scholarly journals An Empirical Study of Climate Change on Carbon Dioxide Emission in ASEAN 4: Vector Autoregression Exogenous (VARX) Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Panji Tirta Nirwana Putra ◽  
Lilis Yuliati ◽  
Endah Kurnia Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Empirical Finding ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is a phenomenon of environmental damage due to the increased intensity of carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere, which causes the surface temperature of the earth. The carbon dioxide emission is a form of environmental degradation caused by economic activities. This study analyzed the relationship of macroeconomic variables and the carbon dioxide emission in each of the four ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand). The used of macroeconomic variables (GDP, trade openness, energy consumption, and the exchange rate) is shown to explain the carbon dioxide emission. In this study, Vector Auto regression Exogenous (VARX) method is used to analyze the impact of economic activities on the movement of carbon dioxide emissions. The data used time series with a vulnerable time of the year 1981-2013. The estimation results from these studies show that the GDP variable has the greatest contribution to the dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions in each ASEAN 4 countries. This empirical finding suggests that economic activity has an influence on the growth of carbon dioxide emissions.

scholarly journals The analysis of the relationship between CO2 level and economic growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Szira Zoltán ◽  
Bárdos Kinga Ilona ◽  
Alghamdi Hani ◽  
Enkhjav Tumentsetseg ◽  
Erika Varga
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

2019 was Earth's second warmest year since 1850. In 2019 the global mean temperature was cooler than in 2016, but warmer than any other year explicitly measured. Consequently, 2016 is still the warmest year in historical observation history. Year-to-year rankings are likely to reflect natural fluctuations in the short term, but the overall pattern remains consistent with a long-term global warming trend. This would be predicted from global warming caused by greenhouse gases, temperature increase across the globe is broadly spread, impacting almost all areas of land and oceans. Climate change" and "global warming" are often used interchangeably but are of distinct significance. Global warming is the long-term heating of the Earth's climate system observed since the pre-industrial period as a result of human activities, mainly the combustion of fossil fuel, which raises the heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in the Earth's air. The term is often used interchangeably with the term climate change, as the latter applies to warming caused both humanly and naturally, and the impact it has on our planet. This is most generally calculated as the average increase in global surface temperature on Earth. Carbon dioxide emission is one of the main reasons for global warming. Since the Industrial Revolution, human sources of carbon dioxide emissions have been growing. Human activities such as the burning of oil, coal and gas, as well as deforestation are the primary cause of the increased carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere. In our research, let’s examine the relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide emissions and the GDP/capita in developed and developing countries.

Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Emission Reductions From Energy Efficiency Upgrades in Consideration of Climate Change and Renewable Energy Policy Initiatives Using eQUEST

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Sclafani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Emissions Reductions ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
The Impact

In January 2008 the Governor of Hawaii announced the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative; an initiative that aims to have at least 70 percent of Hawaii’s power come from clean energy by 2030 [4]. In July 2009, the Hawaii Department of Accounting and General Services awarded NORESCO, an energy service company, a $33.9M contract to improve the energy efficiency of 10 government buildings. The avoided utility cost of the energy and water savings from the improvements is the project funding mechanism. The energy savings realized by the project will reduce carbon dioxide emissions associated with utility power generation. However, as renewable energy becomes a larger portion of the utility generation profile through the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative, the carbon dioxide emissions reductions from specific energy efficiency measures may erode over time. This work presents a method of analysis to quantify the carbon dioxide emissions reduction over the life of a project generated by energy efficiency upgrades that accounts for both the impact of policy initiatives and climate change using DOE-2/eQUEST. The analysis is based on the fact that HVAC energy usage will vary with climate changes and that carbon dioxide emission reductions will vary with both energy savings and the corresponding utility’s power generation portfolio. The energy savings related to HVAC system energy efficiency improvements are calculated over the life of a 20 year performance contract using a calibrated DOE-2/eQUEST model of an existing building that utilizes weather data adjusted to match the predictions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The carbon dioxide emissions reductions are calculated using the energy savings results and a projection of the implementation of the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative. The emissions reductions are compared with other analysis methods and discussed to establish more refined expectations of the impact of energy efficiency projects in context with climate changes and policy initiatives.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis and Evaluation of the Technology Pathways for Carbon Capture and Utilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-512
Author(s):  
Simon P. Philbin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽  
The Impact

