Keywords: rice consumption, elasticity, substitution, complementary.

Associations of Early Life Exposures and Environmental Factors With Asthma Among Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Guangdong, China

CHEST Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 1030-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulin Feng ◽  
Zhaowei Yang ◽  
Liying Pan ◽  
Xuxin Lai ◽  
Mo Xian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Early Life Exposures

scholarly journals Internal Migration and the Covid-19 Pandemic in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-248
Author(s):  
S Irudaya Rajan ◽  
R. B. Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Migrants Rights ◽  
Social Safety Nets

AbstractThis chapter looks at the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on internal migrants in India. According to the 2011 Census, there are over 450 million internal migrants, of which a massive 54 million are inter-state migrants. A large number of these migrants consist of labourers who comprise a huge percentage of the informal sector workforce, both in the rural and urban areas of India, and are vital to the country’s economy. These workers are also some of the most vulnerable, with inadequacies in terms of working conditions and coverage of social safety nets, and are also largely absent from India’s policy discourses. This chapter highlights the size and extent of internal migration as well as its distribution across different states in India. It shows how the current crisis and lockdowns have affected their lives and livelihoods. It particularly looks at the responses of central and various state governments – at destinations and origins – to ensure migrants’ wellbeing. It also analyses the socioeconomic impact of the migrant exodus from major destinations and looks at solutions to enable and ensure that migration patterns in the future are sustainable, and more importantly, ensure migrants’ rights and dignity.

scholarly journals The multifaceted relationship between environmental risks and poverty: new insights from Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Narloch ◽  
Mook Bangalore
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Changes Over Time

AbstractDespite complex interlinkages, insights into the multifaceted relationship between environmental risks and poverty can be gained through an analysis of different risks across space, time and scale within a single context using consistent methods. Combining geo-spatial data on eight environmental risks and household survey data from 2010–2014 for the case study of Vietnam, this paper shows: (i) at the district level, the incidence of poverty is higher in high risk areas, (ii) at the household level, poorer households face higher environmental risks, (iii) for some risks the relationship with household-level consumption varies between rural and urban areas, and (iv) environmental risks explain consumption differences between households, but less so changes over time. While altogether these analyses cannot establish a causal relationship between environmental risks and poverty, they do indicate that Vietnam's poor are disproportionally exposed. Given growing pressures due to climate change, addressing such risks should be a focus of poverty reduction efforts.

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