An Analysis of Domestic Research Applying the Multiple Streams Framework: Who Are Policy Entrepreneurs and How Does the Policy Window Open in Policy Change at the Central and Local Levels of Administration?

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-403
Author(s):  
Hyunjoo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Policy Window ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework ◽  
Local Levels

scholarly journals Decent Work in Scotland, an Agenda-Setting Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARTWIG PAUTZ ◽  
SALLY A. WRIGHT ◽  
CHIK COLLINS
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Policy Problem ◽  
Policy Window ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework ◽  
Scottish Government

AbstractThis article uses John Kingdon’s multiple streams framework as an analytical tool to consider how the policy issue of ‘job quality’, in the guises of ‘decent work’ and ‘fair work’, developed a ‘career’ in Scotland between 2013 and 2017. The aim is to understand why, despite the efforts of a variety of policy entrepreneurs and the openness of the Scottish Government to this policy problem, job quality did not arrive on the Scottish Government’s decision agenda. The article finds that the crucial ‘policy window’ did not open due to the 2016 ‘Brexit’ decision dramatically changing the political landscape.The article demonstrates the applicability of Kingdon’s framework for agenda-setting analysis in a parliamentary environment and constitutes a rare application of the framework to a ‘live’ policy issue.The authors were involved in a research and advocacy project on ‘decent work’ that was undertaken in Scotland during 2015 and 2016 and therefore were amongst the policy entrepreneurs seeking to place job quality on the Scottish Government’s agenda.

POLICY CHANGE – THE ROLE OF IDEAS AND POLICY ENTREPRENEURS

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Arwanto Arwanto ◽  
Wike Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Problem Framing ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Understanding policy process involves many distinctive approaches. The most common are institutional, groups or networks, exogenous factors, rational actors, and idea-based approach. This paper discussed the idea-based approach to explain policy process, in this case policy change. It aims to analyse how ideas could assist people to understand policy change. What role do they play and why are they considered as fundamental element? It considers that ideas are belong to every policy actor, whether it is individual or institution. In order to answer these questions, this paper adopts Kingdon’s multi streams approach to analyse academic literatures. Through this approach, the relationship between ideas and policy change can be seen clearer. Ideas only can affect in policy change if it is agreed and accepted by policy makers. Therefore the receptivity of ideas plays significant role and it emerges policy entrepreneurs. They promote ideas (through problem framing, timing, and narrative construction) and manipulate in order to ensure the receptivity of ideas. Although policy entrepreneurs play significant role, political aspects remains the most important element in the policy process. Keywords: policy change, ideas, idea-based approach, Kingdon’s multiple streams, policy entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Foreign Policy Entrepreneurs, Policy Windows, and “Pragmatic Engagement”: Reconsidering Insights of the Multiple Streams Framework and the Obama Administration's 2009 Policy Shift Toward Military-Run Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Haacke
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Politique Publique ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurship ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework ◽  
Policy Windows ◽  
John Kingdon

