scholarly journals STUDI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PADAT KELAPA SAWIT

Konversi ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Andi Haryanti ◽  
Norsamsi Norsamsi ◽  
Putri Suci Fanny Sholiha ◽  
Novy Pralisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

Abstrak- Setiap tahunnya produksi kelapa sawit makin meningkat, sehingga akan terjadi peningkatan juga pada limbah kelapa sawit. Limbah kelapa sawit adalah sisa-sisa hasil tanaman kelapa sawit yang tidak termasuk dalam produk utama atau merupakan hasil ikutan dari proses pengolahan kelapa sawit. Limbah padat kelapa sawit dapat berupa tandan kosong, cangkang dan sabut, dimana pada 1 ton kelapa sawit menghasilkan limbah berupa tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebanyak 23% atau 230 kg, limbah cangkang sebanyak 6,5% atau 65 kg, sabut 13% atau 130 kg. Umumnya limbah padat industri kelapa sawit mengandung bahan organik yang tinggi sehingga jika penanganan limbah secara tidak tepat akan mencemari lingkungan. Pada tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai PLT biomassa, pupuk dan bioetanol. Untuk cangkang kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai karbon/arang aktif, pembuatan pupuk cair kalium sulfat, pengawet alami tahu, bahan bakar (biomassa), briket. Untuk sabut kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan penguat sifat mekanik komposit, fiber glass, pengolah limbah cair, pembuatan pulp, media tanaman alternatif, alternatif pengganti solar dan batubara sebagai bahan bakar pembangkit listrik. Masih banyak yang bisa di lakukan untuk pemanfaatan limbah padat kelapa sawit dengan dilakukan penelitian. Kata Kunci: limbah padat kelapa sawit, TKKS, cangkang kelapa sawit, sabut kelapa sawit Abstract- Each year, palm oil production increased, so that there will be an increase also in palm oil waste. Waste of palm oil crops are not included in the main product or a by-product of the processing of palm oil. Solid waste can be either oil palm empty fruit bunches, shells and fiber (coir), which on 1 ton of palm oil generates waste in the form of empty fruit bunches of oil pam as much as 23% or 230 kg, the waste shell as much as 6.5% or 65 kg, coir (fiber) 13% or 130 kg. Generally palm oil industrial solid waste contain organic matter so that if the improper handling of waste will pollute the environment. In the oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) PLT can be used as biomass, manure and bioethanol. For palm kernel shells can be used as a carbon/charcoal, liquid potassium sulphate fertilizer production, and natural preservatives. To coir (fiber) palm oil can be used as a reinforcing material for the mechanical properties of the composite, fiber glass, liquid waste processing, manufacture of pulp, media alternative crops, alternative to diesel and coal as fuel for electricity generation. There is still much that can be done for solid waste utilization of palm oil by doing a research.Keywords: solid waste of palm oil, EFB, palm kernel shells, fiber of palm oil

scholarly journals Potential of biomass residues from oil palm agroindustry in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 13008
Author(s):  
Dwi Ermawati Rahayu ◽  
Dutarama Nasarani ◽  
Wahyono Hadi ◽  
Budisantoso Wrjodirjo
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Oil Palm agroindustry is growing rapidly in Southeast Asia especially Indonesia and Malaysia. Based on GAPKI data, Indonesia's CPO production 2017 is 38.17 million tons and PKO of 3.05 million tons. Production activities in palm oil agro-industry in addition to producing PKO and CPOl produce solid waste from the plantation and palm oil mill, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) from the palm oil mill. The biomass waste of oil palm agro-industry comes from activities in plantations in the form of midrib, leaves and palm tree trunks. While from the palm oil mill produced solid waste in the form of palm kernel shells (PKS), mesocarp fibers (MF) and empty fruit bunches (EFB). The waste is classified as biomass residue that can be utilized so that it has added value. Biomass potential in Indonesia can be estimated from the productivity of oil palm. The volume of biomass is 5,5-8%, empty bunches 20-23%, palm fronds 13.5-15%, 15% palm fiber from 1 ton of fresh fruit bunches. The total potential of oil palm solid waste biomass in Indonesia 2017 is 20.07 million tons and POME is 23.7 million tons. The largest distribution of biomass is in Riau, North Sumatra, South Sumatra province.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bioaktivator Untuk Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Zainudin Zainudin ◽  
Abdul Rofik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
A Value