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is the process of capturing unwanted carbon dioxide (CO2) and utilizing for further use. CCU offers significant potential as part of a sustainable circular economy solution to help mitigate the impact of climate change resulting from the burning of hydrocarbons and alongside adoption of other renewable energy technologies. However, implementation of CCU technologies faces a number of challenges, including identifying optimal pathways, technology maturity, economic viability, environmental considerations as well as regulatory and public perception issues. Consequently, this research study provides a critical analysis and evaluation of the technology pathways for CCU in order to explore the potential from a circular economy perspective of this emerging area of clean technology. This includes a bibliographic study on CCU, evaluation of carbon utilization processes, trend estimation of CO2 usage as well as evaluation of methane and methanol production. A value chain analysis is provided to support the development of CCU technologies. The research study aims to inform policy-makers engaged in developing strategies to mitigate climate change through reduced carbon dioxide emission levels and improve our understanding of the circular economy considerations of CCU in regard to production of alternative products. The study will also be of use to researchers concerned with pursuing empirical investigations of this important area of sustainability.

Analysis of Avoided Carbon-Dioxide Due to Photovoltaic and Wind Turbine Technologies Displacing Electrical Peaking Facilities

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarod C. Kelly ◽  
Deepak Sivaraman ◽  
Gregory A. Keoleian
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Renewable Technology

Many studies that examine the impact of renewable energy installations on avoided carbon-dioxide utilize national, regional or state averages to determine the predicted carbon-dioxide offset. The approach of this computational study was to implement a dispatching strategy in order to determine precisely which electrical facilities would be avoided due to the installation of renewable energy technologies. This study focused on a single geographic location for renewable technology installation, San Antonio, Texas. The results indicate an important difference between calculating avoided carbon-dioxide when using simple average rates of carbon-dioxide emissions and a dispatching strategy that accounts for the specific electrical plants used to meet electrical demands. The avoided carbon-dioxide due to renewable energy technologies is overestimated when using national, regional and state averages. This occurs because these averages include the carbon-dioxide emission factors of electrical generating assets that are not likely to be displaced by the renewable technology installation. The study also provides a comparison of two specific renewable energy technologies: photovoltaics (PV) and wind turbines. The results suggest that investment in PV is more cost effective for the San Antonio location. While the results are only applicable to this location, the methodology is useful for evaluating renewable technologies at any location.

scholarly journals An outline economic strategy for Indonesia to sustainably meet its electricity and carbon emissions targets

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Les Duckers ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Economic Strategy ◽  
Electrical Generation

Aim:  In this paper we demonstrate an outline strategy for Indonesia to move its electrical generation from fossil fuels to renewable sources in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions whilst avoiding excessive costs. The modelling here is based on assumed present fossil fuel generating plants.Design / Research methods:  We have modelled a representative electrical generation system based on burning coal, oil and gas, and by replacing retiring stations with photovoltaic cells and wind turbines we have considered the cost and carbon dioxide implications over a 30 year period. Additionally the modelling is extended to increasing the Indonesian installed electrical capacity.Conclusions / findings:  The results show that Indonesia could meet its carbon dioxide emission reduction targets in an economic way by a phased strategy of introducing renewable energy sources. These results are preliminary and will be refined in a future article where we will include the detail of actual existing power stations, with their capacity and anticipated end of life date.Originality / values of the article: There has been, and continues to be, a general resistance to the adoption of renewable energy. This paper shows  the economic benefit that accompanies carbon dioxide reduction thus presents a new aspect to the consideration of carbon reduction, Implications of the research:Indonesia faces difficulties in providing electricity whilst meeting its climate change obligations. This research points to a viable economic strategy which may not only meet those obligations, but actually increase electrical provision across the country.Key words:  Sustainable development, climate change, carbon emissions, renewable energy JEL: C51,L94,Q01,Q42 Doi:

