scholarly journals Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Intestinal Intussusception by Open Lumina Technique in Dairy Heifers (Bos taurus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Sukhnandan Singh H. R. Bhardwaj ◽  
M. M. S. Zama Ankur Sharma ◽  
Pankaj Gupta Ashok Kumar ◽  
Kamal Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Intestinal Intussusception ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Colicky Pain ◽  
Rectal Palpation

The present study was conducted in ten dairy heifers (Bos taurus) suffering from intestinal intussusception. All these cases exhibited the clinical signs of bouts of colicky pain for 6-12 hours followed by anorexia and cessation of faeces. In all cases, the onset of disease was between 72-120 hours. Per-rectal palpation revealed spiral-shaped mass and distended intestinal loops. Ultrasonographically, distended loops, ileus, passive movement of ingesta and presence of peritoneal fluid were consistent findings. The diagnosis of intestinal intussusception was made on the basis of clinical signs, per-rectal palpation and trans-abdominal ultrasonography. Further it was confirmed on full abdominal right flank exploratory laparotomy. All the heifers were subjected for standing right flank laparotomy under linear infiltration of local anaesthesia followed by exteriorization and resection of intussucepted intestinal mass. The side-to-side entero-anastomosis was done by open lumina technique using gastro-intestinal anastomotic (GIA) stapled devices. Signalment, duration of surgery and anastomotic time were recorded in all cases. Thus, Intestinal intussusception in dairy heifers was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, per-rectal palpation, trans-abdominal ultrasonography which was further confirmed by full abdominal right flank exploratory laparotomy. The GIA staples applied for side-to-side entero-anastomosis by open lumina technique took less total surgical and anastomotic time. Moreover, there was reduction in tissue trauma/manipulation and in contamination by intestinal contents. The closure of bowel was easy and secured. GIA staples can be used effectively for entero-anastomosis in cattle affected with intestinal intussusception.

Intestinal lymphoma in a Boxer breed dog – case report

2019 ◽  
Vol XXIV (142) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Sayonara da Luz Ferro ◽  
Fernanda Jönck ◽  
Marta Cristina T. Heckler ◽  
Ewerton Cardoso ◽  
Mateus Rychescki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Intestinal Lymphoma ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Tissue Biopsy

Intestinal lymphoma is the second most common form of lymphoma in dogs. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic lymphocytes in the gastrointestinal tract or mesenteric lymph nodes. The chief clinical signs are vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia and weight loss. The diagnosis is made through fine needle aspiration and cytology, or by tissue biopsy and histopathology, and chemotherapy is the treatment of choice. We report a case of intestinal lymphoma in a five years old Boxer, presented with history of hematochezia and lethargy of 7 days duration, and 20 days of anorexia and persistent weight loss. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed free fluid in the abdominal cavity, and an intestinal mass. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and a tissue biopsy was performed. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of intestinal lymphoma, but the patient died during the surgical procedure.

Urine-Filled Large Prostatic Cystic Structure in Two Unrelated Male Miniature Dachshunds

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McGill ◽  
Kelley M. Thieman Mankin ◽  
Joseph Cyrus Parambeth ◽  
John Edwards ◽  
Audrey Cook
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
Unrelated Male ◽  
Prostatic Cyst

ABSTRACT A 1 yr old intact male miniature dachshund presented for posturing to urinate without voiding and nocturia. Physical examination revealed congenital reproductive abnormalities and a fluid-filled structure caudal to the urinary bladder. The dog was diagnosed with a prostatic cyst and underwent an exploratory laparotomy with an attempt to remove the cyst. Twelve weeks later, the dog returned with recurring clinical signs, and the cyst was found to have returned back to its original size. A second intact male miniature dachshund presented at 7 mo of age for stranguria. Physical examination revealed congenital reproductive abnormalities and a fluid-filled structure on rectal palpation, much like the first dog. The dog was diagnosed with a prostatic cyst and underwent an exploratory laparotomy. An attempt was made to close communication between the prostate and cyst. The dog re-presented 3 wk later for recurrence of clinical signs, and the prostatic cyst was found to have increased in size. Both dogs were euthanized because of recurrence of clinical signs. This report describes the presence of prostatic cysts in two young dogs with congenital abnormalities of the genital and reproductive tracts and the similarities seen in human boys diagnosed with prostatic utricles.

scholarly journals Hyperandrogenism associated with an ovarian remnant in a spayed female cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691988569
Author(s):  
Sarah A Jones ◽  
Scott L Owens ◽  
Stephen J Birchard
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Stimulation Test ◽  
Acth Stimulation Test ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hypoechoic Nodule