Palm oil is an export commodity of the plantation sector which began to develop rapidly in East Kalimantan with an area until 2017 reaching 1,192,342 Ha consisting of 284,523 Ha as plasma / smallholder plants, 14,402 Ha owned by SOEs as the core and 893,417 Ha owned by Large Private Plantation.Empty bunches (Tankos) are solid waste that is produced by palm oil mills in the process of managing palm fruit bunches into crude palm oil (CPO). In each processing 1 ton of fruit bunches will produce Tankos as much as 21-23%. Oil palm empty fruit bunches that are not managed properly will become waste that does not provide benefits. Compost technology using a local microorganism starter (MOL) can be used to produce quality organic fertilizer considering the process involves decomposing bacteria of organic ingredients. Compost technology from tankos waste is very possible to be developed, both at the level of farmers and private oil palm companies. This study aim to determine the potential of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as an bioactivator for composting oil palm empty fruit bunches, and to determine the chemical quality of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost with MOL bioactivator liquid waste as organic fertilizer. Through this research, it is expected that the palm oil mill's liquid waste can be utilized as a bioactivator for compost production and can be applied to the production of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost.This research was conducted for one year. The stages of the research are as follows: 1. Chemical analysis of POME waste, 2. Making LM POME, 3. Chemical analysis of LM POME, and 4. Making EFB Compost, and Chemical Analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost. Compost making using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications include: P0 = 0 ml / liter of water, P1 = 100 ml / liter of water, P2 = 300 ml / liter of water, P3 = 600 ml / liter of water, P4 = 900 ml / liter of water.The analysis showed that there was an increase in the chemical properties of POME after becoming an LM POME activator. Increased chemical properties such as phosphorus from 0.01 to 0.02, potassium from 0.19 to 0.27, and organic carbon from 0.90 to 1.30, but some chemical properties such as pH decreased from 7.20 to 3, 37 and nitrogen decreased from 0.37 to 0.05. The EFB compost analysis results showed that the highest pH was p2 with a value of 8.23, the highest organic C at p4 treatment with a value of 57.65, the highest total N at p3 with a value of 1.80, P2O5 the highest total at p3 with a value of 0.64, and the highest total K2O at p4 with a value of 2.68. 

scholarly journals Preparation of Activated Carbon Based on Oil Palm Waste for Ammonia Removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ivan Daniel ◽  
Rini Selly ◽  
Jasmidi Jasmidi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Palm Waste ◽  
Oil Palm Waste

The aim of this study Industri is to reduce ammonia concentration in tannery waswater using Oil Palm waste. Palm oil is one of the strategic industry that is engaged in agriculture (agro-based industry) that many develop in tropical countries such as Indonesia. Palm oil plantations produce solid waste, one of which is an empty bunch. and the palm oil processing industry produces the liquid waste of one of them ammonia. By looking at the opportunity how to cope with the waste of ammonia derived from the processing of palm oil by making biosorbents from solid waste of empty palm plants that utilization of empty waste plants is still not maximal. With some treatment and tested with BET to see the surface area and total volume of pores after and before the treatment of activated carbon.

scholarly journals STUDI ISOLASI DAN RENDEMEN LIGNIN DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmaja Simatupang ◽  
Andi Nata ◽  
Netti Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Ft Ir

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) is one of the solid waste generated by the palm oil industry that contain lots of fiber. Based from its chemical composition, TKKS has the potential to be used as a source of chemicals that lignin. Lignin can be used commercially as binders, adhesives, fillers, surfactants, polymer products, dispersants and other chemicals. This study used fiber powder TKKS cleared of extractive substances to extract them using benzene: 96% ethanol (2:1, v / v) for 6 hours. Fiber powder is then cooked with a variety of cooking 1,2,3 hours with the addition of NaOH variation of 10%, 15%, and 20% to obtain the black liquor, black liquor and dilution variations during lignin isolation. The results showed that the optimum yield of lignin obtained is 16.42% with 84.21% purity lignin in cooking 2 hour treatment with the addition of 20% NaOH and diluting the black liquor 1:2. The test results showed FT-IR has wavelengths lignin constituent functional groups in according with the standard lignin.

