scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Differential Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis and Other Demyelinating Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
I. A. Krotenkova ◽  
V. V. Bryukhov ◽  
R. N. Konovalov ◽  
M. N. Zakharova ◽  
M. V. Krotenkova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is quite complicated, which is associated with its clinical features and the lack of unique confirmatory tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the ways to confirm the diagnosis and also makes it possible to establish a differential diagnosis with other demyelinating diseases and to exclude diseases that mimic MS. This review presents not only MRI criteria for MS and other diseases similar to the MRI pattern, but also additional clinical and laboratory data, without which it is impossible to make a correct diagnosis.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of non-tumorous multifocal brain lesions mimicking multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Krotenkova ◽  
V. V. Bryukhov ◽  
R. N. Konovalov ◽  
M. N. Zakharova ◽  
M. V. Krotenkova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is quite challenging due to its variable clinical manifestations and lack of a definitive test. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the tools to confirm the diagnosis and also helps in differential diagnosis with other disorders and in exclusion of MS-mimicking diseases. In this article, based on the analysis of clinical cases, we discuss the differential diagnosis of MS with the following non-tumorous multifocal brain lesions: vascular abnormalities caused by hypoxia and ischemia, cerebral autosomal dominant angiopathy with subcortical infarctions and leukoencephalopathy, Susac syndrome, primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and neurosarcoidosis. We present both MRI criteria for MS and disorders that have similar MRI signs, and additional clinical and laboratory data that is essential for correct diagnosis.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
I. A. Krotenkova ◽  
S. N. Morozova ◽  
V. V. Bryukhov ◽  
M. V. Krotenkova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosisis is rather difficult due to specifics of clinical performance and the lack of specific tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the ways to confirm MS, and also allows differential diagnosis with other diseases and rulling out other pathologies that can mimic MS. This article provides detailed information on visualization of demyelinating processes, as well as pathogenetic and clinical data, without knowledge of which correct diagnosis is impossible.

Exploring the overlap between multiple sclerosis, tumefactive demyelination and Baló’s concentric sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 986-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A Hardy ◽  
W Oliver Tobin ◽  
Claudia F Lucchinetti
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Baló’S Concentric Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The availability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has led to increasing recognition that multiple sclerosis (MS), tumefactive demyelination (TD) and Baló’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) share many overlapping features. Baló-like lesions, which exhibit limited features of BCS, may represent an intermediate between BCS and typical MS demyelination. Lesions labeled as tumefactive are typically larger, but otherwise have much in common with conventional MS lesions, and TD and BCS lesions can also overlap. In this article, we explore the similarities between typical MS, TD and BCS cases, and reflect on the potential insights that intermediate or overlapping phenotypes may contribute towards an understanding of MS immunopathogenesis, and question whether these atypical forms of demyelination should be classified as separate demyelinating diseases, as different lesional manifestations of demyelination of any cause or as part of a spectrum with conventional MS.

Voxelwise analysis of conventional magnetic resonance imaging to predict future disability in early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1585-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Wybrecht ◽  
Françoise Reuter ◽  
Wafaa Zaaraoui ◽  
Anthony Faivre ◽  
Lydie Crespy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Conventional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Changes

Background: The ability of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict subsequent physical disability and cognitive deterioration after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is weak. Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether conventional MRI changes over 1 year could predict cognitive and physical disability 5 years later in CIS. We performed analyses using a global approach (T2 lesion load, number of T2 lesions), but also a topographic approach. Methods: This study included 38 patients with a CIS. At inclusion, 10 out of 38 patients fulfilled the 2010 revised McDonald’s criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) evaluation was performed at baseline, year 1 and year 5, and cognitive evaluation at baseline and year 5. T2-weighted MRI was performed at baseline and year 1. We used voxelwise analysis to analyse the predictive value of lesions location for subsequent disability. Results: Using the global approach, no correlation was found between MRI and clinical data. The occurrence or growth of new lesions in the brainstem was correlated with EDSS changes over the 5 years of follow-up. The occurrence or growth of new lesions in cerebellum, thalami, corpus callosum and frontal lobes over 1 year was correlated with cognitive impairment at 5 years. Conclusion: The assessment of lesion location at the first stage of multiple sclerosis may be of value to predict future clinical disability.

