scholarly journals El traslado ilícito de menores en la Unión Europea: retorno vs violencia familiar o doméstica = International child abduction in the European Union: return of the child vs domestic or family violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Isabel Reig Fabado
Keyword(s):  
Family Violence ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
Violencia Domestica ◽  
The Hague Convention

Resumen: Cada vez resulta más habitual la concurrencia de violencia doméstica o familiar en los supuestos de sustracción internacional de menores, en los que la retención o el traslado ilícito del menor se utiliza como una vía de alejamiento. El sistema de retorno inmediato del menor del Convenio de la Haya de 1980 prevé esta circunstancia bajo la excepción de grave riesgo del artículo 13.1.b), en un marco regulador poliédrico, que se completa con el Reglamento 2201/2003, Bruselas II bis –para los traslados intracomunitarios– y con las medidas de protección previstas en el Convenio de la Haya de 1996 –entre los Estados parte– y el procedimiento del Capítulo IV bis de la LEC española. Los problemas en la aplicación práctica y la apreciación del interés superior del menor se revelan especialmente polémicos en estos supuestos, sobre todo por lo que respecta a las ejecutorias.Palabras clave: sustracción internacional de menores, violencia doméstica o familiar, retorno seguro, carácter ejecutorio, medidas de protección del menor, derecho de audiencia del menor.Abstract: The occurrence of domestic or family violence in cases of international child abduction is increasingly common, in which the detention or illegal transfer of the child is used as a means of alienation. The system of immediate return of the child of the Hague Convention of 1980 provides for this circumstance with the exception of grave risk of harm of article 13(1)(b), in a polyhedral regulatory framework, which is completed by Regulation 2201/2003, Brussels IIa –for intra-EU cases– and with the protection measures provided for in the Hague Convention of 1996 -between the States Parties- and the procedure of Chapter IV bis of the Spanish Civil Prosecution Law. Problems in the practical application and appreciation of the best interests of the child are particularly controversial in these cases.Keywords: international child abduction, domestic or family violence, safe return, enforceability, child protection measures, right of a child to be heard.

scholarly journals PARENTAL CHILD ABDUCTION CASES: PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE

Obiter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans M Mahlobogwane
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Child ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Hague Convention ◽  
Better Than

The past few decades have witnessed an unprecedented growth of child abduction cases that has generated the need for legislative framework governing such cases. This happened, after a period of uncertainty on how the courts should deal with abduction cases, as a result our South African legislature incorporated the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction Act 72 of 1996. The Act came into operation on the 01 October 1997, making the Hague Conventionapplicable in South Africa. This paper will look into the issue of prevention of parental child abduction and whether such prevention will promote the child's best interests in such cases.

9. International Relocation and Child Abduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gaffney-Rhys
Keyword(s):  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
International Relocation ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
International Child ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Essay Question ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Hague Convention

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offers the best preparation for tackling exam and assignment questions. Each book includes key debates, typical questions, diagram answer plans, suggested answers, author commentary and tips to gain extra marks. This chapter focuses on international relocation and child abduction. The first question is an essay question that considers the law relating to international relocation, i.e. how the English courts have dealt with applications to relocate out of the jurisdiction (e.g. Payne v Payne). The second is a problem question that requires the application of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects on International Child Abduction 1980 and the EU Regulations (BIIR), but also considers the law that applies if a child is taken to England and Wales from a country that has not ratified the Hague Convention. The final question is an essay question that considers whether the Hague Convention ensures that the child’s best interests are protected.

Protecting the Best Interests of the Child: International Child Abduction and the European Court of Human Rights

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Keller ◽  
Corina Heri
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
European Court ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
The Hague Convention

In its case law on international child abduction, the European Court of Human Rights (ecthr) seeks to interpret the European Convention on Human Rights (echr) in conformity with the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. Both instruments safeguard the best interests of abducted children, but in different ways. This article explores the progress made by the ecthr in harmonising the conflict between the Hague Convention and Article 8 echr. While the ecthr’s approach to the abducted child’s best interests in Neulinger and Shuruk v. Switzerland was met with strong criticism, the Court seems to have found a viable approach in X. v. Latvia. The ecthr’s current tactic allows it to continue its dialogue with national authorities and international bodies by imposing procedural requirements, thereby contributing to a harmonised approach appropriate to the best interests of abducted children without negatively impacting the functioning of the Hague Convention.

