scholarly journals Adiponectin and proteinuria in normotensive and hypertensive rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina da Silva ◽  
Dora Maria Grassi Kassisse ◽  
Filipy Borghi ◽  
Camila Morais ◽  
Priscila Cristina da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Systemic Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory adipokine produced by adipose tissue and its concentration is depressed in obesity and systemic arterial hypertension. Studies have established a relationship between the adiponectin plasma concentration and complications such as obesity and renal diseases. Proteinuria indicates renal dysfunction or infection and has a negative correlation with adiponectin plasma concentrations. The Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibited higher urinary protein concentrations when compared to Wistar rats (WIS). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluated the serum concentrations of adiponectin and its relation to proteinuria in these rats. The results indicate that WKY present a reduction in the adiponectin serum concentration when compared to WIS and SHR. The low production of adiponectin is related to proteinuria and to the heavy weight of these animals. SHR exhibit similar serum adiponectin levels to WIS, suggesting the hypertension as the responsible factor for the renal dysfunction.

Trace elements during the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Berthelot ◽  
C. Luthringer ◽  
A. Exinger
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spectrometry Technique ◽  
Trace Element Levels ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

1. Total plasma concentrations of bromine, copper, rubidium, selenium and zinc were measured in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar–Kyoto rats (WKY) of 5–20 weeks of age, using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometry technique. 2. Although plasma levels of bromine, rubidium, selenium and zinc varied at different ages when comparing SHR and WKY, their general evolution was similar. Copper levels increased more in SHR than in WKY. 3. These perturbations in trace element levels could perhaps participate in the establishment of hypertension in SHR, but could also be due to genetic differences between the strains, unrelated to the development of hypertension.

LH and PRL secretion in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuhei Hashimoto ◽  
Jun Arita ◽  
Fukuko Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Animal Groups ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto Rats ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Abstract. The pulsatile patterns of LH and PRL secretion, and effects of stress on these patterns were examined in ovariectomized normotensive Wistar, spontaneously hypertensive, and genetically matched normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. Judged by the overall mean of PRL concentrations, PRL levels in spontaneously hypertensive rats were not different from those in Wistar Kyoto rats, but the pulse amplitudes as well as the overall mean concentrations were significantly greater in both Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats than in Wistar rats. Increases in PRL release during immobilization stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats occurred earlier than in Wistar rats, but the peak levels were not different between the two animal groups, though significantly lower in Wistar Kyoto rats than in Wistar rats. Overall mean of LH concentrations was higher, but pulse amplitude was smaller in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in Wistar Kyoto rats, and in both groups significantly smaller than in Wistar rats. The decrease in LH release owing to stress was similar in all animal groups. A significant association between LH and PRL peaks was evident in all animals, although the rate of association was lowest in Wistar Kyoto rats. In conclusion, the central nervous system mechanisms for both LH and PRL secretion differ markedly in both spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats from those in Wistar rats, and no specific difference was found in spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with Wistar Kyoto and Wistar rats as controls.

scholarly journals Regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and Mas receptor by Ang-(1–7) in heart and kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Tan ◽  
Jingguo Wu ◽  
Hong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Mas Receptor ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Specific Regulation

Inter-regulation between components of the renin–angiotensin system is common, but little is known about the direct regulatory effects of Ang-(1–7) on expression of tissue ACE2 and the Mas receptor. Eighteen male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and 20 normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats were randomly allocated to four groups of 9–10 rats each and received either 24µg/kg per hour of Ang-(1–7) in saline or saline alone (5ml/h) by infusion for 14 consecutive days. Tail-cuff systolic blood pressures were recorded and ACE2 and Mas expression was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Cardiac and renal ACE2 mRNA was decreased in SHR. Although having no effects on blood pressure, Ang-(1–7) down-regulated cardiac ACE2 mRNA in normotensive rats (1.80 ± 0.27 vs. 5.89 ± 0.62, p < 0.05) but did not change renal ACE2. Ang(1–7) down-regulated cardiac Mas mRNA of Wistar rats only (2.50 ± 0.44 vs. 8.10 ± 1.33, p < 0.05), and renal Mas mRNA of SHR receiving Ang-(1–7) was decreased (0.44 ± 0.09 vs. 1.00 ± 0.17, p < 0.05). Results from Western blot tests were consistent with those from QRT-PCR tests. These results suggest organ-specific regulation of local ACE2 and Mas expression by continuous infusion of Ang-(1–7) which did not alter blood pressure of either SHR or Wistar rats.

