ABSTRACTNutrient Enhancement In Cereal Crops Using Actinobacterial EndophytesWheat high demand without sufficient production and Actinobacterial endophytes usage limitation inIndonesia motivated this research. The aim was to determine Actinobacterial endophytes effect on nutrientenhancement in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It was hypothesized that they can enhance wheat nutrient.The experiment stages were: 1) Pot-Trial I, confirming nutrient enhancement using Actinobacteria in 6 soiltypes; 2) Pot-Trial II, screening Actinobacteria strains; and 3) Field-Trial. The results showed thatActinobacteria effects varied for different nutrients and site based differences. In Pot-Trial I, different soiltypes significantly affected the manganese and zinc content (P=0.00 and P=0.01), but not inoculation ofActinobacteria nor the combination of them. Field Trials showed the same trends. Combination betweenthose treatments significantly affected manganese content (P=0.045). Nutrient analysis on xylem sap in PotTrials 2 only showed the value differences since there was insufficient collected volume to be statisticallyanalyzed. Zinc and iron contents were the highest in Actinobacteria EUM165 treatment and the highestmanganese content in Actinobacteria EN16. In conclusion, wheat nutrient content is affected byActinobacteria and different soil types but there was insufficient evidence to generally conclude that it canbe enhanced. They have their own effects and affected each other in enhancing nutrient content.Keywords: Nutreint, wheat, endophytic ActinobacteriaABSTRAKTingginya permintaan gandum tidak disertai produksi yang cukup, serta terbatasnya pemanfaatanActinobacteria endofit di Indonesia, melatarbelakangi penelitian ini. Tujuannya untuk mengetahuipengaruh penambahan Actinobacteria endofit terhadap nutrisi gandum (Triticum aestivum L.). Diduga,penambahan Actinobacteria endofit dapat meningkatkan kandungan nutrisinya. Tahapan penelitianmeliputi: 1) Uji-Pot I, mengonfirmasi peningkatan nutrisi gandum menggunakan Actinobacteria pada 6 jenistanah; 2) Uji-Pot II, menguji berbagai strain Actinobacteria terhadap peningkatan nutrisi gandum; serta 3)Uji Lapangan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Actinobacteria meningkatkan nutrisi gandum secara berbedatergantung nutrisi yang diuji serta jenis tanah yang digunakan. Pada Uji-Pot I, jenis tanah berpengaruhnyata terhadap kandungan mangan dan seng (P=0.00 dan P=0.01), tapi pemberian Actinobacteria maupunkombinasi keduanya tidak. Uji Lapangan menunjukkan hasil yang sama. Kombinasi kedua perlakuanmeningkatkan kandungan mangan secara signifikan (P=0.045). Analisis cairan xilem dari Uji-Pot IImenunjukkan perbedaan hasil tanpa uji statistik karena terbatasnya cairan yang dikumpulkan. Kandungantertinggi seng dan zat besi ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan Actinobacteria EUM165 dan mangan yang lebihtinggi oleh Actinobacteria EN16. Disimpulkan bahwa kandungan nutrisi tanaman gandum dapatdipengaruhi oleh pemberian Actinobacteria endofit serta perbedaan jenis tanah, namun tidak cukup buktiuntuk menyimpulkannya secara umum. Baik jenis tanah maupun Actinobacteria endofit memiliki pengaruhsendiri serta saling mempengaruhi terhadap kandungan nutrisi tanaman gandum.Kata kunci: Nutrisi, gandum, actinobacteria endofit
Quality Parameters, Nutrient Content and Uptake as Influenced by INM in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Saline and Non-Saline Irrigation Water
