scholarly journals Morphophenotypic predictor of the development of visceral obesity in patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Kornetova ◽  
V. V. Dubrovskaya ◽  
A. N. Kornetov ◽  
O. A. Lobacheva ◽  
S. A. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Definition Of

Objective:revealing the role of morphophenotypic indices in the development of visceral obesity in patients with schizophrenia receiving quetiapine and risperidone therapy.Materials and methods.56 indoor patients with schizophrenia who received quetiapine (n= 23) or risperidone (n= 33) at medium doses were examined. Included persons were from 18 to 65 years old with at least a 1 year history of disease, the condition of which met the criteria of schizophrenia according to ICD-10. The Basis map of sociodemographic and clinical-dynamic signs for patients with schizophrenia was filled in, PANSS in the adapted Russian version – SCI-PANSS, noninvasive bioimpedancemetry, measurement of growth, transversethoracic, biacromial and bicrystal diameter, with calculation of body mass indexes, Tanner and Rees – Eysenk and definition of integral morphophenotypic indicators were carried out. Statistical processing was performed using Student’s t-test with a preliminary estimate of Pearson’s χ2 normal distribution, the Mann – Whitney U test to compare independent samples, the Spearman correlation analysis, the two-sided Fisher test.Results.There were no significant differences in both subgroups in terms of bioimpedancemetry. The correlation between the level of visceral fat and the Rees – Eysenk index in patients receiving risperidone was a moderate inverse: the greater the value of the Rees – Eysenk index, the lower the level of visceral fat (r= –0.73381,t= –4.70833,p= 0.00015). The correlation between the Tanner index and the level of visceral fat in the quetiapine subgroup was strong: the larger the Tanner index, the higher the visceral fat level (r= 0.7763,t= 4.08481,p= 0.00181); in the risperidone subgroup, there was an average direct correlation (r= 0.48133,t= 2.39356,p= 0.02716).Conclusion.The magnitude of the Rees – Eysenk index of schizophrenic patients can be considered among other factors in the management of risperidone in individuals with asthenic physique. The determination of the Tanner index at the beginning of treatment can play the role of a prognostic factor in the development of visceral obesity in patients with schizophrenia in the planned use as a basic therapy for quetiapine.

scholarly journals Phenotypes of Sarcopenic Obesity: Exploring the Effects on Peri-Muscular Fat, the Obesity Paradox, Hormone-Related Responses and the Clinical Implications

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq A. Alalwan
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Definition Of

Sarcopenic obesity combines the words sarcopenia and obesity. This definition of obesity should be better differentiated between visceral and subcutaneous fat phenotypes. For this reason, this review lays the foundation for defining the subcutaneous and the visceral fat into the context of sarcopenia. Thus, the review aims to explore the missing links on pathogenesis of visceral fat and its relationship on age: defining the peri-muscular fat as a new entity and the subcutaneous fat as a first factor that leads to the obesity paradox. Last but not least, this review underlines and motivates the mechanisms of the hormonal responses and anti-inflammatory adipokines responsible for the clinical implications of sarcopenic visceral obesity, describing factor by factor the multiple axis between the visceral fat-sarcopenia and all mortality outcomes linked to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, polycystic ovary, disability and postoperative complications.

scholarly journals Obesity and hypertension: the role of criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
D P Tsygankova ◽  
K E Krivoshapova ◽  
S A Maksimov ◽  
E V Indukaeva ◽  
E B Shapovalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Obesity Index ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Relationship Of

Relevance. Obesity is the main independent risk factor for hypertension (AH). A close association of obesity with arterial pressure has been repeatedly identified in various ethnic, age and gender groups. A direct link between hypertension and various obesity criteria has been studied in many countries and ethnic groups, but the results of studies show that the criterion of obesity, which most accurately predicts the development of hypertension, has not yet been determined. Objective: to evaluate the relationship of different obesity criteria (BMI, WC, WC/HC, level of IV, IVO) to the level of blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension among the inhabitants of the Siberian region Materials and methods. It was surveyed 1600 people permanently living in the territory of the city of Kemerovo and the Kemerovo region. Statistical processing of data was carried out using the application programs Statistica 6.0. The presence of obesity by various criteria: body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WC/HC), waist circumference (WC), visceral fat (LV) level, visceral obesity index (IVO). Results. The prevalence of hypertension was 66.2% among men and 66.5% among women (p=0.886). In the obese group, the prevalence of hypertension varied in men from 75.6% (according to the BMI and WC/HC criteria) to 85.9% (visceral fat level), in women from 76.0% (according to WC/HC) to 94.0% (according to the level of visceral fat). In the presence of obesity, according to all the criteria studied, the percentage of a correctly predicted AH was 77.0%, using only one criterion, ranged from 72.7% (LV level) to 75.9% (WC), using two criteria - from 74.4% (BMI+LV level) to 76.3% (WC/HC+WC). Conclusions. The level of blood pressure was influenced by most of the obesity criteria studied, however, the greatest increase in SBP was recorded in the presence of obesity in terms of WC, DBP - in visceral fat. All obesity criteria studied (BMI, WC/HC, WC, IV level, IVO) showed a statistically significant effect on the likelihood of developing hypertension, but more so on BMI (obesity was associated with a 2.15-fold increase in AH).

