scholarly journals Traffic model for the interconnection of networks and operators using MPLS-TE

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (44) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Mario Restrepo ◽  
Octavio José Salcedo-Parra ◽  
Juan Manuel Sánchez-Céspedes
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Global Model ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Telecommunication Service ◽  
Model Output ◽  
New Model ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Wolfram Mathematica ◽  
Study Case

In this paper, the main features of MPLS Traffic Engineering are presented to illustrate how telecommunication service providers use them to create interconnections between each other in order to offer telecom services satisfying QoS commitments. Based on previous traffic models, a new model, which deals with traffic queue balancing for different Classes of Service, and for a provider using another provider´s network is presented. The model output shows that carrying another operator’s traffic may increase delays in an undesirable manner, forcing the carrier to increase the serving rate of LSRs until Utilization is below 60 %. In order to validate the model, a number of network scenarios are implemented in the Wolfram Mathematica 10.1 Study Version, based on study case configurations of an MPLS network. The total global model is useful for future implementation of test-beds of interconnected providers under an MPLS environment.

scholarly journals ElasticWISP: Energy-Proportional WISP Backhaul Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Duncan Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Wireless Internet ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Wireless Backhaul ◽  
Backhaul Networks

<p>The provision of rural broadband infrastructure is a challenge for network operators across the globe, irrespective of their size. Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) have shown that the small-scale deployment of wireless broadband infrastructure is a viable alternative to relying on cellular network providers for remote coverage. However, WISPs must often resort to using off-grid renewable energy sources such as solar energy for powering network sites, often resulting in undesirable, low-performance backhaul radios being used between sites out of concern for excessive energy consumption.  The challenges of managing performant wireless backhaul networks in respect to energy constraints at remote, off-grid sites informs the need for energy-proportional design. Backhaul radios typically used by WISPs are not energy-proportional, meaning they use a consistent amount of energy, irrespective of wireless link utilisation. Using data from a real WISP network, diurnal traffic patterns show that WISP networks could benefit from energy-proportional design, without having to sacrifice performance.  To encourage the development of high-performance, energy-proportional WISP backhaul networks, ElasticWISP, an optimisation architecture that reduces network-wide backhaul energy consumption while satisfying the user-demand for traffic, is introduced. ElasticWISP dynamically controls the configuration of backhaul radios based on bandwidth demands and the network-wide energy consumption of these radios. Through simulations driven by real WISP topology and data traffic, results show that ElasticWISP can offer energy savings of approximately 65% when WISP operators follow the proposed backhaul design methodology.  Finally, a lightweight Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based traffic engineering scheme, based on Segment Routing, is proposed. The implementation, named Segment Routing over MPLS (SR-MPLS), keeps traffic engineering path-state within each packet, meaning per-flow state is only held at SR-MPLS ingress routers. The lightweight approach of SR-MPLS also eliminates the otherwise necessary network-wide label flooding of traditional Segment Routing, making it ideal for bandwidth-sensitive wireless backhaul networks. Evaluation of SR-MPLS shows that it can perform as well as – and sometimes better than – competitor schemes.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of Mobile Service Providers Performance Using Naive Bayes Data Mining Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5153
Author(s):  
M. A. Burhanuddin ◽  
Ronizam Ismail ◽  
Nurul Izzaimah ◽  
Ali Abdul-Jabbar Mohammed ◽  
Norzaimah Zainol
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Telecommunication Service ◽  
Mobile Service ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Data Mining Technique ◽  
R Language ◽  
Mining Technique ◽  
Industry Standard