scholarly journals Excepciones legales al retorno del menor en los supuestos de sustracción internacional = Legal exceptions to the child’s return in international abduction situations

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Juan José Castelló Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Hague Convention

Resumen: El Convenio de la Haya de 25 de octubre de 1980 sobre los Aspectos Civiles de la Sustracción Internacional de Menores prevé un sistema de excepciones legales a la restitución del menor con el objeto de respetar el principio del interés superior del menor. Estas excepciones a la restitución o retorno del menor al lugar de residencia anterior al traslado o retención ilícito a la mayor brevedad posible deben interpretarse de forma restrictiva y, por supuesto, acreditarse la concurrencia de los motivos de oposición a la restitución.La Sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, sección 3ª, de 21 de junio de 2017 objeto de comentario aborda las excepciones legales al retorno del menor y la necesidad de acreditar los motivos alegados para acordarse la excepción. De lo contrario, como sucede en el presente litigio, procede el retorno del menor al lugar de residencia anterior al traslado ilícito.Palabras clave: Sustracción internacional de menores, traslado ilícito, restitución inmediata, Convenio de La Haya de 1980.Abstract: The Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction provides for a system of legal exceptions to the return of the child in order to respect the principle of the best interests of the child. These exceptions to the return or return of the child to the place of residence prior to the illicit transfer as soon as possible must be interpreted restrictively and, of course, the concurrence of the grounds for opposition to the restitution must be proven.The Judgment of the Provincial Court of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, section 3, of June 21, 2017 object of comment deals with the legal exceptions to the return of the minor and the need to prove the alleged grounds for agreeing the exception. Otherwise, as in the present case, the minor returns to the place of residence prior to the illicit transfer.Keywords: International child abduction, legal kidnapping, prompt return, The Hague Convention 1980

The Hague Convention: Who is Protecting the Child?

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Carmen Tetley
Keyword(s):  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
List Type ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
Family Courts ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Hague Convention ◽  
International Boundaries ◽  
Custody And Access

The Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is a multilateral treaty that seeks to protect children from the harmful effects of abduction and retention across international boundaries by providing a procedure to bring about their prompt return. The ‘Child Abduction Section’ provides information about the operation of the Convention and the work of the Hague Conference in monitoring its implementation and promoting international co-operation in the area of child abduction. There are currently 58 member countries and 22 non-member countries. Australia signed the Convention five years after its introduction. The Family Law (Child Abduction) Regulations 1986 enshrined in Australian law the principles espoused in the Convention which came into force in 1987. The Regulations are to: (a)secure the prompt return of children wrongfully removed to or retained in any contracting state, and(b)ensure that rights of custody and access under the law of one contracting state are effectively respected in the other contracting states. This paper shows that the failure of Family Courts to take account of the effects of their actions on the development and best interests of children whose return is secured can add to the psychological abuse of those who were removed from their home countries to avoid sexual abuse and violence. It suggests that the exceptions in the regulations that allow a child to remain in the new country with the primary caregiver are being ignored.

scholarly journals The Hague Convention on International Child Abduction: The Protection or Neglect of a Child`s Interests?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Natalya V. Kravchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hague Convention ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
European Court ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Hague Convention

The paper analyses provisions of Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction with regard to a principle of the best interests of the child. The jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on the best interests of the child dictates they should be interpreted broadly and cannot be identified by the application of the legal presumption. There is therefore a potential conflict between this reading and a narrow interpretation of this notion by the Hague convention according to which the best interest of the child in the case of international abduction is to return to the state of habitual residence. To secure the best interests of the child while applying Hague convention it is necessary to take into consideration respective international standards.

scholarly journals The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980: The New Zealand Courts' Approach to the "Grave Risk" Exception for Victims of Domestic Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allie Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Habitual Residence ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Hague Convention