Case summary An 11-year-old female, reportedly spayed, domestic shorthair cat was examined for a 4-month history of weight loss, aggression, urine spraying, malodorous urine and estrus-like behavior. Physical examination revealed thickened skin, a mildly prominent vulva and confirmed malodorous urine. On abdominal ultrasonography, a 6 mm hypoechoic nodule was found in the left cranial abdomen. An adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test with adrenal panel revealed elevated serum concentrations of androstenedione and testosterone pre- and post-cosyntropin stimulation, mildly decreased cortisol pre- and post-cosyntropin stimulation, and decreased resting aldosterone. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and a cystic, nodular mass was found in the region of the left ovary. The mass was surgically removed and submitted for histopathology; results were conclusive for an ovarian remnant with an intact corpus luteum and non-neoplastic parovarian cysts. Previously observed clinical signs resolved within two weeks of ovariectomy. A follow-up ACTH stimulation test with adrenal panel 6 weeks postoperatively revealed normalization of serum androstenedione, testosterone and cortisol concentrations. Four years postoperatively, at the time of writing, the cat remains free of clinical signs. Relevance and novel information We are unaware of any previously reported cases of non-neoplastic ovarian remnants associated with clinically relevant hyperandrogenism. A non-neoplastic ovarian-dependent hyperandrogenism should be included as a differential diagnosis of spayed female cats showing aggression and urine spraying behavior.

Gallbladder and Liver Lobe Torsion in a Young Cat Presented with Hemoabdomen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre P. Picavet ◽  
Pierre-André Vidal ◽  
Géraldine Bolen ◽  
Kris Gommeren ◽  
Stéphanie Noël
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Liver Lobe ◽  
Surgical Stapler ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Gallbladder Torsion ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT An 11 mo old domestic shorthair presented with acute lethargy. The cat was hypothermic and bradycardic and had pale pink mucous membranes, poor pulses, and a distended abdomen. Point-of-care ultrasound identified significant abdominal effusion, which was diagnosed to be a hemoabdomen. Bloodwork revealed hyperlactatemia, regenerative anemia, neutrophilia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and increased alanine aminotransferase. The cat received an allotransfusion and a subsequent canine xenotransfusion and received further supportive therapy. After stabilization, abdominal ultrasonography diagnosed a gallbladder and liver lobe torsion with hemoabdomen. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed the torsion of the right medial and quadrate hepatic lobes together with the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy and lobectomy of the affected lobes were performed using a surgical stapler. The cat was discharged after 4 days. Histopathology confirmed hemorrhagic infarction of the liver lobes and gallbladder, consistent with the described torsion, and the hepatic pseudocyst. It also demonstrated a mucocele in the gallbladder. One month postoperatively, the cat had totally recovered. Hepatic lobe torsion without neoplasia is a rare disease in cats, with variable clinical signs. Gallbladder torsion is a hitherto unreported condition in cats. This is the first report of gallbladder and liver lobe torsion with secondary hemoabdomen in a cat, successfully treated by one-stage surgery.

scholarly journals Delayed Perforation of the Large Bowel due to Thermal Injury during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Polychronidis ◽  
AK Tsaroucha ◽  
AJ Karayiannakis ◽  
S Perente ◽  
E Efstathiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Hepatic Flexure ◽  
Temporary Ileostomy ◽  
Delayed Perforation

We report a case of delayed perforation of the large bowel because of thermal injury during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A 78-year-old male with symptomatic cholelithiasis underwent a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of multiple adhesions resulting from two previous cholecystitis episodes. The patient recovered well after surgery and was discharged on post-operative day 2. On postoperative day 10, the patient returned to the hospital with peritonitis. An exploratory laparotomy revealed perforation of the wall of the hepatic flexure of the large bowel, which was centred in a necrotic area 1 cm in diameter. The perforation was sutured and a temporary ileostomy performed, which was closed at a later date. The patient was doing well at a 10-month follow-up review. A delayed rupture of any part of the bowel after laparoscopic surgery can be potentially fatal if not treated during an emergency exploratory laparotomy, even if the clinical signs are not severe.

scholarly journals A Five Years Old Child with Failure To Thrive and Vomiting Presenting as a Diagnostic Dilemma: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (228) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Lamichhane ◽  
Rupesh Sharma ◽  
Ramana Rajkarnikar ◽  
Rubee Awale ◽  
Prapti Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Recurrent Vomiting ◽  
Colicky Pain ◽  
Band Failure

Vomiting with failure to thrive in older children is a diagnostic challenge due to the diversity in the diagnosis. We report a case of a five-years-old girl with failure to thrive, history of recurrent vomiting and intermittent colicky pain abdomen since 45 days of life. Intestinal malrotation with Ladd’s band was diagnosed based on clinical acumen, high- resolution computed tomography, barium follow through and intraoperative findings. Exploratory laparotomy with Ladd’s procedure was performed under general anesthesia which showed malrotation at the duodenojejunal junction with a short route of mesentery with floating caecum with Ladd’s band. Failure to thrive with malrotation of the gut in the older age group is rare in itself. As there are very few cases reported in this age group, so we undertook to report this case to increase the awareness of knowledge concerning the diagnosis and timely management to prevent the comorbidity of this condition.

