Possibilities of cytological diagnostics in gynecology. Human papillomavirus as an interdisciplinary problem

The article presents an analysis of current information on the etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis of human papillomavirus. It is shown that at the current stage of development of laboratory diagnostics there is a reliable screening test — cytological examination of smears taken from the ecto- and endocervix. To diagnose HPV, a combination of microscopic (cytological studies) and molecular genetic (PCR) diagnostic methods is used.

Irrigation therapy for acute rhinosinusitis: possible complications

Irrigation therapy is widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis. One of the methods of irrigation therapy is the Proetz method. This method has many contraindications and is associated with the development of a number of complications, which are not always taken into account by otorhinolaryngologists. We present a number of observations of complications associated with an uncontrolled pressure decrease in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Biocidal capabilities and application of recirculating bactericidal air irradiators in rooms with constant presence of medical workers

The article analyzes information and presents its own data on the microbiological effectiveness of bactericidal irradiators of recirculating air. Office and industrial air recirculators and bactericidal irradiators are becoming essential in today’s epidemiological environment. These devices destroy up to 100 % of bacteria and viruses that are in the air and pose a danger to the health of others.

The importance of timely diagnosis and replacement of medical equipment in healthcare institutions

The health care system around the world, both in developed and developing countries, is struggling with the problem of managing the provision of health care in conditions of limited resources. The availability and use of various medical equipment at all levels of the healthcare system were emphasized for the efficient and high-quality provision of services. The main purpose of this review article is to assess the availability and use of medical devices and identify the registered causes affecting the availability and use of medical devices in healthcare institutions.

Issues of safe correction of gastroduodenal symptoms during pregnancy

Extragenital diseases make a great effect on the complicated course of pregnancy and childbirth. The lack of pregravidar preparation and somatic diagnostics lead to miscarriage, preeclampsia, and placental disorders. Therefore, the development of various algorithms for the management of pregnant women suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the safe correction of various gastroduodenal symptoms, which is sometimes characteristic of the gestation period, are relevant. The purpose of the study: evaluation and critical analysis of modern data in the field of diagnosis and safe correction of various gastroduodenal symptoms during pregnancy. Materials and methods. Collection of modern Russian and foreign literature sources on the correction of gastroduodenal pathology during pregnancy, generalization and critical analysis of this problem. Results. Heartburn, constipation, flatulence are the most common complaints during pregnancy. The causes of their occurrence are physiological features during gestation, aimed at the most favorable gestation of the fetus. The first-line preparations are alginates created on the basis of alginic acid of brown alga. Antacids have a number of disadvantages. Proton pump inhibitors are prescribed extremely rarely and cautiously during pregnancy. In case of constipation in pregnant women, it is recommended to prescribe lactulose preparations together with defoamers. Prebiotics perfectly regulate the work of the intestine. The etiology, mechanisms of occurrence, clinical symptoms, differential diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnant women were analyzed. Its possible prognoses and risks for the mother and fetus, the possibilities of diagnosis and correction are determined. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in pregnant women cause difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. For the most optimal course of pregnancy, there are sufficiently effective gastroenterological drugs recommended so that the effect of treatment is maximized and the side effect is minimized.

Risk factors for developing renal amyloidosis

As a result of the literature review carried out by the authors, it was revealed that the pathogenesis of autoimmune diathesis, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid nephritis in children has a general immunopathological nature. However, autoimmune diathesis is an important risk factor for the onset and progression of rheumatoid arthritis and the subsequent development of renal amyloidosis based on immunopathological reactions in these patients.

Bacterial meningitis in the practice of a primary care physician. Clinical and immunological efficacy of recombinant interleukin-2 in the complex therapy of bacterial meningitis

The article analyzes the pathogenetic features of bacterial meningitis and substantiates the scheme of complex therapy of the disease using the recombinant cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2). The clinical, immunological and microbiological efficacy of the complex therapy scheme has been revealed. It has been shown that the pleiotropic effects of recombinant IL-2, its effect on the activity of metabolic processes at the cellular and subcellular levels, the ability to stabilize the system of lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, the ability to influence the processes of clonal proliferation and differentiation of T- and B-lymphocytes, make its use justified in complex therapy of meningitis.

Immunological features of chronic endometritis

Chronic endometritis is a clinical and morphological syndrome with a complex of morphological and functional changes in the endometrium, leading to a violation of the physiological cyclic transformation and receptivity of endometrial tissues. The treatment of chronic endometritis requires special consideration. Despite the progress of pharmacotherapy, there are significant methodological and practical difficulties. Cavitated solutions, low-intensity ultrasound effects, and photochromotherapy increase the effectiveness of the treatment of chronic endometritis and female infertility.

Foreign bodies in the nasal cavity in children

Foreign bodies in the nasal cavity in children are a fairly common reason for contacting an otorhinolaryngologist. Most foreign bodies can be removed quite easily. However, some cases are associated with significant difficulties in their searching and removing and require the use of special technical methods and general anesthesia. We present two cases of unusual foreign bodies in the nasal cavity in children.

Features of mental health and burnout syndrome in special education teachers of specialized educational institutions of school and primary vocational education

The article presents the results of a study of the psychological features of emotional burnout in 55 teachers— oligophrenic pedagogues. It was found that in this category of the surveyed, in comparison with teachers of mass educational institutions, there is a more frequent and early formation of burnout syndrome with a predominance of phases of stress and exhaustion, leading to pronounced psychological disorders.