scholarly journals Communication and Sensemaking in the Dutch Railway System: Explaining coordination failure between teams using a mixed methods approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Danny Schipper ◽  
Lasse Gerrits
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Indirect Communication ◽  
Coordination Failure ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Over Time

Early in 2014, the Dutch railway system spiralled out of control after traffic management was confronted with the decision to take four double switches and two rail tracks out of service. A lack of coordination between the responsible teams resulted in the decision to stop all traffic in one of the busiest parts of the network during the rush hour.  In this study we aim to understand why the teams in the Dutch railway system were not able to adopt a coordinated approach to reschedule rail services. To answer this question, we used a mixed-method approach by combining dynamic network analysis (DNA) with sensemaking. Our analyses show that a diverging framing of the situation accumulated over time, leading to inconsistent actions, incorrect assumptions and a lack of effective communication. Informal and indirect communication spurred uncertainty and promoted negative emotions, which eventually resulted in a conflict between the actors. We discuss the difficulties of managing ambiguous events in multi-team systems.

Leadership in a time of financial crisis: what do we want from our leaders?

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlene Haddon ◽  
Catherine Loughlin ◽  
Corinne McNally
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Crisis Leadership ◽  
Organizational Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Method Approach

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain a nuanced understanding of what employees want from leaders in an organizational crisis context. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a mixed methods approach to explore employee leadership preferences during organizational crisis and non-crisis times using the Multi Factor Leadership Questionnaire (Avolio and Bass, 2004), and qualitative interviews. The authors also investigate sex roles using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1981). Findings – The mixed method approach reveals some potential limitations in how leadership is typically measured. The qualitative findings highlight employees’ expectations of leaders to take action quickly while simultaneously engaging in continuous communication with employees during crisis. None of the components of transformational leadership encapsulate this notion. Originality/value – The mixed methods approach is novel in the crisis leadership literature. Had the authors relied solely on the quantitative measures, the importance of continuous communication during crisis would not have been apparent. As a result of this approach, the findings suggest that widely used and accepted measures of leadership may not adequately capture leadership in a crisis context. This is timely as it aligns with current literature which questions the way this construct is operationalized (Van Knippenberg and Sitkin, 2013).

scholarly journals Dynamic Network Analysis of COVID-19 with a Latent Pandemic Space Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3195
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Y. Chu ◽  
Thomas W. C. Chan ◽  
Mike K. P. So ◽  
Wing-Keung Wong
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Space Model ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Space Modeling ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Space Concept ◽  
Over Time

In this paper, we propose a latent pandemic space modeling approach for analyzing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic data. We developed a pandemic space concept that locates different regions so that their connections can be quantified according to the distances between them. A main feature of the pandemic space is to allow visualization of the pandemic status over time through the connectedness between regions. We applied the latent pandemic space model to dynamic pandemic networks constructed using data of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in 164 countries. We observed the ways in which pandemic risk evolves by tracing changes in the locations of countries within the pandemic space. Empirical results gained through this pandemic space analysis can be used to quantify the effectiveness of lockdowns, travel restrictions, and other measures in regard to reducing transmission risk across countries.

scholarly journals Housing Discrimination and Health: Understanding Potential Linking Pathways Using a Mixed-Methods Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshanak Mehdipanah ◽  
Jessica Ramirez ◽  
Shanti Abedin ◽  
Sherrill F. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Fair Housing ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Housing Discrimination ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach

Few studies have examined the impact of housing discrimination on health. This study explores potential pathways linking housing discrimination and health using concept mapping, a mixed-method approach. Participants included employees from twenty Fair Housing Organizations nationwide who participated in two online sessions, brainstorming, and structuring. Responses were generated representing biological, social, economic, and physical connections between housing discrimination and health. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, five clusters were identified: (1) Access and barriers; (2) Opportunities for growth; (3) Neighborhood and communities; (4) Physical effects of housing discrimination; and (5) Mental health. Clusters 1 (4.09) and 2 (4.08) were rated as most important for health, while clusters 2 (3.93) and 3 (3.90) were rated as most frequently occurring. These findings add to the limited evidence connecting housing discrimination to health and highlight the need for studies focusing on the long-term health effects of housing discrimination on individuals and neighborhoods.

scholarly journals Potential challenges in conducting clinical trials with mixed methods approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Muhamed Ibnas ◽  
M. Asim ◽  
B. Sathian
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Mixed Method Approach ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Method Approach

Background: Clinical trial is being conducted to assess the safety, efficacy and/or dosage regimen of a drug or therapeutic intervention in human subjects which are carefully selected on predetermined criteria. On the other hand, qualitative research is open-ended focuses on the depth of understanding of issues that are beyond the scope of quantitative analysis. Although, quantitative method is predominated in clinical research; over the past decade qualitative approach is being recognized for its value and unique contributions and is increasingly incorporated in clinical research. The combination of these two approaches in a single study is referred as Mixed Method design. Herein, we aim to explore the major challenges and pitfalls in conducting clinical trials with mixed method approach. Materials and methods: We reviewed the published literature in English language through the research engines (PubMed and Google Scholar) involving clinical trials/studies with mixed method approach to look for the potential challenges and issues identified during the conduct of mixed method research (MMR). Results: There are various issues in conducting clinical trials with mixed methods approach as it is time consuming, requires expertise, skills and methodological training for both quantitative and qualitative research. Also, there are a number of challenges observed while conducting MMR, such as obtaining informed consent, safety events reporting, data retrieval, study documentation, data confidentiality and storage, inappropriate integration and interpretation of the data as well as incorrect ordering, preferences and objective of each method. Conclusion: Use of hybrid approach in clinical trial can provide deeper understanding and insights of research question with higher validity and reliability. MMR has certain challenges which can be overcome by in-depth methodological training and collaboration. Therefore, strong collaboration between clinical and social scientists in necessary to design a competitive funding grant for mixed method research. Finally, integration and implementation of MMR is crucial for conducting pragmatic trials.