SOLID-LIQUID FERMENTATION PROCESS FOR SOLID WASTE PALM OIL PROCESSING

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siawa Setyahadi., dkk
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Liquid Fermentation ◽  
Rapid Decomposition ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Solid Liquid

The main elements contained in solid waste palm-called empty fruit bunches palm oil are 45-50% cellulose, 25-35% hemicellulose and lignin. Empty fruit bunches palm oil are used as compost feedstock in this study have a 56.49% of C-organic content, 0.34% of N-total, and 165.15 of C / N ratio.Solid waste oil palm is increasing in line with the needs of palm oil for household needs. While palm trees need a good fertilization in order to increase oil palm productivity. Traditionally, processing of empty fruit bunches palm oil to be composted,left on open land that will take a long time and vast land in accordance with its production capacity. By using solid-liquid fermentation is expected to occur with a rapid decomposition process with enzymatic hydrolysis and followed by higher temperature at 100 oC or 121oC. The result shows that, within 4 days of decomposition, a pH value between 6-8, the water content 70-80%, C content was decreased from 56% to 53-49%, increasing N-Total value start from 0, 34% to 0.9%, and decreased the C/N ratio from 165 to 58.keywords : empty fruit bunches palm oil, fermentation, compost, solid-liquid

scholarly journals Characterization and Analysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Waste of PT Kharisma Alam Persada South Borneo

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayah ◽  
Ikna Urwatul Wusko
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Organic Mass ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

Empty oil palm bunches are the largest solid waste produced from the palm oil industry processing. In processing 1 ton of fresh palm oil bunches, 230 Kg of empty palm oil bunches will be produced. Based on previous research, it is known that oil palm empty fruit bunches waste is proven to have a large amount of organic mass such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin. Organic content as mentioned is rich in benefits so that it can be used as raw material for making daily needs products ranging from food to complementary products such as household appliances, clothing and so on. For this reason, a study was conducted on the content of oil palm empty bunches originating from waste at PT. Kharisma Alam Persada. The characterization process was carried out using the SNI method 0128911992. From the research carried out it was found that the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content were 55.75%; 28.93% and 15.32% respectively. So that it is possible to be used as raw material for processing other products.

scholarly journals Alternative scenarios to utilise excess biogas in Palm Oil Mill

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novelita Wahyu Mondamina ◽  
Deni Rachmat ◽  
Mochammad Waris Tegar Laksono
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm Oil Mill is a factory which converts Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) to Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO). Within FFB converting processes, two types of waste are produced: 1)liquid waste and 2)solid waste. Liquid waste, named Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), contributes up to 60% of total FFB. Solid waste includes palm kernel shell and meal, fibre and empty fruit bunch gives in aggregate around 20% of total FFB. Initially, Palm kernel shell (PKS) is commonly utilised as fuel for boiler. Then in some mills, POME was additionally used as biomass for biofuel production (biogas) to support power supply in the mill. Biogas is utilised to generate electricity for Kernel Crushing Plant (KCP). Field observation data shows that electricity demand for KCP is 19.5 MWh/day or equivalent with 45% of total biogas production. The excess biogas, equivalent with 11,000 kWh/day, is flared. An alternative scenario instead of flaring is to use biogas as fuel for boiler. Thus, the previous fuel (PKS) could potentially be allocated for selling. Another scenario is to utilise excess biogas electricity generation to be distributed to staff houses near the mill. Therefore, this research study aims to calculate excess biogas that could be used for those scenarios: 1)Fuel substitution in the mill with different type of process, 2)Household electricity. Result shows that biogas demand in each scenario can supply 1) Minimum 2,900 kWh/day for non-processing hours and 6,436.65 kWh/day for processing hours, 2) Electricity for 557 houses/day.