Abstract This article aims to contribute to the evolving dialogue between foreign policy analysis and public policy with reference to John Kingdon's multiple streams approach. It problematizes how one of the key concepts of MSA—policy windows—has been used in applications to foreign policy and suggests that policy windows may be more difficult to exploit than illustrations of successful foreign policy entrepreneurship indicate. Indeed, the article argues that policy windows can be either small or large; their size will likely differ not least because policy windows are situated within numerous contexts. With reference to instances of foreign policy redirection, the article highlights four such contexts: the placement and access of foreign policy entrepreneurs; the level of contestation surrounding a problematic but prevailing policy; geopolitical pressures; and ideas guiding foreign policy. The article moreover suggests that by contextualizing policy windows and considering also how contingency may affect policy windows, it seems possible to integrate insights from foreign policy analysis into current theorizing about foreign policy entrepreneurship drawing on the multiple streams framework. The empirical illustration examines the policy window that opened up for policy entrepreneurs to recast longstanding US policy toward military-run Myanmar as the Obama administration took office. Cet article a pour objectif de contribuer à l’évolution du dialogue entre Analyse de la politique étrangère et Politique publique en faisant référence à l'approche des courants multiples de John Kingdon. Il problématise la manière dont l'un des concepts clés de l'approche des courants multiples—celui de fenêtres politiques—a été utilisé dans des applications à la politique étrangère et suggère que les fenêtres politiques peuvent être plus difficiles à exploiter que les illustrations d'entreprise de politique étrangère réussie l'indiquent. En effet, cet article soutient que les fenêtres politiques peuvent être petites ou grandes ; leur taille sera susceptible de varier, notamment car elles interviennent dans de nombreux contextes. Il fait référence à des cas de réorientation de politique étrangère et met en évidence quatre de ces contextes : le placement et l'accès des entrepreneurs de politique étrangère, le niveau de contestation autour d'une politique problématique mais dominante, les pressions géopolitiques et les idées guidant la politique étrangère. Cet article suggère en outre qu'en contextualisant les fenêtres politiques et en prenant également en considération la façon dont la contingence peut affecter les fenêtres politiques, il semble possible d'intégrer les renseignements issus de l'analyse de la politique étrangère à la théorisation actuelle de l'entreprise de politique étrangère en s'inspirant du cadre des courants multiples. L'illustration empirique qu'il inclut est une observation de la fenêtre politique qui s'est ouverte aux entrepreneurs politiques pour remanier la politique américaine de longue date envers le Myanmar sous régime militaire lorsque l'administration Obama est entrée en fonction. El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir al diálogo en evolución entre el Análisis de la Política Exterior y la Política Pública con referencia al Enfoque de Corrientes Múltiples (MSA) de John Kingdon. El artículo problematiza la forma en que se ha utilizado uno de los conceptos clave del MSA (la ventana de oportunidad) en las aplicaciones a la política exterior y sugiere que las ventanas de oportunidad política pueden ser más difíciles de explotar de lo que indican los ejemplos ilustrativos de la política exterior empresarial. De hecho, el artículo sostiene que las ventanas de oportunidad política pueden ser pequeñas o grandes; su tamaño probablemente diferirá, entre otras cosas, ya que las ventanas de oportunidad se sitúan en numerosos contextos. Con referencia a los casos de reorientación de la política exterior, este artículo destaca cuatro de estos contextos: la ubicación y el acceso de los emprendedores de políticas exteriores; el nivel de impugnación que rodea a una política problemática pero predominante; las presiones geopolíticas y las ideas que guían la política exterior. Además, el artículo sugiere que al contextualizar las ventanas de oportunidad política y al considerar también cómo la contingencia puede afectar a las ventanas de oportunidad, parece posible integrar las ideas del análisis de la política exterior en la teorización actual sobre el esquema empresarial de la política exterior basándose en el marco de las corrientes múltiples. La ilustración empírica examina la ventana de oportunidad política que se abrió para que los emprendedores de políticas reformularan la antigua política de EE.UU. con respecto a cuando los militares gobernaron Birmania cuando la administración de Obama asumió el cargo.

scholarly journals Pay-for-performance in primary health care: A comparative study of health policymaking in England and New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Verna May Smith
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework

<p>England and New Zealand introduced pay-for-performance schemes in their primary health care systems, with incentives for general practitioners to achieve improved population-based health outcomes, between 2001 and 2007. These schemes were part of health reforms to change the relationship between the state and the medical profession, giving the state increased influence over the quality and allocation of publicly funded health care. Two schemes of differing size, scope and impact were implemented. This research takes a comparative approach to exploring each policymaking process, utilising quasi-natural experimental conditions in these two Westminster governing systems to test the relevance of Kingdon’s multi-theoretic Multiple Streams Framework and other theoretical approaches to explain policy variation and change.  The research documented and analysed the agenda-setting, alternative selection and implementation phases in the two policymaking processes and identified the key drivers of policymaking in each case study. A qualitative methodology, based upon documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with 26 decision-makers, leaders and participants, was used to develop the two case studies, providing rich descriptive details and rare insights into closed policymaking approaches as seen by the participants. From this case study evidence, themes were drawn out and reviewed for consistency with Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework as it has been interpreted and adapted by Zahariadis. The case study evidence and themes were considered in a framework of comparative analysis where patterns of similarity and difference were established. The utility of Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework in interpreting the case study evidence was assessed.  This analysis demonstrated that Kingdon’s Framework, as interpreted by Zahariadis, had high descriptive power for both case studies but failed to predict the patterns of non-incremental change observed or the importance of institutional factors such as ownership and governance arrangements for public services, interest group structure and historical antecedents seen in the two policymaking processes.  The research finds that the use of bargaining in England and not in New Zealand is the reason for major differences in speed, scope and outcomes of the two pay-for-performance schemes. Institutional structures in the general practice sub-system are therefore the primary driver of policy change and variation. These acted as enablers of non-incremental change in the English case study, providing incentives for actors individually and collectively to design and rapidly to implement a large-scale pay-for-performance scheme. The institutional features of the general practice sub-system in New Zealand acted as a constraint to the development of a large-scale scheme although non-incremental change was achieved. Phased approaches to implementation in New Zealand were necessary and slowed the delivery of outcomes from the scheme.  With respect to other drivers of policy change and variation, the role of individual actors as policy and institutional entrepreneurs was important in facilitating policy design in each country, with different types of entrepreneurs with different skills being observed at different stages of the process. These entrepreneurs were appointed and working within the bureaucracy to the direction of decision-makers in both countries. England and New Zealand shared ideas about the benefits of New Public Management approaches to public policymaking, including support for pay-for-performance approaches, and there was a shared positive socio-economic climate for increased investment in health services.  The research provides evidence that Westminster governing systems are capable of purposeful and orderly non-incremental health policy change and that Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework, which theorises policy formation in conditions of ambiguity, needs to be enhanced to improve its relevance for such jurisdictions. Recommendations for its enhancement are made.</p>