scholarly journals The relationship of economic growth and carbon-dioxide emissions: an application on member countries of Organization of Islamic Cooperation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-833
Author(s):  
Muhammed Veysel Kaya ◽  
Suat Serhat Yilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Gökhan Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Motivation: Humanity has benefited from natural resources in production activities throughout history and this pressure on natural resources has increased even more with the efforts of industrialization. In this process, people benefited heavily from fossil fuels in their production and distribution activities, thereby damaging the environment and the atmosphere to a large extent. With the destruction of the environment, it has become important for the countries and the academic circles to measure environmental damage with the increase of economic activities in order to take various measures. Aim: At this point, in this study, the relationship between economic growth and carbon-dioxide emissions was examined within the scope of 50 countries that are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). In this process, annual data of the countries concerned between 1995 and 2017 were used; Pedroni Cointegration Analysis, Granger Causality Analysis, Pooled Mean Group Estimator (PMGE) and Mean Group Estimator (MGE) methods were used to measure and estimate the relationship between these two variables. The causality analysis shows that the economic growth is the Granger cause of carbon-dioxide emissions in the country group studied. In addition, the coefficients obtained in PMGE and MGE analyzes were found as 0.43 and 0.33 and were statistically significant and positive. Then, with the help of Hausman Homogeneity Test, it was decided between the two estimators, and it concluded that PMGE Estimator is the more reliable estimator. Results: The results obtained with the PMGE estimator indicate that the 1% increase in economic growth increased carbon dioxide emission by 0.43%.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Agricultural Systems in the Brazilian Savanna

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Pereira de Souza ◽  
Elisandra Solange Oliveira Bortolon ◽  
Leandro Bortolon ◽  
Francelino Peteno de Camargo ◽  
Willian Sousa Silva Conceição ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Emission

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the CO2 emission potential of an Oxisol under integrated crop-livestock and no-tillage systems in the Brasilian Savanna; and to analyze the impact of soil temperature and soil moisture as factors that regulate the seasonality and the emission of C-CO2 in these systems. Field-scale study was carried out at Fazenda Brejinho, in Pedro Afonso-TO, under Oxisol. The production systems studied were integrated crop-livestock and no-tillage under cropped with soybean and corn. The amount of carbon (C) released from the soil in the form of CO2 (C-CO2) was evaluated using cylindrical chambers installed in the field with a vial containing sodium hydroxide to collect CO2 released from the soil (soil emission) in an interval of 15 hours. Five evaluations were conducted over crops growing season, started in 01/26 through 06/16/2015. Data were tested to analysis of variance and the means were compared with Duncan test at 5%. The emission of C-CO2 differed between treatments in all evaluation periods. On average, the temperature ranged from 26.5 to 27.7 °C, the soil moisture ranged from 12.2 to 15.7% and the C-CO2 emission ranged from 87.4 to 119.9 mg m-2 h-1. Temperature, soil moisture and the production systems contributed to the emission and seasonality of carbon dioxide emissions. The integrated crop-livestock cropped with soybean/corn rotation was the system that had the lowest carbon dioxide emission.

scholarly journals The effect of renewable energy on carbon dioxide emission in Taiwan: Quantile mediation analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 003685042110585
Author(s):  
Tzu-Kuang Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we propose an integrated method, called quantile mediation analysis, which combines quantile regression and mediation analysis, to examine the impact of renewable energy on carbon dioxide emissions, whether connected to or separate from through economic growth, from 1990 to 2018 in Taiwan. The results of this novel approach indicate that Taiwan's renewable energy did not affect carbon dioxide emissions through the mediation effect of economic growth from the period of 1990 to 2018, and that there is only a direct effect from renewable energy to carbon dioxide emissions at any distribution. Moreover, this result is remarkably different from the result of the traditional ordinary least square approach, which shows that Taiwan‘s renewable energy affects carbon dioxide emissions through the partial mediation effect of economic growth. In conclusion, we suggest that the Taiwanese government should increase the use of renewable energy in reducing local and global carbon dioxide emissions.

Gamification of global climate change: an experimental analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos A. Nastis ◽  
Eirini Grammatiki Pagoni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The global climate system poses important challenges for the perception and understanding of its functioning from policymakers and the general public. The aim of the paper is to model through gamification, the evolution of understanding regarding the dynamics of climate change and climate change adaptation. Using a framework with repeated feedback loops, the impact of the rate of carbon dioxide absorption by natural ecosystems, the stochastic nature of economic systems and the stochastic and irreversible nature of global climate are analyzed, with the Dynamic Climate Change Simulator with Stochastic and Irreversible Climate Change. The simulator game models one control variable, carbon dioxide emissions and one stock variable, carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere. In addition, the rate of carbon dioxide absorption by natural ecosystems is modeled, with business cycle shocks and climate change tipping points. The ability to control carbon dioxide concentrations to a goal level is evaluated and policy insights are provided about how learning about the dynamics of the Earth’s climate through gamification can be advanced.

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