Evaluating business support measures: The Bayesian Network approach

Evaluation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Giffoni ◽  
Silvia Salini ◽  
Emanuela Sirtori
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Drivers Of Change ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Map Analysis ◽  
Method Approach

Traditional methods to the evaluation of business support consider the firm as a ‘black box’ and the main interest is to see to what extent a policy has produced the intended effects. The causal mechanisms that explain how certain effects are generated are not discovered. In this article we show the applicability of Bayesian Network Analysis in combination with theory-based evaluation as a new mixed-method approach to reveal the mechanisms, both expected and unknown, which explain the changes in a firm’s behaviour and economic performance due to public support. By combining graphical map analysis with statistical analysis, Bayesian Network Analysis reveals the interdependences between different drivers of change in firms so as to either confirm, deny or better qualify the theory of change of the policy.

scholarly journals Arresting Strategy Based on Dynamic Criminal Networks Changing over Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqing Yuan ◽  
Jinde Cao ◽  
Bila Xia
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Criminal Networks ◽  
Priority List ◽  
Variation Trend ◽  
Networks Structure ◽  
Over Time

We investigate a sequence of dynamic criminal networks on a time series based on the dynamic network analysis (DNA). According to the change of networks’ structure, networks’ variation trend is analyzed to forecast its future structure. Finally, an optimal arresting time and priority list are designed based on our analysis. Better results can be expected than that based on social network analysis (SNA).

scholarly journals Environmental Education Catalyzed by Tourism: Ecoliteracy Initiatives on the Coast of Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8501
Author(s):  
Nina Berman
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Environmental Literacy ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Kenyan Coast ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Over Time

The Diani-Ukunda area on the Kenyan coast is one of the main tourism centers of the country. Over time, individuals who originally visited the area as tourists have started sustainability initiatives that are in part funded through donor networks from abroad (drawing on individuals who visited the country initially as tourists). This essay explores select German initiatives in the educational sector that have emerged in the context of the area’s tourism industry. Diani Maendeleo Academy (a secondary school for girls) and the six primary and secondary schools known as Mekaela Academies collectively serve a significant portion of the population of the larger Diani-Ukunda area, including the hinterland extending widely into Kwale County. The study was designed to assess the schools’ approach toward sustainability and ecoliteracy, and centered on the following questions: 1. What kinds of sustainable practices are promoted in the select schools? 2. In what ways do students who attend these schools display environmental literacy? 3. Do these initiatives address UN SDGs, known as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)? The study follows an interdisciplinary mixed method approach and is based on interviews, survey instruments, research on ecoliteracy and educational policy, and fieldwork data from previous stays. Findings reveal a lesser-known dimension of tourism: namely, the successful pursuit of ESD in schools thriving in the context of tourism through an integrated approach towards teaching ecoliteracy.

scholarly journals Qualitative Methods and Visualizations in the Study of Friendship Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Bellotti
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Method Approach

One of the most powerful aspects of social network data is the fact that they can reproduce social relationships in a formal and comparable way. Relational matrices abstract from the hustle and bustle of everyday interaction, and systematise information in terms of presence or absence of ties expressing them in a directed or undirected, binary or valued form. While the formal approach represents an advantage of social network analysis, as it allows bracketing off the idiosyncratic and subjective content of social structures, the mathematization of the complex nature of social relationships has also been criticised for the lack of engagement with the subjective meaning and context of relationships. Such stream of critique has called for an increase of use of qualitative methods in social network research. The first goal of the paper is to address these critiques by rebalancing the argument and showing how social network analysis has always engaged with both formal and contextual aspects of social structures. The paper reviews some theoretical perspectives that discuss and systematise a mixed method approach, and explores the methodological advantages of using network visualizations together with qualitative interviews in the collection, analysis and interpretation of personal networks. The advantages of adopting a mixed method approach are illustrated over some examples of friendship networks of 23 single male and female people collected in Milan, Italy, in 2005. A classic name generator is used to reconstruct their egonets of friends, and the visualization is adopted as the input for in-depth interviews with specific attention devoted to the meaning of friendship relationships, the kind of resources they offer, the conflicts and constrains they entail, and how they have developed and evolved over time. By comparing information obtained respectively with name generators and in-depth interviews, the paper shows how the mix of data improves and specify the understanding of personal networks.

scholarly journals Women fishers in Norway: few, but significant

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Gerrard ◽  
Danika Kleiber
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Method Approach

Abstract Professional fishing and fisheries quota systems can affect women and men differently, yet gender analysis of quota systems is rare. In this article, we use a feminist framing and a mixed methods approach to examine the long-term gendered effects of the introduction of the 1990 quota system in Norway. Using statistics from the National Fishery Registry and the Directorate of Fisheries, we found that the number of women and men registered as fishers has declined since 1990 (an overall decline of 59%). Over this period, men have consistently outnumbered women among registered fishers (2.7–3.2% women), among boat owners (2.23% women in 2017) and particularly among owners of larger boats (> 11 m), which can have multiple quotas (0.35% women in 2017). However, changes in the age and geographic location among women fishers reflect changes to fisheries overall, as well as highlighting the gender-blind entry barriers that disproportionately impact women. In addition, contextualising statistical data with participant interviews conducted in North Norway, especially in Finnmark, enables us to examine more closely why the gender gap remains. This mixed method approach also identifies changes women and men working in fisheries have undergone, while also addressing women fishers’ political efforts to improve gender equity in Norwegian fisheries. Our study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of Norwegian coastal fishing, and particularly women’s small but significant presence.

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