Associative studies of polymorphic variants of adrenergic receptor genes and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
И.В. Пожидаев ◽  
Д.З. Падерина ◽  
О.Ю. Федоренко ◽  
А.С. Бойко ◽  
Е.Г. Корнетова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Polymorphic Variant ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
First Time

Адренергическая система, наряду с дофаминергической, серотонинергической и глутаматергической системами, играет важную роль в патофизиологии шизофрении и ответе на применяемую фармакотерапию. Тардивная или поздняя дискинезия (ТД) относится к серьезным побочным эффектам и может развиваться у больных шизофренией на фоне длительного использования антипсихотиков. Важная роль в патогенезе ТД принадлежит генетическим факторам. Целью настоящего исследования явился поиск возможных ассоциаций полиморфных вариантов генов ADRβ1 и ADRA1A с развитием ТД у больных шизофренией, получающих антипсихотическую терапию. Выборка составила 449 пациентов из русской популяции Сибирского региона с верифицированным диагнозом шизофрения, из которых 121 пациент соответствовал критериям ТД. Генотипирование полиморфных вариантов rs1801253, rs2036108, rs472865 генов ADRβ1 и ADRA1A проведено методом ПЦР в реальном времени амплификатором QuantStudio 5 с использованием наборов TaqMan. Ассоциативный анализ частот генотипов и аллелей оценивался с помощью критерия χ2 в программе R 3.6.2 с использованием базовых функций и дополнительного пакета SNPassoc. Распределение частот генотипов и аллелей для полиморфного варианта rs2036108 гена ADRA1A значимо отличается в группах пациентов с ТД и без побочного эффекта (для генотипов р = 0,028; для аллелей р = 0,040). Впервые была выявлена ассоциация полиморфного варианта rs2036108 гена ADRA1A с ТД у больных шизофренией. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования роли генов адренергических рецепторов в развитии ТД для разработки фармакогенетических подходов к персонализации терапии. The adrenergic system, along with the dopaminergic, serotonergic and glutamatergic systems, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and response to the applied pharmacotherapy. Tardive or late dyskinesia (TD) is a serious side effect and can develop in schizophrenic patients with prolonged use of antipsychotics. An important role in the pathogenesis of TD belongs to genetic factors. The aim of this study was to search for possible associations of polymorphic variants of the ADRβ1 and ADRA1A genes with the development of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy. We examined 449 patients from Russian population of Siberian region with verified diagnosis of schizophrenia. 121 patients from whole group met the criteria for tardive dyskinesia. Genotyping of the polymorphic variants rs1801253, rs2036108, rs472865 of the ADRβ1 and ADRA1A genes was performed by real-time PCR using a QuantStudio 5 amplifier using TaqMan kits. The associative analysis of the frequencies of genotypes and alleles was assessed using the χ2 test in the R 3.6.2 program using basic functions and an additional SNPassoc package. The distribution of genotype and allele frequencies for the rs2036108 polymorphic variant of the ADRA1A gene significantly differs in the groups of patients with tardive dyskinesia and without side effects (for genotypes p = 0.028; for alleles p = 0.040). For the first time, the association of the rs2036108 polymorphic variant of the ADRA1A gene with tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenic patients was revealed. Further studies of the role of adrenergic receptor genes in the development of tardive dyskinesia are required to develop pharmacogenetic approaches to personalizing therapy.

Challenges of Fear Conditioning Research in the Age of RDoC

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽  
Jan Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract. As the criticism of the definition of the phenotype (i.e., clinical diagnosis) represents the major focus of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, it is somewhat surprising that discussions have not yet focused more on specific conceptual and procedural considerations of the suggested RDoC constructs, sub-constructs, and associated paradigms. We argue that we need more precise thinking as well as a conceptual and methodological discussion of RDoC domains and constructs, their interrelationships as well as their experimental operationalization and nomenclature. The present work is intended to start such a debate using fear conditioning as an example. Thereby, we aim to provide thought-provoking impulses on the role of fear conditioning in the age of RDoC as well as conceptual and methodological considerations and suggestions to guide RDoC-based fear conditioning research in the future.