scholarly journals Pulvinar sign in a case of anti-HU paraneoplastic encephalitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Luc Gamache ◽  
Maude-Marie Gagnon ◽  
Martin Savard ◽  
François Émond
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Paraneoplastic Encephalitis ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Work Up

This article reports the case of a 68-year-old patient with anti-HU antibodies paraneoplastic encephalitis. The clinical manifestations were atypical and the paraclinical work-up, notably the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing bilateral posterior thalamic hyperintensities (pulvinar sign), misleadingly pointed towards a variant Creutzfeld–Jakob disease. After presenting the case, the differential diagnosis of the pulvinar sign is discussed along with other important diagnostic considerations.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Cord Disease of Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Roger J. Packer ◽  
Robert A. Zimmerman ◽  
Leslie N. Sutton ◽  
Larissa T. Bilaniuk ◽  
Derek A. Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Surface Coil ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Correct diagnosis of spinal cord disease in childhood is often delayed, resulting in irreversible neurologic deficits. A major reason for this delay is the lack of a reliable means to noninvasively visualize the spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be useful in the evaluation of diseases of the spinal cord. A 1.5 Tesla MRI unit with a surface coil was used to study 41 children, including eight patients with intrinsic spinal cord lesions, eight patients with masses compressing the cord, 12 patients with congenital anomalies of the cord or surrounding bony structures, three patients with syrinxes, and three patients with vertebral body abnormalities. Intrinsic lesions of the cord were well seen in all cases as intrinsic irregularly widened, abnormally intense cord regions. MRI was helpful in following the course of disease in patients with primary spinal cord tumors. Areas of tumor were separable from syrinx cavities. Extrinsic lesions compressing the cord and vertebral body disease were also well visualized. Congenital anomalies of the spinal cord, including tethering and lipomatous tissue, were better seen on MRI than by any other radiographic technique. MRI is an excellent noninvasive "screening" technique for children with suspected spinal cord disease and may be the only study needed in many patients with congenital spinal cord anomalies. It is also an excellent means to diagnose and follow patients with other forms of intra- and extraspinal pathology.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in the analysis of ameloblastoma: report of two cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Neiandro Santos Galvão ◽  
Antonione Santos Bezerra Pinto ◽  
Alan Leandro Carvalho Farias ◽  
André Luiz Ferreira Costa ◽  
Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intermediate Signal Intensity ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor that shares clinical and imaging characteristics with other lesions of the jaws, such as odontogenic keratocyst, which makes the diagnosis difficult. However, in addition to radiographic and tomographic examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been increasingly used, contributing with relevant additional information about the differentiation between solid and liquid components of the lesion. This case report was conducted to present two variations of ameloblastoma and discuss the radiographic, tomographic and MRI contribution in the differential diagnosis between ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst.The signal intensity in T1-weighted MRI revealed internal fluid content in both cases, which was important in the differential diagnosis with other intraosseous lesions such as odontogenic keratocysts. This is probably due to the presence of keratin that increases the viscosity of the content and also for an intermediate signal intensity signal in T2-weighted MRI. Therefore, MRI revealed important internal characteristics of the reported lesions, which was very useful in the establishment of the differential diagnosis with other lesions.

scholarly journals Using magnetic resonance imaging in animal models to guide drug development in multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeela Nathoo ◽  
V Wee Yong ◽  
Jeff F Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Major advances are taking place in the development of therapeutics for multiple sclerosis (MS), with a move past traditional immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive therapies toward medications aimed at promoting remyelination or neuroprotection. With an increase in diversity of MS therapies comes the need to assess the effectiveness of such therapies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the main tools used to evaluate the effectiveness of MS therapeutics in clinical trials. As all new therapeutics for MS are tested in animal models first, it is logical that MRI be incorporated into preclinical studies assessing therapeutics. Here, we review key papers showing how MR imaging has been combined with a range of animal models to evaluate potential therapeutics for MS. We also advise on how to maximize the potential for incorporating MRI into preclinical studies evaluating possible therapeutics for MS, which should improve the likelihood of discovering new medications for the condition.

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