Analyzing open government policy adoption through the multiple streams framework: The roles of policy entrepreneurs in the case of Madrid

2020 ◽  
pp. 095207672093634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar A Ruvalcaba-Gomez ◽  
J Ignacio Criado ◽  
J Ramon Gil-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework

Open government is expected to promote important changes related to transparency, participation, and collaboration in the public sector. This article analyzes the open government policy-making process in Madrid. In order to explain the adoption process of open government as a public policy, this study uses the “multiple streams framework,” originally developed by Kingdon and recently elaborated on by Zahariadis and Herweg et al. Our empirical data, based on semi-structured interviews and qualitative and quantitative analysis provide evidence about the adoption of open government policy in the city of Madrid and help to illustrate some of the multiple roles that policy entrepreneurs play in the policy adoption process. Overall, this article offers insights on how and why open government is adopted into the public agenda of local governments. Also, this article highlights the importance of analyzing the roles of “policy entrepreneurs” and the duality of transparency and citizen participation in open government policies.

scholarly journals Research on Policy Change Based on Policy Process Theory—A Case on “Ban E-Bike” Policy in Guangzhou

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiying Su ◽  
Feng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Policy Network ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Advocacy Coalition ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Policy Termination ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework

Policy change includes policy innovation, policy succession, policy maintenance and policy termination, which involves result-orientation and process-orientation. The former focuses on scope and direction of policy change itself, and the latter are those factors affecting policy change. Based on policy process theory, multiple streams framework describes the pre-decisive process; advocate coalition and policy network theories explain interactive process from ideas and interests of different actors. Taking “ban e-bike” policy in Guangzhou as a case, to analyze why it arrived on government agenda by multiple streams framework, and explore policy process integrated advocacy coalition with policy network theory, could explain why the policy was repeatedly prohibited, why this policy change process was from single “ban riding” to more stringent “five bans”. Results show the reasons for policy maintenance and continuation that policy is inconsistent with relevant criteria, relative closed policy community, difficult to reconcile different beliefs between support-coalition and opposition-coalition, and lack interaction among network actors for differences in resource and power.

Multiple streams framework and logging policy change in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
B. Sotoudeh Foumani ◽  
M. Kolahi ◽  
S. Mohammadi Limaei ◽  
J. Fisher ◽  
T. Rostami Shahraji
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Hyrcanian Forests ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework

Categories of the ‘Art of the Impossible’: Achieving Sustainable Uniformity in Harmonised Legislation in the Australian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-381
Author(s):  
Guzyal Hill
Keyword(s):  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Advocacy Coalition ◽  
Policy Window ◽  
Open Policy ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Common ◽  
Distribution Of Powers ◽  
High Level

National uniform legislation links the federal distribution of powers achieved more than 119 years ago with the challenges and opportunities faced by Australia in an interconnected world. Over this span of time, developing national uniform legislation has been described as the ‘art of the impossible’. The main objective of this article is to critically examine the database of national uniform legislation with a view to applying public policy and federalist theory to explain how sustainable uniformity has been achieved. Rather than focusing on why an individual set of uniform Acts has not achieved a high level of uniformity or has diverged through unilateral amendment, this article examines national uniform legislation by analysing the factors at play. This approach allows the common patterns impacting sustainable uniformity to be identified. From among 84 sets of uniform Acts, four discernible links with theory have been found: (1) the ‘incrementalism and policy cycle’ model—to explain harmonisation that may take decades (31 sets); (2) the ‘multiple streams’ framework, explaining legislation that emerges as sustainably uniform from the outset due to an ‘open policy window’ (16 sets); (3) ‘pragmatic federalism’ solutions, such as skeletal legislation and the conferral of powers, which are developed in the course of inter-jurisdictional negotiations when uniformity is required but is particularly difficult to achieve (14 sets); and (4) the ‘advocacy coalition’ framework, which in contrast, explains situations where jurisdictions hold firm views about retaining diversity (23 sets). Developing and drafting national uniform legislation can become the ‘art of the possible’ with this improved understanding.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document