scholarly journals Peningkatan Nutrisi Tanaman Serealia Menggunakan Actinobacteria Endofit

Agrikultura ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Enhancement ◽  
Pot Trial

ABSTRACTNutrient Enhancement In Cereal Crops Using Actinobacterial EndophytesWheat high demand without sufficient production and Actinobacterial endophytes usage limitation inIndonesia motivated this research. The aim was to determine Actinobacterial endophytes effect on nutrientenhancement in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It was hypothesized that they can enhance wheat nutrient.The experiment stages were: 1) Pot-Trial I, confirming nutrient enhancement using Actinobacteria in 6 soiltypes; 2) Pot-Trial II, screening Actinobacteria strains; and 3) Field-Trial. The results showed thatActinobacteria effects varied for different nutrients and site based differences. In Pot-Trial I, different soiltypes significantly affected the manganese and zinc content (P=0.00 and P=0.01), but not inoculation ofActinobacteria nor the combination of them. Field Trials showed the same trends. Combination betweenthose treatments significantly affected manganese content (P=0.045). Nutrient analysis on xylem sap in PotTrials 2 only showed the value differences since there was insufficient collected volume to be statisticallyanalyzed. Zinc and iron contents were the highest in Actinobacteria EUM165 treatment and the highestmanganese content in Actinobacteria EN16. In conclusion, wheat nutrient content is affected byActinobacteria and different soil types but there was insufficient evidence to generally conclude that it canbe enhanced. They have their own effects and affected each other in enhancing nutrient content.Keywords: Nutreint, wheat, endophytic ActinobacteriaABSTRAKTingginya permintaan gandum tidak disertai produksi yang cukup, serta terbatasnya pemanfaatanActinobacteria endofit di Indonesia, melatarbelakangi penelitian ini. Tujuannya untuk mengetahuipengaruh penambahan Actinobacteria endofit terhadap nutrisi gandum (Triticum aestivum L.). Diduga,penambahan Actinobacteria endofit dapat meningkatkan kandungan nutrisinya. Tahapan penelitianmeliputi: 1) Uji-Pot I, mengonfirmasi peningkatan nutrisi gandum menggunakan Actinobacteria pada 6 jenistanah; 2) Uji-Pot II, menguji berbagai strain Actinobacteria terhadap peningkatan nutrisi gandum; serta 3)Uji Lapangan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Actinobacteria meningkatkan nutrisi gandum secara berbedatergantung nutrisi yang diuji serta jenis tanah yang digunakan. Pada Uji-Pot I, jenis tanah berpengaruhnyata terhadap kandungan mangan dan seng (P=0.00 dan P=0.01), tapi pemberian Actinobacteria maupunkombinasi keduanya tidak. Uji Lapangan menunjukkan hasil yang sama. Kombinasi kedua perlakuanmeningkatkan kandungan mangan secara signifikan (P=0.045). Analisis cairan xilem dari Uji-Pot IImenunjukkan perbedaan hasil tanpa uji statistik karena terbatasnya cairan yang dikumpulkan. Kandungantertinggi seng dan zat besi ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan Actinobacteria EUM165 dan mangan yang lebihtinggi oleh Actinobacteria EN16. Disimpulkan bahwa kandungan nutrisi tanaman gandum dapatdipengaruhi oleh pemberian Actinobacteria endofit serta perbedaan jenis tanah, namun tidak cukup buktiuntuk menyimpulkannya secara umum. Baik jenis tanah maupun Actinobacteria endofit memiliki pengaruhsendiri serta saling mempengaruhi terhadap kandungan nutrisi tanaman gandum.Kata kunci: Nutrisi, gandum, actinobacteria endofit

scholarly journals Tracking Changes on Soil Structure and Organic Carbon Sequestration after 30 Years of Different Tillage and Management Practices

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Ramón Bienes ◽  
Maria Jose Marques ◽  
Blanca Sastre ◽  
Andrés García-Díaz ◽  
Iris Esparza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Wilting Point

Long-term field trials are essential for monitoring the effects of sustainable land management strategies for adaptation and mitigation to climate change. The influence of more than thirty years of different management is analyzed on extensive crops under three tillage systems, conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), and no-tillage (NT), and with two crop rotations, monoculture winter-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wheat-vetch (Triticum aestivum L.-Vicia sativa L.), widely present in the center of Spain. The soil under NT experienced the largest change in organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, macroaggregate stability, and bulk density. In the MT and NT treatments, SOC content was still increasing after 32 years, being 26.5 and 32.2 Mg ha−1, respectively, compared to 20.8 Mg ha−1 in CT. The SOC stratification (ratio of SOC at the topsoil/SOC at the layer underneath), an indicator of soil conservation, increased with decreasing tillage intensity (2.32, 1.36, and 1.01 for NT, MT, and CT respectively). Tillage intensity affected the majority of soil parameters, except the water stable aggregates, infiltration, and porosity. The NT treatment increased available water, but only in monocropping. More water was retained at the permanent wilting point in NT treatments, which can be a disadvantage in dry periods of these edaphoclimatic conditions.

scholarly journals Characterization of Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. x Triticum aestivum L. hybrid lines

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Prażak ◽  
Edyta Paczos-Grzęda
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Germplasm Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Simple Sequence

A study of four F5 and one BC1F1 <em>Aegilops kotschyi </em>Boiss. x <em>Triticum aestivum </em>L. hybrid lines was conducted to determine their quantitative morphological and qualitative features as well as a molecular investigation was carried out. Observations of ten quantitative traits showed that the F5 hybrid lines exhibited intermediate values between <em>Ae. kotschyi </em>Boiss. and <em>T. aestivum </em>L., or had similar traits to one of the parents. These hybrid lines had a significantly lower number and weight of grains per main spike, main spike fertility and 1000-grain weight than <em>T. aestivum </em>L. cv. ‘Rusałka’. The BC1F1 hybrid line was characterized by wheat-like fertility and phenotype. The F5 hybrid lines were characterized by much higher variability of the analysed morphological traits than <em>T. aestivum </em>L. cv. ‘Rusałka’. Grains of the hybrid lines had higher protein and micronutrient (iron and zinc) content than wheat grains. The presence of DNA fragments specific to <em>Ae. kotschyi </em>Boiss. in the genotypes of the hybrid lines was confirmed by seven ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) molecular markers. Two ISSR markers – ISSR23690 and ISSR33650 – were the most effective for germplasm analysis of the hybrid lines. The analysed lines can become a source material for improvement of common wheat <em>T. aestivum </em>L. in crossing programs.

ANNUAL WEED CONTROL WITH PARAQUAT IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER HERBICIDES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. O’DONOVAN ◽  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Key Words Wheat

Paraquat at 0.28 kg/ha effectively controlled barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ’Galt’), wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Neepawa’) and oat (Avena sativa L. ’Random’) in field trials conducted during 1982 and 1983. Grass control was excellent with paraquat and its activity was unaffected when it was applied in combination with either clopyralid, picloram, metribuzin, linuron, or chlorsulfuron. Slight reductions in paraquat phytotoxicity occurred in some instances when paraquat was applied in combination with commercially formulated mixtured of clopyralid plus 2,4-D, clopyralid plus MCPA or picloram plus 2,4-D, but grass control was still acceptable (90% or greater). However, a commercially formulated mixture of cyanazine plus MCPA consistently reduced the phytotoxicity of paraquat and rendered grass control unacceptable. Control of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. ’Candle’) with paraquat and most paraquat mixtures was excellent in 1982 but was poor and variable in 1983.Key words: Wheat, barley, oat, rapeseed, zero tillage, chemical summerfallow

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