An Assessment of the Influence of Socio-Economic Variables on Credit Accessibility by Smallholder Rice Farmers in Cameroon: A Case of the West Region of Cameroon

Abstract Background Policymakers generally lack sufficiently detailed health information to develop localized health policy plans. Chronic disease prevalence mapping is difficult as accurate direct sources are often lacking. Improvement is possible by adding extra information such as medication use and demographic information to identify disease. The aim of the current study was to obtain small geographic area prevalence estimates for four common chronic diseases by modelling based on medication use and socio-economic variables and next to investigate regional patterns of disease. Methods Administrative hospital records and general practitioner registry data were linked to medication use and socio-economic characteristics. The training set (n = 707,021) contained GP diagnosis and/or hospital admission diagnosis as the standard for disease prevalence. For the entire Dutch population (n = 16,777,888), all information except GP diagnosis and hospital admission was available. LASSO regression models for binary outcomes were used to select variables strongly associated with disease. Dutch municipality (non-)standardized prevalence estimates for stroke, CHD, COPD and diabetes were then based on averages of predicted probabilities for each individual inhabitant. Results Adding medication use data as a predictor substantially improved model performance. Estimates at the municipality level performed best for diabetes with a weighted percentage error (WPE) of 6.8%, and worst for COPD (WPE 14.5%)Disease prevalence showed clear regional patterns, also after standardization for age. Conclusion Adding medication use as an indicator of disease prevalence next to socio-economic variables substantially improved estimates at the municipality level. The resulting individual disease probabilities could be aggregated into any desired regional level and provide a useful tool to identify regional patterns and inform local policy.

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Maternal nutritional status (as measured by height, weight and BMI) in Bangladesh: trends and socio-economic association over the period 1996 to 2007

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015002839 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 1438-1445 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Masuda Mohsena ◽

Rie Goto ◽

CG Nicholas Mascie-Taylor

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Considerable Increase ◽

Substantial Reduction ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Economic Variables ◽

Maternal Nutritional Status ◽

Economic Association ◽

Education Of Women ◽

Socio Economic Variables

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse trends in maternal nutritional status in Bangladesh over a 12-year period and to examine the associations between nutritional status and socio-economic variables.DesignMaternal nutritional status indicators were height, weight and BMI. Socio-economic variables used were region, residency, education and occupation of the mothers and their husbands, house type, and possession score in the household.SettingBangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (1996, 2000, 2004 and 2007) were the source of data.SubjectsA total of 16 278 mothers were included.ResultsAll of the socio-economic variables showed significant associations with maternal nutritional status indicators. Regional variation was found to be present; all three indicators were found to be lowest in the Sylhet division. Upward trends in maternal height, weight and BMI were evident from no possessions to four possessions in households, and for no education to higher education of women and their husbands. Bangladeshi mothers measured in 2007 were found to be on average 0·34 cm taller and 3·36 kg heavier than mothers measured in 1996. Between 1996 and 2007 maternal underweight fell from nearly 50 % to just over 30 % while overweight and obesity increased from about 3 % to over 9 % (WHO cut-offs) or from 7 % to nearly 18 % (Asian cut-offs).ConclusionsThe study reveals that over the 12-year period in Bangladesh there has been a substantial reduction in maternal underweight accompanied by a considerable increase in obesity. It is also evident that malnutrition in Bangladesh is a multidimensional problem that warrants a proper policy mix and programme intervention.

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Impact of Socio-economic Variables on Teenagers’ Influence in Family Buying Decisions

Management and Labour Studies ◽

10.1177/0258042x15572427 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 349-364

Author(s):

Vakil Singh ◽

Sanjeev Kumar

Keyword(s):

Economic Variables ◽

Socio Economic Variables ◽

Buying Decisions

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Impact of E-Core Service Quality Dimensions on Perceived Value of M-Banking in Case of Three Socio-Economic Variables

International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction ◽

10.4018/ijthi.2017010101 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Savdeep Vasudeva ◽

