Effects of physical activity on prolactin and thyroid hormones

Thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, as well as the hormone of anterior pituitary gland prolactin, play an important role in various physiological processes in the human body. In high-stress situations, these hormones act to maintain homeostasis. One of the severe stressors is physical activity. Prolactin and thyroid hormones control the energy metabolism during physical activity, and are also an important link in adaptive reactions in response to physical activity.

Medicine and athletics evolution

The article discusses the most popular type of Olympic movement — athletics. All stages of athletics formation and development are highlighted and described.A connection from ancient athleticism to modern Olympism is described, including the problem of globalization of sports and medical supervision.From the very beginning, athletics has established itself as an international sport in which men and women from all over the world participate.New trends of the late XX — early XXI century have a serious impact on various areas of modern life, including the sports industry and the Olympic movement.The communication revolution has brought not only benefits, but also created new problems. Based on the study of athletics development, it has been established that the Olympic movement remains an important international institution working to strengthen mutual understanding and cooperation between peoples.Further, the International Olympic Committee notes the expansion of educational work to spread the Olympic values and ideals of sport.The article is devoted to topical issues of the Olympic movement, which have a significant impact on social processes.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity of the Republic of Mordovia population

This article provides an overview of data on the development of physical education and sports in the Republic of Mordovia and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity of residents. Possible approaches to the restoration of body resources after COVID-19 and the organization of physical education and sports are considered.

Laboratory features of cardiovascular injury in COVID-19 and other acute respiratory viral infections

The article presents data from a study of specific cardiac markers in patients with acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is characterized by cardiovascular injury. However, with other ARVIs, the prevalence of heart involvement is also high and, according to the literature data, is about 20%. At the same time, laboratory characteristics of these lesions have significant differences in ARVI and COVID-19, which necessitates different approaches to therapy.Aim. To determine the most significant markers for the diagnosis of cardiovascular involvement in patients with COVID-19.Material and methods. A total of 60 patients were included in the study: main group (n=30), COVID-19 was laboratory confirmed; comparison group (n=30), other ARVI pathogens were verified. The groups were completely comparable in sex, age and severity of disease course. The average values of troponin, creatine kinase MB, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and D-dimer were compared in patients of both groups in the acute disease phase, corresponding from 1 to 8 days from the symptoms’ onset. Data analysis was performed using a two-sided independent samples t-test using SPSS Statistics version 23.Results. The higher levels of troponin-I and D-dimer were significantly more common in the main group. The mean value of creatine kinase MB did not exceed the upper limits of reference values. There were no significant differences in NTproBnP levels between the groups. At the same time, in both groups, its level significantly exceeded the age reference values.Conclusion. The most effective markers of cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients should be considered troponin-I, D-dimer and NT-proBNP. Early diagnosis and laboratory monitoring in dynamics is important for the timely detection of cardiac pathology and alteration of therapy regimen.

Lymphatic self-massage for enhancing immunity during a pandemic

The article is devoted to the problem of improving immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the related effect of lymphatic self-massage.The article analyzes the general concepts of the lymphatic system and its functions, as well as lymphatic self-massage and its effect on cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.It is noted that the lymph flow stimulation through movements activates and normalizes the most important body functions. Using Skype, the authors surveyed medical students about knowledge on benefits and techniques of lymphatic selfmassage.Further, a master class was held on the technique of lymphatic self-massage. The authors studied the awareness of students about the benefits of lymphatic selfmassage, revealed a tendency to chronic diseases and assessed the benefits after the procedure.Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that viral infections, namely COVID-19, provoke one of the most common diseases — autoimmune thyroiditis. So, 64% of the respondents noted about it.Using lymphatic self-massage, the manifestations of this pathology decreases, the facial muscles relax and the blood and lymph outflow improves.Thus, there is an undoubted benefit of lymphatic self-massage for the prevention of diseases with immune involvement, including COVID-19.

Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosisis is rather difficult due to specifics of clinical performance and the lack of specific tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the ways to confirm MS, and also allows differential diagnosis with other diseases and rulling out other pathologies that can mimic MS. This article provides detailed information on visualization of demyelinating processes, as well as pathogenetic and clinical data, without knowledge of which correct diagnosis is impossible.

Immunological parameters for assessing the sports abilities of football players

The creation of diagnostic tests to determine and monitor an athlete’s adaptation resources is a relevant task.Aim. To determine the levels of natural anti-glutamate receptor and anti-GABA antibodies in the dynamics of physical activity during training of football players. To establish the predictive role of these indicators in the objectification of adaptation.Material and methods. The experimental group involved 33 football players aged 18 to 24 years. The control group (n=33) consisted of volunteers of the same age engaged in fitness. Determination of immunological parameters was carried out by solid-phase ELISA.Results. It was found that each subject has an individual immunological profile, the parameters of which change depending on load received. The measured levels of anti-glutamate receptor and anti-GABA antibodies are consistent with the physical activity of a football player. According to the analysis results, the athletes were divided into three groups. The subjects of the first one had reliably high immunological indices and was at the peak of physical activity. Low values of the third group indicated a fatigue. The second group levels were within normal range and demonstrated resource capabilities for the load.Conclusion. The revealed immunological markers are suitable for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of the athlete’s body functional state.

Treatment of recurrent cystitis during the post-COVID-19 recovery: a case report

In the modern literature on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), much attention is paid to patients with a severe clinical course. But no less important is the recovery after disease. The first wave outcomes showed the significance of recovery period in such patients. Intensive drug therapy of COVID-19 increases the risk of iatrogenic complications, while the often long-term healing process is associated with a decrease in immune response, which activates latent infections and opportunistic pathogens. This necessitates an individual therapy selection, especially for elderly patients with comorbidities. The drugs of choice in such a situation should be as effective and safe as possible.The paper presents a case report of managing recurrent cystitis that developed during the post-COVID-19 recovery. The need for an additional search and assessing the significance of the revealed etiology, an integrated approach with the appointment of a broad-spectrum antiviral drug and a bacteriophage therapy is presented.

Methodical guidelines for the functional status control and medical support of young female athletes in team sports. Part 1

Methodical guidelines are devoted to the functional status control and medical support of young female athletes in team sports and are intended for sports doctors and the coaching staff of teams.

Infant swimming: a contribution to children’s health

Nowadays, infant swimming is a rather relevant topic. Swimming has a beneficial effect on the child’s body as a whole, strengthening its nervous system and improving sleep, appetite, and adaptive capacity, as well as stimulating metabolism.Aim. To study infant swimming as a progressive direction in improving child health from birth to 3 years old. The objective was to study the importance of infant swimming, consider its main techniques, highlight indications and contraindications, conduct and analyze a survey among parents on this topic. Early start of swimming significantly improves the child’s health, or reduces the current health problems. The skill of independent swimming is not the main goal. The main goal is effective hardening, strengthening immunity and health, correcting identified abnormalities and stimulating proper development.The division of the education period of infants into stages is conditional and depends on the individual characteristics of a child. It is important to observe the basic hardening principles: consistency and graduality.Also, we conducted a survey of parents to study and understand their opinions on teaching swimming. Relevant conclusions were drawn from the results. The relevance of this topic and the need for more active promotion of infant swimming is evidenced by the fact that 69% of parents surveyed consider it necessary to provide home courses on infant swimming. Also, 84% spoke in favor of the need to open specialized centers for teaching swimming for children from birth to 3 years old.