Increased pressor responses to pressor agents in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Pressor reactivity to a variety of pressor agents after partial ganglionic blockade induced with hexamethonium was investigated in intact, in spinalized, and in chemically sympathectomized, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Responses of unanaesthetized 6-month-old SHR to noradrenaline, phenylephrine, and angiotensin after hexamethonium administration (32 mg/kg) markedly exceeded those of unanaesthetized, age-matched normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats (WKR). Responses of anaesthetized SHR to noradrenaline after hexamethonium administration (16 mg/kg) were also increased at the hypertensive stages but not at the prehypertensive stages, when compared with those of anaesthetized normotensive Wistar rats of respective ages. In spinalized and chemically sympathectomized preparations after hexamethonium administration (16 mg/kg), noradrenaline produced equal increases in blood pressure in 6-month-old SHR and WKR. It is suggested that the functional sympathetic nervous system is important for the hyperreactivity of intact SHR.

Excess oxygen delivery during muscle contractions in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lash ◽  
H. G. Bohlen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Muscle Contractions ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Tissue Po2 ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

These experiments determined whether a deficit in oxygen supply relative to demand could account for the sustained decrease in tissue PO2 observed during contractions of the spinotrapezius muscle in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Relative changes in blood flow were determined from measurements of vessel diameter and red blood cell velocity. Venular hemoglobin oxygen saturation measurements were performed by using in vivo spectrophotometric techniques. The relative dilation [times control (xCT)] of arteriolar vessels during contractions was as large or greater in SHR than in normotensive rats (Wistar-Kyoto), as were the increases in blood flow (2 Hz, 3.50 +/- 0.69 vs. 3.00 +/- 1.05 xCT; 4 Hz, 10.20 +/- 3.06 vs. 9.00 +/- 1.48 xCT; 8 Hz, 16.40 +/- 3.95 vs. 10.70 +/- 2.48 xCT). Venular hemoglobin oxygen saturation was lower in the resting muscle of SHR than of Wistar-Kyoto rats (31.0 +/= 3.0 vs. 43.0 +/- 1.9%) but was higher in SHR after 4- and 8-Hz contractions (4 Hz, 52.0 +/- 4.8 vs. 43.0 +/- 3.6%; 8 Hz, 51.0 +/- 4.6 vs. 41.0 +/- 3.6%). Therefore, an excess in oxygen delivery occurs relative to oxygen use during muscle contractions in SHR. The previous and current results can be reconciled by considering the possibility that oxygen exchange is limited in SHR by a decrease in anatomic or perfused capillary density, arteriovenular shunting of blood, or decreased transit time of red blood cells through exchange vessels.

scholarly journals Hyperbaric Oxygen Preconditioning Upregulates Heme OxyGenase-1 and Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Protein Expression in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Induced Postischemic Acute Kidney Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1382
Author(s):  
Jelena Nesovic Ostojic ◽  
Milan Ivanov ◽  
Nevena Mihailovic-Stanojevic ◽  
Danijela Karanovic ◽  
Sanjin Kovacevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

Renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Pathogenesis of postischemic AKI involves hemodynamic changes, oxidative stress, inflammation process, calcium ion overloading, apoptosis and necrosis. Up to date, therapeutic approaches to treat AKI are extremely limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) preconditioning on citoprotective enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins expression, in postischemic AKI induced in normotensive Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The animals were randomly divided into six experimental groups: SHAM-operated Wistar rats (W-SHAM), Wistar rats with induced postischemic AKI (W-AKI) and Wistar group with HBO preconditioning before AKI induction (W-AKI + HBO). On the other hand, SHR rats were also divided into same three groups: SHR-SHAM, SHR-AKI and SHR-AKI + HBO. We demonstrated that HBO preconditioning upregulated HO-1 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression, in both Wistar and SH rats. In addition, HBO preconditioning improved glomerular filtration rate, supporting by significant increase in creatinine, urea and phosphate clearances in both rat strains. Considering our results, we can also say that even in hypertensive conditions, we can expect protective effects of HBO preconditioning in experimental model of AKI.

scholarly journals Aging Additively Influences Insulin- and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction and Antioxidant Deficiency in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 676
Author(s):  
Kunanya Masodsai ◽  
Yi-Yuan Lin ◽  
Sih-Yin Lin ◽  
Chia-Ting Su ◽  
Shin-Da Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
No Production ◽  
Organ Bath ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Nos Inhibitors ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

This study aimed to investigate the aging-related endothelial dysfunction mediated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and antioxidant deficiency in hypertension. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and age-matched normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats (WKYs) were randomly divided into 24-week-old (younger) and 48-week-old (older) groups, respectively. The endothelial function was evaluated by the insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation of aortic rings via the organ bath system. Serum levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were examined. The insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was significantly impaired in both 24- and 48-week-old SHRs compared with age-matched WKYs and was significantly worse in the 48-week-old SHR than the 24-week-old SHR. After pretreatments of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) or NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors, the insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation became similar among four groups. The serum level of MDA was significantly increased, while the NO, catalase, and TAC were significantly reduced in the 48-week-old SHR compared with the 24-week-old SHR. This study demonstrated that the process of aging additively affected insulin- and IGF-1-mediated endothelial dysfunction in SHRs, which could be partly attributed to the reduced NO production and antioxidant deficiency.

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