Gurdip Singh

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Perceived Value ◽

Mobile Banking ◽

Service Usage ◽

Economic Variables ◽

Quality Dimensions ◽

Service Quality Dimensions ◽

Core Service ◽

Socio Economic Variables ◽

The Impact

This study addresses a research gap in mobile banking (M-banking) related to post service usage consumer behavior and aims to discover the impact of electronic core (e-core) service quality dimensions on the perceived value of service in relation to three socio-economic variables i.e. gender, age and income. The study attempts to identify whether the impact of these dimensions vary as per the difference in socio-economic demographics? Further, E-S-QUAL scale representing dimensions of e-core service quality is utilized and data collection is conducted from a survey of 600 mobile banking users of the Punjab State in India. The collected data is then put to test using Multiple Regression Analysis and Cronbach's alpha. Findings of the study reveal that different customers perceive these dimensions differently depending upon their demographics. This study has important implications for academic research related to e-service quality or to any one doing research in the field of M-banking.

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Willingness to Adopt the Recommended Practices of Organic Turmeric among Kandhamal Farmers of Odisha

Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology ◽

10.9734/ajaees/2021/v39i830628 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 80-87

Author(s):

Asish Panigrahi ◽

Satarupa Modak ◽

Chitrasena Padhy

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Practices ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Economic Variables ◽

Public And Private ◽

Willingness To Adopt ◽

Healing Property ◽

Socio Economic Variables ◽

Chemical Inputs ◽

High Level

Turmeric Cultivation is one of livelihood for the Kondh tribes of Kandhamal District of Odisha. These farmers were cultivating this crop with their traditional knowledge of crop practices without any intervention of chemical inputs. From the studies, it is found that farmers of the district were economically and educationally backward. Turmeric of Kandhamal is well known for its healing property, color, aroma etc. and received GI tag for its unique features. From the secondary data it was found that there were few public and private extension actors trying to promote organic recommended package of practices for Turmeric. And, to boost willingness among farmers towards recommended organic Turmeric various socio-economic variables might be responsible. In this view the present study was carried out (2020-21) in Kandhamal district of Odisha to understand attitude towards recommended organic Turmeric and socio-economic variables effecting willingness to adopt organic package of practices of Turmeric. It was found that turmeric growers had medium to high level of willingness to adopt the recommended agricultural practice. And among selected socio-economic variables respondent’s total family member, Members help in family farming and adult male had negative and significantly relationship with willingness to adopt the recommended agricultural practices of organic turmeric. Private extension actors and State Horticulture Department training were continually motivating them to adopt recommended agricultural practices of organic turmeric.

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Virulence Attributes of Clinical Candida glabrata (Sensu Stricto) Isolates in the West Region of Cameroon

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.9734/ajrid/2020/v5i330168 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-28

Author(s):

Claude Nangwat ◽

Thierry Kammalac Ngouana ◽

Aude Ngueguim Dougue ◽

Cyrille Levis Kountchou ◽

Alfred Itor Ekpo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Reference Strain ◽

Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Published Data ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

The West ◽

West Region

Background: Studies on the assessment of the virulence factors of C. glabrata sensu stricto strains are on the rise. This is partly due to the increase in recurrent C. glabrata infections that have contributed to increased mortality rates. Published data on the virulence characteristics of C. glabrata strains in Cameroon are very rare. Aims: This study aimed at assessing some virulence characteristics, including the capacity to form biofilms and hydrolytic enzymes (protease, esterase and phospholipase). Methods: Fifty-four (54) molecularly (MALDI-TOF) identified non-duplicate C. glabrata sensu stricto clinical isolates initially collected in a previous study, were used in the present study. These isolates were obtained from stool (S), urine (U), oro-pharyngeal (OPS) and cervico-vaginal (CVS) swabs of pregnant women, diabetic patients (both types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus), HIV/AIDS and other patients who had neither of these diseases. Phospholipase, protease, esterase and biofilm activities were assessed using previously described methods. Results: Our results revealed that our isolates were more able to produce phospholipase (37.04%) than they were able to produce protease (1.85%) and esterase (0%). The high producers of phospholipase (Pz < 0.7) originated mostly from oro-pharyngeal swabs (41.17%) of some diabetic patients and pregnant women. Also, all our isolates were formers of biofilm, most (74.42%) of which had lower (< 100%) biofilm formation activity compared to our reference strain. To be able to give a significant conclusion about the virulence characteristics of C. glabrata strains in the west region, we recommend that more studies be carried on a larger number of strains.

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