scholarly journals INVESTIGATED DYNAMICS OF ELIMINATION MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES OF INHALED IN GUINEA PIGS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
A. V. Nosarev ◽  
Ye. Ye. Abramenko ◽  
L. V. Kapilevich ◽  
Ye. Yu. D’yakova ◽  
V. S. Selivanova
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Long Course ◽  
Inhaled Nanoparticles

The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of histological changes in the guinea pigs respiratory tissues due the process of elimination after a long course of inhaled nanoparticles of magnetite. In the experimental animals lungs as a result of prolonged inhalation nanomagnetite developed an inflammatory reaction, the accumulation of Perls -positive cells. These changes were not even a month later, when the input of magnetite nanoparticles in laboratory animals.

scholarly journals THE PATHOLOGIC EFFECTS OF STREPTOCOCCI FROM CASES OF POLIOMYELITIS AND OTHER SOURCES

1917 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carroll G. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Streptococci cultivated from the tonsils of thirty-two cases of poliomyelitis were used to inoculate various laboratory animals. In no case was a condition induced resembling poliomyelitis clinically or pathologically in guinea pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits, or monkeys. On the other hand, a considerable percentage of the rabbits and a smaller percentage of some of the other animals developed lesions due to streptococci. These lesions consisted of meningitis, meningo-encephalitis, abscess of the brain, arthritis, tenosynovitis, myositis, abscess of the kidney, endocarditis, pericarditis, and neuritis. No distinction in the character or frequency of the lesions could be determined between the streptococci derived from poliomyelitic patients and from other sources. Streptococci isolated from the poliomyelitic brain and spinal cord of monkeys which succumbed to inoculation with the filtered virus failed to induce in monkeys any paralysis or the characteristic histological changes of poliomyelitis. These streptococci are regarded as secondary bacterial invaders of the nervous organs. Monkeys which have recovered from infection with streptococci derived from cases of poliomyelitis are not protected from infection with the filtered virus, and their blood does not neutralize the filtered virus in vitro. We have failed to detect any etiologic or pathologic relationship between streptococci and epidemic poliomyelitis in man or true experimental poliomyelitis in the monkey.

scholarly journals Histological changes caused by experimental Riedeliella graciliflora (Leg. Papilionoideae) poisoning in cattle and laboratory animals

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Riet-Correa ◽  
Silvana L. Górniak ◽  
Mitsue Haraguchi ◽  
Maria Lúcia Z. Dagli
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Germinal Centers ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Histological Changes

Tissues from cattle, mice, rats and guinea pigs experimentally intoxicated by Riedeliella graciliflora were studied histologically. Cattle lymph nodes, spleen, Peyer patches and peribronchial lymphoid tissues had diffuse necrosis of lymphocytes, mainly in the germinal centers of the follicles. This lesion was less severe in laboratory animals. All species had severe enteritis with infiltration of the lamina propria by mononuclear cells. Some cells in this infiltrate were necrotic. Degeneration and necrosis of the epithelial cells, mainly in the tip of the villi, and detachment of the epithelial lining from the lamina propria were also observed. In the liver the trabecular structure was disrupted and the hepatocytes had some degree of individual necrosis and degeneration. A tubular nephrosis was observed in the kidneys. Liver, lung, kidney, intestine and lymph nodes had different degrees of congestion. Those lesions are similar than those caused by Polygala klotzschii, a plant that contains 5-metoxi-podophyllotoxin.

scholarly journals REPARATION OF BONE TISSUE IN THE AREA OF OPEN FRACTURE CONSOLIDATION IN TUBULAR BONE IN LABORATORY ANIMALS. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Gordienko ◽  
N. A. Tsap ◽  
S. A. Borisov ◽  
I. E. Valamina
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Femoral Fracture ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Open Fracture ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Objective. Antibiotic prophylactics in surgery is a standard of medical care for many surgical interventions. It is “a very short course”: starts immediately before surgery and lasts no more than 24 hours after it. There were no any information found after a broad search on pathomorphology of consolidation zone in open fracture and morphometry of bone callus structures under various modalities of perioperative antibiotic prophylactics. Purpose. To find out reparation degree and inflammatory changes in bone tissue in the area of consolidation in open femoral fracture in experimental animals under various modalities of perioperative antibiotic prophylactics. Material and methods. 60 outbred male guinea pigs were taken into the experiment. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups, 20 individuals in each. Animals from Group I, so-called “AB-1”, were given antibiotics 30 minutes before surgery and then for 8 hours after it during one day. Animals from Group II, so-called “AB-3” were administered antibacterial drug for 3 days of postoperative period. Guinea pigs from Group III (Controls) had no antibiotic therapy. The modeling of femur open fracture was performed according to the developed methodology for modeling and treatment of open fractures of tubular bones in experiment. Results. When comparing reparative processes in AB-1 and AB-3 groups, similar regeneration processes in femoral fracture were noted. They were accompanied by: formation of endostal and periosteal callus with abundantly vascularized connective tissue; formation of significant amount of newly formed bone trabeculae; insignificant presence of leukocytes in the lumen of bone marrow canal, what may be explained by peculiarities of postoperative management of laboratory animals. In the Control group, growth of newly formed bone trabeculae was less intensive ( less by 16.3%); there also were 2-fold increase in connective tissue volume and actively proliferating zones of cartilage tissue. Conclusion. Thus, findings of morphological examination indicate that in the experimental group with short 24-hour perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, bone tissue consolidation had minimal inflammatory changes and better formation of new bone trabeculae.