PALM KERNEL SHELL AS AN ALTERNATIVE AGGREGATE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE CONCRETE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heny Purwanti ◽  
Titik Penta Artiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

Coarse aggregates commonly used in concrete are coarse natural aggregates, which are broken stones or gravel. Continuous rock exploration can cause environmental damage or even more severe ecosystem damage. Therefore it is necessary to substitute an alternative aggregate. Indonesia has the second largest oil palm plantation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in the world after Malaysia. Plantations are renewable resources, so palm oil is also potential to be used as an alternative to diesel fuel. Palm kernel shells are palm oil industry wastes which are generally underutilized. Palm kernel shells can be used as an alternative to coarse aggregate, because oil palm shells have the advantage of being hard, tough and good durability due to the high content of lignin and silica dioxide (SiO2), such as hard wood, but low cellulose content so it is not easy rot. The strength of the palm oil shell is quite good. In addition, the aggregate gradation also fulfills the requirements without a breakdown process, which has a thickness of 2-4 mm and a maximum width of 15 mm. The volume of oil palm shells is + 600 kg/m3, so it will produce significant light weight concrete. The concrete studied was concrete with a coarse aggregate of tenera palm kernel shells, with fine aggregates of natural sand, and a Portland Composite Cement (PCC), but the PCC content was reduced and replaced by FA which varied from 0%, 5%, 10 %, 15%, 20 and 25%. Concrete also added superplasticizer (SP). SP is used to reduce water use, because the shell absorbs water. SP levels also vary, namely 0%, 1%, and 1.2%. The weight of the volume of concrete with various levels of fly ash and SP is 1700-1800 kg/m3, so it can be classified as lightweight concrete. Increased FA levels will increase compressive strength, but only up to 10%, after which the strength decreases. Compressive strength of specimens with SP 0% and FA 10% is 17.92 MPa, for SP levels of 1% and FA 10% is 22.15 MPa, while for SP levels of 1.2% and FA 10% is 19.35 MPa . So that it can be concluded that the palm shell as bio-material (renewable resources) can be used as a substitute for natural coarse aggregates. The optimum fly ash level is 10%, and to reduce water use SP 1%. The use of oil palm shells as a substitute for gravel means reducing the waste of the palm oil industry, while reducing rock exposures. In addition, in Indonesia there are many areas where there are no rock sources while oil palm plantations are quite extensive.

scholarly journals The Damage Control of Liquid Waste Pumping Machines in Palm Oil Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Agustina Hotma Uli Tumanggor ◽  
Akhmad Syarief ◽  
Fendy Ari Atmana
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Maintenance Policies

X is a company that works in the field of oil palm plantations and has a palm oil production capacity of 60 tons per hour. The products of palm oil that have been produced are Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO). The various kinds of waste produced by the company as a result of the palm oil industry process are liquid waste, palm kernels, fiber and seed shells. Liquid waste is used as organic fertilizer for oil palm plantations which will be sent through a liquid waste pump machine. Damage that occurs to the liquid waste pump machine will inhibit the delivery of liquid waste to the plantation, thus affecting the yield of palm oil from the plantation itself. This study describes the application of repair and preventive maintenance policies for liquid waste pump machines by looking at the frequency of damage to the liquid waste pump engine and predicting the delivery of liquid waste to the pump engine for the next period as well as providing solutions for handling damage that occurs in the liquid waste pump engine. From the results of calculations on data processing, the results of how to control the causes of damage that occur in the liquid waste pump machine can be overcome by using the Preventive Maintenance Method within a period of 1 month and maintenance of every component in the liquid waste pump machine within 1 cycle, namely 357.27 hours with a repair time of 5.82 hours. Controlling other causes of damage is to add a filter to the liquid waste pool so that stones, leaves and liquid waste husks do not hinder the suction pipe of the liquid waste pump machine.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KATALIS NaOH PADA PROSES ISOLASI LIGNIN DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Masdayani Rambe ◽  
Andi Nata ◽  
Netti Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Ft Ir

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) is one of the solid waste generated by the palm oil industry that contain lot of fibers. Based from its chemical composition, TKKS has the potential to be used as a source of chemicals that lignin. Lignin can be used commercially as binders, adhesives, fillers, surfactants, polymer products, dispersants and other chemicals. This study used fiber powder TKKS cleared of extractive substances to extract them using benzene: 96% ethanol (2:1, v / v) for 6 hours. Fiber powder is then cooked with a variety of cooking 1,2,3 hours with the addition of NaOH variation of 10%, 15%, and 20% to obtain the black liquor, black liquor and dilution variations during lignin isolation. The results showed that the optimum yield of lignin obtained is 16.42% with 84.21% purity lignin in cooking 2 hour treatment with the addition of 20% NaOH and diluting the black liquor 1:2. The test results showed FT-IR has wavelengths lignin constituent functional groups in according with the standard lignin.

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