Recently, the mobile service providers have been growing rapidly in Malaysia. In this paper, we propose analytical method to find best telecommunication provider by visualizing their performance among telecommunication service providers in Malaysia, i.e. TM Berhad, Celcom, Maxis, U-Mobile, etc. This paperuses data mining technique to evaluate the performanceof telecommunication service providers using their customers feedback from Twitter Inc. It demonstrates on how the system could process and then interpret the big data into a simple graph or visualization format. In addition, build a computerized tool and recommend data analytic model based on the collected result. From prepping the data for pre-processing until conducting analysis, this project is focusing on the process of data science itself where Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology will be used as a reference. The analysis was developed by using R language and R Studio packages. From the result, it shows that Telco 4 is the best as it received highest positive scores from the tweet data. In contrast, Telco 3 should improve their performance as having less positive feedback from their customers via tweet data. This project bring insights of how the telecommunication industries can analyze tweet data from their customers. Malaysia telecommunication industry will get the benefit by improving their customer satisfaction and business growth. Besides, it will give the awareness to the telecommunication user of updated review from other users.

scholarly journals LEGALITY OF “BORROW ME CREDIT” SERVICES OFFERED BY TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES: A SHARI’AH PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-640
Author(s):  
Isa Abdur-Razaq Sarumi ◽  
Abdulraheem Abdulwahid Yusuph ◽  
Mu’az Yusuf Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Telecommunication Service ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Extra Time ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Telecommunication Companies ◽  
Ab Inito

Telecommunication service providers are known to provide various benefits for airtime packages. Different packages have been introduced in order to satisfy consumer needs. The nexus between service providers and consumers are guided by terms and conditions. Under Islamic law, any condition stipulated by the parties, which involves riba is rejected ab inito and renders the transaction voidable. Therefore, this article seeks to examine the Airtime Credit Service by service providers such as extra time package known as ‘borrow me credit’ in order to determine whether it is a Shariah-compliant transaction or otherwise. The study adopts doctrinal legal research by using primary and secondary sources of Islamic law such as Qur’an, Sunnah. The study also relies on textbook, journals, and service providers’ websites. The study reveals that the use of the word ‘borrow’ in the package has triggered polemical discourse among the Islamic financial jurists. The study reveals that, although the word ‘borrow’ is used, the intention of service providers is to sell the airtime on credit sale. The article clarifies the juristic discourse of the sale based on Islamic law of contract. It  recommends some clarifications on the form and structure of the sale and concludes that it is allowed for Muslims to buy airtime through the package.

The Interplay of Agents in Improvising Telecommunication Infrastructures' Services to Rural Community of South Africa

2015 ◽  
pp. 208-225
Author(s):  
Sharol Mkhomazi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
South African ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Telecommunication Service ◽  
Network Service Provider

The deployment of telecommunication infrastructures is a challenge in many parts of South Africa particularly in the rural areas. The challenge has impact of communities' members as they do not have network coverage for Internet in some areas. The challenge gets worse with individual telecommunication service provider. Hence there is technological proposal for sharing of infrastructure by the service providers. However, the sharing of infrastructure is not as easy as notion by many individuals and groups institutions included. The article presents findings from a study on how a South African telecommunication network service provider could deploy shared infrastructures in the country's rural communities. The sharing of infrastructure is described by the structure and actions of agents within the infrastructure sharing process. Structuration theory was employed as a lens in the data analysis. The key findings include insufficient distribution of infrastructure, ownership responsibility, competitiveness, infrastructure deployment cost, and signification of regulation.

15. Contracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 599-644
Author(s):  
Timothy Endicott
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Government Contracts ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
New Model ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
The People ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Contracts are used to structure the legal relationship between government and private service providers. Contract also forms a new model both for relationships between public agencies and for the relationship between the government and the people it serves. The challenge for the government is to deliver services with integrity, with equity, and with efficiency. The challenge for administrative law is to provide forms of accountability that do what the law can do to promote those goals. This chapter discusses government by contract and proportionate administration, accountability and efficiency, capacity to contract, and how the law controls government contracts.

15. Contracts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Endicott
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Government Contracts ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
New Model ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
The People ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Contracts are used to structure the legal relationship between government and private service providers. Besides this, contract also forms a new model both for relationships between public agencies, and for the relationship between the government and the people it serves. The challenge for the government is to deliver services with integrity, with equity, and with efficiency. The challenge for administrative law is to provide forms of accountability that do what the law can do to promote those goals. This chapter discusses government by contract and proportionate administration, accountability and efficiency, capacity to contract, and how the law controls government contracts.

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