scholarly journals The application of gas dissolved in fuel with a view to improve the mechanism of spraying

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
Władysław KOZAK ◽  
Maciej BAJERLEIN ◽  
Jarosław MARKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Process Control ◽  
System Design ◽  
Gaseous Phase ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Fuel Stream

In the non-equilibrium states of a solution, formed as a result of dissolving gas in a liquid, the gaseous phase is spontaneously released from the solution. This process has a volumetric character and at the appropriate kinetics it is strong enough to be accompanied by the effervescence (bubbling) of the liquid. The authors have undertaken an attempt to evaluate the possibility of applying this process for improving the fuel spraying mechanism in the diesel engines. This paper presents the first part of their work. In this paper presents a concept of the improvement of spraying by adding gas to fuel oil, its dissolving at a high pressure and the use of the effect which accompanies its release during the injection of fuel, for improving the spraying mechanism accompanying its release during the injection of fuel??. The mechanism of spraying improvement has been explained and the general requirements listed, which have to be fulfilled by a fuel injection system design to make the use of gas possible. An evaluation of energetic changes of the fuel stream caused by the presence of gas has been made and the potential possibilities of the extension of the combustion process control, mentioned in the conclusions

Modeling and Control of a High Pressure Combined Air/Fuel Injection System

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yong ◽  
Eric J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
Liquid Piston

A high pressure combined air-fuel injection system is designed and tested for an experimental free liquid-piston engine compressor. The application discussed utilizes available high pressure air from the compressor’s reservoir, and high pressure fuel to mix and then inject into a combustion chamber. This paper addresses the modeling, design and control for this particular high-pressure air-fuel injection system, which features an electronically controlled air/fuel ratio control scheme. This system consists of a fuel line and an air line, whose mass flow rates are restricted by metering valves. These two lines are connected to a common downstream tube where air and fuel are mixed. By controlling the upstream pressures and the orifice areas of the metering valves, desired A/F ratios can be achieved. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated by a lumped-parameter model in simulation and validated by experiments.

scholarly journals Conversion of Liquid to Gaseous Fuel for Prevaporised Premixed Combustion in Gas Turbines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wang ◽  
L. Reh ◽  
D. Pennell ◽  
D. Winkler ◽  
K. Döbbeling
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Combustion Tests

Stationary gas turbines for power generation are increasingly being equipped with low emission burners. By applying lean premixed combustion techniques for gaseous fuels both NOx and CO emissions can be reduced to extremely low levels (NOx emissions <25vppm, CO emissions <10vppm). Likewise, if analogous premix techniques can be applied to liquid fuels (diesel oil, Oil No.2, etc.) in gas-fired burners, similar low level emissions when burning oils are possible. For gas turbines which operate with liquid fuel or in dual fuel operation, VPL (Vaporised Premixed Lean)-combustion is essential for obtaining minimal NOx-emissions. An option is to vaporise the liquid fuel in a separate fuel vaporiser and subsequently supply the fuel vapour to the natural gas fuel injection system; this has not been investigated for gas turbine combustion in the past. This paper presents experimental results of atmospheric and high-pressure combustion tests using research premix burners running on vaporised liquid fuel. The following processes were investigated: • evaporation and partial decomposition of the liquid fuel (Oil No.2); • utilisation of low pressure exhaust gases to externally heat the high pressure fuel vaporiser; • operation of ABB premix-burners (EV burners) with vaporised Oil No.2; • combustion characteristics at pressures up to 25bar. Atmospheric VPL-combustion tests using Oil No.2 in ABB EV-burners under simulated gas turbine conditions have successfully produced emissions of NOx below 20vppm and of CO below 10vppm (corrected to 15% O2). 5vppm of these NOx values result from fuel bound nitrogen. Little dependence of these emissions on combustion pressure bas been observed. The techniques employed also ensured combustion with a stable non luminous (blue) flame during transition from gaseous to vaporised fuel. Additionally, no soot accumulation was detectable during combustion.

Introduction to the Conception of Combustion Process Onboard Monitoring System

2014 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bieniek
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Speed Sensor ◽  
Future Potential

This paper presents a conception of a system designed for monitoring combustion process in a multi-cylinder combustion engine. The proposed system is based on the application of a pressure sensor installed in one of the engine’s cylinders. The analysis of the combustion process in the remaining cylinders is possible as a result of analyzing the course of the rotational speed by means of a sensor with a large resolution integrated with engine control phase sensor. This paper presents results of the initial testing of its operation and results of research into a system named CPMOS (Combustion Process Onboard Monitoring System) dedicated to a self-ignition engine of an off-highway vehicle. The use of an algorithm which applies a synthesis of a pressure sensor signal and rotational speed sensor offers the possibility of gaining a reconstructed course of pressure in all cylinders in the engine. The proposed measurement of pressure in a cylinder not involving fuel injection system can provide more detailed information regarding the course of the combustion process in the particular cylinders. The proposed concept of the CPMOS system leads to a decrease in the overall system cost as a result of the application of a single pressure sensor in a single cylinder. The future potential application of the monitoring of the combustion in each cylinder can enable the improvement of the operating parameters of the cylinders as a result of optimizing the control of the fuel injection system, EGR system and systems used for limiting exhaust gases used in the vehicle.

Numerical Simulation of the Dynamic Response of a Diesel Fuel Injector Using CFD

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yi ◽  
Aleksandra Egelja ◽  
Clement J. Sung
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Diesel Fuel Injection ◽  
Very High

The development of a very high pressure diesel fuel injection system has been one of the key solutions to improve engine performance and to reduce emissions. The diesel fuel management in the injector directly affects how the fuel spray is delivered to the combustion chamber, and therefore affects the mixing, combustion and the pollutants formation. To design such a very high pressure diesel fuel injection system, an advanced CFD tool to predict the complex flow in the fuel injection system is required in the robust design process. In this paper, a novel 3D CFD dynamic mesh with cavitation model is developed to simulate the dynamic response of the needle motion of a diesel fuel injector corresponding to high common rail pressure and other dimensional design variables, coupling with the imbalance of the spring force and the flow force (pressure plus viscous force). A mixture model is used for cavitation resulting from high speed flow in fuel injector. Due to the lack of experimental data, the model presented in this paper is only validated by a limited set of experimental data. Required meshing strategy is also discussed in the paper.

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