scholarly journals RUPTURED HEPATIC HYDATID CYST : A RARE CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Syed Md Sharique ◽  
Mritunjay Sarawagi ◽  
Anjay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Hepatic Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Cyst Rupture ◽  
Hepatic Hydatid

Hydatid cyst rupture into abdomen is a serious complication in cystic hydatid disease of liver. Both microscopic or macroscopic rupture can occur and it is fatal without surgery. It is primarily caused by tapeworm (ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS) and occurs worldwide with an incidence of 200/100,000in endemic areas. This is a case of 28 yr. female presenting with sudden onset pain abdomen since 4 days. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrates ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst with free peritoneal fluid. She was managed in emergency operation theatre due to her clinical condition and exploratory laparotomy with omentopexy and toileting were done after fluid resuscitation, antihistaminic and corticosteroid treatment. Postoperatively she received antihelminthic treatment with Albendazol. She made a good recovery following surgery.

scholarly journals 243 PREGNANCY RATES IN THE FIELD AFTER THE TRANSFER OF BOVINE IVP EMBRYOS VITRIFIED BY THE CRYOLOGIC VITRIFICATION METHOD

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fry ◽  
C. Earl ◽  
K. Fry ◽  
W. Lindemans
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
User Friendly

Although large numbers of IVP embryos can be produced from donor cattle in a short period of time, commercial acceptance of the technology depends on the ability to cryopreserve these embryos and achieve a 50% pregnancy rate in large-scale embryo transfer programs. Many studies have reported low pregnancy rates of about 20% after the transfer of cryopreserved IVP embryos. We have developed the user friendly CryoLogic Vitrification Method (CVM) that vitrifies embryos on a solid surface at −196°C and warms them rapidly in a one-step procedure prior to transfer (Lindemans et al. 2004 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16, 174). We present an overview of the pregnancy rates in the field after vitrification of bovine IVP embryos by the CVM. The bos taurus IVP embryos in southern Australia (bT) and the bos indicus-based IVP embryos in northern Australia (bI) were produced by our standard TVR and IVP methodology (Fry et al., 2003 Theriogenology 59, 446). Pregnancy was determined by rectal palpation between Day 40 and Day 90 and differences between treatments were analyzed by chi-square. The development of the CVM has enabled the successful cryopreservation of bovine IVP embryos. In the laboratory the typical survival (90% re-expansion) and development (80% hatching) of IVP embryos post-vitrification is high and, as demonstrated here, the pregnancy rates after transfer are approaching commercially acceptable levels. However, further research is required to identify factors that may influence success under full field conditions, for both the IVP and the vitrification technologies. Table 1. Pregnancy rates for fresh IVP, CVM-vitrified IVP, and traditionally flushed embryos cryopreserved in glycerol

Evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of abdominal ultrasonography in dogs with clinical signs of acute pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 259 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-636
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gori ◽  
Alessio Pierini ◽  
Ilaria Lippi ◽  
Simonetta Citi ◽  
Tommaso Mannucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography

A CASE OF BILATERAL RENAL B-CELL LYMPHOMA WITH UVEITIS AND SECONDARY POLYCYTHEMIA IN A JACK RUSSELL TERRIER

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shu-Fang Yang ◽  
Heng-Leng Yang ◽  
Hui-Wen Chang ◽  
Yu-Han Hsieh ◽  
Peng-Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
General Physical ◽  
The Right ◽  
End Stage

An 8-year-old, castrated male, Jack Russell Terrier was presented with clinical signs of uveitis and glaucoma in the right eye (oculus dexter (OD)) for 2–3 months. Ophthalmic examination revealed OD episcleral congestion, corneal vascularization, aqueous flare, iris bombe, and vision loss. OD glaucoma and uveitis were under control by medical treatment. After 8 months, the dog had acute uveitis in the left eye (oculus sinister (OS)). General physical examination, blood examinations, radiography, and urinalysis were unremarkable. No improvement was observed after for 1 month of uveitis treatment, and more examinations were strongly suggested. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed several hypoechoic masses or cysts on both kidneys. Computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse nonenhancing hypodense patches in both kidneys. Renal tumor was highly suspected, but biopsy was declined by the owner. Ten days after CT examination, the dog suddenly developed anorexia, weakness, uremia, hyperkalemia, and polycythemia. The dog was euthanatized because of the worsening clinical condition, poor prognosis, and financial constraints, and both kidneys were biopsied for histopathology. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for B-cell marker (CD20) and negative for T-cell marker (CD3). Bilateral renal B-cell origin lymphoma was diagnosed by histologic and immunophenotyping examinations. In conclusion, bilateral renal lymphoma may be diagnosed with no systemic signs except bilateral uveitis. Renal function impairment was acutely developed with severe clinical signs at the end stage of the disease. Early, aggressive, complete examinations, and treatments are strongly recommended.

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