A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EXOPHTHALMOS INHIBITING EFFECTS OF SODIUM-D- AND SODIUM-L-THYROXINE IN GUINEA PIGS

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Tengroth ◽  
Uno Zackrisson
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Optical Isomers ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Caloric Effect

ABSTRACT The general change in the connective tissues which occurs in animals with experimentally produced exophthalmos, consists in an increase in the amount of hyaluronic acid, which binds the water in the connective tissue. Many regard this process as a stimulation of the mucinous system in the connective tissues, and consider this an explanation of the phenomenon of exophthalmos. When the experimental animals are injected with thyroxine or thyroid extract, the reaction observed is opposite to that seen following the injection of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. In the former case, there is a reduction in the amount of hyaluronic acid and consequently a decrease in the water content in the connective tissues. In the experiments in question, Na-d-thyroxine and Na-l-thyroxine), in crystalline form, were tested for their inhibiting effect on the development of exophthalmos in experimental animals. The animals used were male albino guinea-pigs. An extract of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (TSH Organon)) was used to produce exophthalmos. In previous work (Tengroth 1961), it was shown, using an X-ray measuring technique, that d-thyroxine, despite its poor caloric effect, like l-thyroxine had an exophthalmos-inhibiting effect. When comparing the dose-response curves of the exophthalmos-inhibiting properties of both these optical isomers, it appears that d-thyroxine has an inhibiting effect which is significantly greater than that of l-thyroxine. The significance of this observation is discussed.

OVULATORY DISCHARGE OF GONADOTROPHINS INDUCED BY HYPOTHALAMIC STIMULATION IN CASTRATED MALE RATS BEARING A TRANSPLANTED OVARY

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Moll ◽  
G. H. Zeilmaker
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Hypothalamic Stimulation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Cumulus Oophorus ◽  
Dc Current ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Castrated young adult inbred male rats bearing ovarian transplants were subjected to electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus. This was done in order to investigate whether discharge of ovulatory amounts of gonadotrophins could be induced in such male animals by this procedure. Bilateral stimulations with unipolar electrodes and a DC current of 1.5 mA applied during 10 seconds induced in the ovarian grafts histological changes indicating the discharge of ovulatory amounts of gonadotrophins. In animals killed one day after stimulation these changes consisted of displacement of the ova towards the centre of the follicles with loosening of the cumulus oophorus. In one animal the ova had left the follicles. In animals killed three days after stimulation numerous young corpora lutea could be observed. These results were obtained with electrode tips either close to the median eminence, or in the preoptic area. Shamstimulations were ineffective. Some of the experimental animals received progesterone pretreatment. This rendered the stimulations ineffective, if continued until the day preceding stimulation, but seemed without effect on the results of stimulation, if two or three days without progesterone preceded the stimulations.

Features of the sensitivity of the central nervous system of the organism of experimental animals to the effects of certain psychotropic drugs and their combinations against the background of chronic alcohol intoxication in a chronopharmacological experiment

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
E.V. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Psychotropic Action ◽  
Adaptive Effect ◽  
The Central Nervous System

In a chronopharmacological experiment, the effect of two drugs with psychotropic action in combinations on the behavior of laboratory animals subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication was examined. Against the background of a deprimating agent, a decrease in the threshold of sensitivity to electrical irritation and the duration of an aggressive reaction was revealed; an increase in these indicators was established with a combination of a deprimating drug with an antioxidant. It has been shown that the antioxidant has a desynchronizing effect on the behavioral reactions of laboratory animals for two days, which indicates a pronounced adaptive effect. In the case of using combinations of a deprimating agent with an antioxidant, a decrease in the destruction of the histological structure of the myocardium against the background of chronic alcoholization was established.

scholarly journals Analysis of Aflatoxin Biomarkers in the Hair of Experimental Animals

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Innocent Mupunga ◽  
Ilse Janse van Rensburg ◽  
Nokuthula Luthuli ◽  
Ovokeroye A. Abafe ◽  
Leshweni J. Shai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Hair Analysis ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Hair Samples

Analysis of body fluids and tissues of aflatoxin exposed individuals for the presence of aflatoxins and aflatoxin metabolites has emerged as a reliable indicator of exposure and metabolism of aflatoxins. However, current aflatoxin biomarkers are not appropriate for investigating the long-term effects of aflatoxin exposure. In this explorative study, we investigated the analysis of hair as a complementary or alternative matrix for the assessment of biomarkers of long-term aflatoxin exposure. Three groups of guinea pigs were orally dosed with 5 ugkg−1bw−1, 50 ugkg−1bw−1, and 100 ugkg−1bw−1 of AFB1. Urine and hair samples were collected on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 30, 60, and 90 and analysed for AFB1 and AFM1 using UHPLC-MS/MS. AFB1 and AFM1 were detected in 75% and 13.6%, respectively, of the day 1 to day 7 urine samples. AFB1 was detected in hair samples collected from day 3 up to day 60. This is the first report to confirm the deposition of AFB1 in the hair of experimental animals. These findings indicate that hair analysis has the potential to provide an accurate long-term historical record of aflatoxin exposure with potentially important implications for the field of aflatoxin biomarkers.

XXXIV.—The Pathogenesis of Micrococcus melitensis

1909 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 537-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eyre
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Usual Laboratory

M. Melitensis is virulent to a greater or less degree for all the usual laboratory animals — guinea-pigs, rabbits, rats, mice, dogs, and monkeys — and by means of suitable passages its virulence for any particular species can be considerably exalted.

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