Business Model Literature Overview

2014 ◽  
pp. 79-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ales Novak
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Literature Overview ◽  
Ifrs 9 ◽  
Definition Of

The term ?business model' has recently attracted increased attention in the context of financial reporting and was formally introduced into the IFRS literature when IFRS 9 Financial Instruments was published in November 2009. However, IFRS 9 did not fully define the term ‘business model'. Furthermore, the literature on business models is quite diverse. It has been conducted in largely isolated fashion; therefore, no generally accepted definition of ?business model' has emerged. Therefore, a better understanding of the notion itself should be developed before further investigating its potential role within financial reporting. The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the perceived key themes and to identify other bases for grouping/organizing the literature based on business models. The contributions this paper makes to the literature are twofold: first, it complements previous review papers on business models; second, it contains a clear position on the distinction between the notions of the business model and strategy, which many authors identify as a key element in better explaining and communicating the notion of the business model. In this author's opinion, the term ‘strategy' is a dynamic and forward-looking notion, a sort of directional roadmap for future courses of action, whereas, ‘business model' is a more static notion, reflecting the conceptualisation of the company's underlying core business logic. The conclusion contains the author's thoughts on the role of the business model in financial reporting.

The Role of Moral Education on the Dress Code in the Higher Learning Institution

Sains Insani ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ira Meilita Ibrahim ◽  
Taufik A. Latif ◽  
Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar ◽  
Muthualagan Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Private University ◽  
Public University ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The advancement of European dress to the rest of the world was linked to the definition of civilization as “a stage of social development considered to be more advanced” and “polite and good-mannered”. The widespread of their fashion style in the 19th and 20th centuries influenced the way the rest of the world attire. The fashion trend and dressing style thus change the purpose of dressing through time. The dressing style in campuses especially in private institutions of higher learning is under particular scrutiny, as it is often said to be inappropriate for a learning environment. This study looked at the importance of moral education, and its role in implementing the dress code for students among university students especially between two types of university i.e. public university and private university. It looked on the dressing style of students, both male and female, and the factors that lead to their dressing pattern which is common among students. This study also advocated the students’ understanding of the content of dress codes in their learning institution and the role played by moral education in regard to dress code. The overall study highlighted students’ perception towards the implementation of the dress code and punishment in their learning institution. The methodologies used to carry out this study are questionnaires and interviews. This study will therefore ascertain the important of dress code among students at higher learning institution and the role of moral education in cultivating values in order to dress properly or decently. Key Words: moral education, dress code, higher learning institution, civilization.

1962-P: Role of Transcription Factor TCF21 in Adipocyte Progenitor Cells of Visceral Fat

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1962-P
Author(s):  
TAKUYA MINAMIZUKA ◽  
YOSHIRO MAEZAWA ◽  
HARUHIDE UDAGAWA ◽  
YUSUKE BABA ◽  
MASAYA KOSHIZAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Visceral Fat

Two Representations of the Moscow Art Theater Audience

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-476
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Ushkarev ◽  
Galina G. Gedovius ◽  
Tatyana V. Petrushina
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Definition Of

The technological revolution of recent decades has already brought art to the broadest masses, and the unexpected intervention of the pandemic has significantly accelerated the process of migration of theatrical art to the virtual space, causing the corresponding dynamics of the audience. What is the theater audience in the era of digitalization and the spread of alternative forms of cultural consumption? How does the theater build its relationship with the audience today? In search of answers, we conducted a series of sociological surveys of the Chekhov Moscow Art Theater’s audience — both at the theater’s performances and in the online community of its fans. The purpose of this phase of the study was to answer the fundamental questions: do spectators surveyed in the theater and those surveyed online represent the same audience; what are their main differences; and what are the drivers of their spectator behavior? The article presents the main results of a comparative analysis of two images of the Moscow Art Theatre’s audience based on a number of content parameters by two types of surveys, as well as the results of a regression analysis of the theater attendance. The study resulted in definition of the qualitative and behavioral differences between the theater visitors and the viewers surveyed online, and identification of the factors of theater attendance for both of the represented audience groups. The study made it possible to clarify the role of age and other socio-demographic parameters in cultural activity, as well as the influence of preferred forms of cultural consumption (live contacts or online views) on one’s attitude to art, motivation and spectator behavior. The conclusions of the study, despite the uniqueness of the object, reflect the general patterns of the modern art audience’s dynamics.

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