The Hague Convention 1980 was welcomed by the international community to resolve the emerging issue of international child abduction. The Convention is premised on the assumption that all child abduction is inherently harmful. Thus, it is generally in the best interests of children to be returned to the country of habitual residence as expediently as possible, restoring the status quo.Domestic violence victims do not fall within the typical abduction paradigm which the Convention was drafted to remedy. New Zealand courts have adopted a narrow approach to the "grave risk" defence, requiring the abducting party to prove that the country of habitual residence cannot adequately protect the child. This is rarely established due to the influence of the principle of comity. This approach therefore effectively blocks the discretionary inquiry, which only occurs once the defence is established, in which the Convention principles can be weighed against the welfare and best interests of the individual child, a consideration paramount in both domestic and international law. Domestic violence makes it unlikely that return will ever be in the child's welfare and best interests. A change in approach is suggested, under which consideration of the adequacy of the habitual residence's protection laws becomes a relevant consideration in the exercise of discretion. This ensures all considerations are given due regard and the safety of young domestic violence victims is better assured.

scholarly journals Hague convention on the civil aspects of international child abduction: content and methodological approaches to the application in judicial education

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-86
Author(s):  
Tetiana Fuley ◽  
Oksana Kuchiv
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
Judicial Education ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Hague Convention

The article is focused on the most essential issues of the application of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction of 25 October 1980 (“the Hague Convention”) in the judgements of Ukrainian courts and some methodological aspects of workshop development on the topic. The Hague Convention recently has been applied more often as an important international act. Moreover, there are at least 3 judgements of the European Court of Human Rights v. Ukraine on the matter (Chabrowski v. Ukraine, no. 61680/10, 17 January 2013; Vilenchik v. Ukraine, no. 21267/14, 3 October 2017, M.R. and D.R. v. Ukraine, no. 63551/13, 22 May 2018). The Court reiterates that in the area of international child abduction, the obligations that Article 8 of the ECHR imposes on the Contracting State must be interpreted, in particular, in the light of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction of 25 October 1980 which also attaches paramount importance to the best interests of the child. Therefore such a topic was selected for a workshop to be developed and implemented in the educational process of the National School of Judges of Ukraine (NSJU). According to the Concept of National Standards of Judicial Training, which was approved by the Science and Methodology Council of the NSJU, and later became a part of the Rules of Procedure of the NSJU, all training courses for judges and candidates are developed taking into consideration three dimensions – so-called 3D (dimension) – which encompass knowledge, skills, and values. Therefore the workshop on the Hague Convention is designed using all 3D, and is aimed to consolidate knowledge and to develop judicial skills in application of the Hague Convention, Article 8 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) and ECtHR case law as well as to contribute to strengthening of the values of respect for human rights, rule of law, and enforcement of Ukraine’s international obligations. In order to achieve these goals, there certain tools and techniques that are effective in basic courses on the ECtHR case-law were used. In particular, the use of interactive adult learning methods – mini lectures, filling the analytical framework, video review, express survey etc. The development of the workshops took place jointly with a scientific research in this field, specifically focused of the new Supreme Court jurisprudence, the best practices and lessons learned. The results of the research has been used for the workshop development with the help of the modern innovative tools. Key words: Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 (Convention of Abduction), international child abduction, place of ordinary residence, Article 8 of the ECHR, practice of the ECHR, judicial education, methodological support, workshop.

scholarly journals Sustracción internacional de menores. Asunto vinculado con Suiza y España. Comentario de la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra (Sección 1ª) núm. 52/2018, de 17 de abril = International child abduction. Case related with Switzerland and Spain. Comment on the judgment of the Spanish Court of Appeal of Pontevedra (Section 1) number 52/2018 of 17th April

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Carmen Azcárraga Monzonís
Keyword(s):  
Hague Convention ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
Habitual Residence ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Hague ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Hague Convention ◽  
Court Of Appeal

Resumen: Sustracción internacional a España de menor residente en Suiza en aplicación del Con­venio de La Haya de 1980 sobre los aspectos civiles de la sustracción internacional de menores. Discre­pancia sobre la residencia habitual del menor. No se aprecian motivos de no retorno.Palabras clave: sustracción internacional de menores, Convenio de La Haya sobre sustracción, Convenio de La Haya sobre responsabilidad parental y protección de menores, residencia habitualAbstract: International abduction to Spain of a minor residing in Switzerland under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction of 1980. Discrepancy about the habi­tual residence of the minor. No grounds for return denial are appreciated.Keywords: international child abduction, Hague Convention on Child Abduction, Hague Conven­tion on Parental Responsibility and Measures of the Protection of Children, habitual residence

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