scholarly journals PARA ALÉM DA CIDADE: UMA REFLEXÃO ACERCA DAS RELAÇÕES ENTRE POLÍTICA, EXCELÊNCIA E RACIONALIDADE EM ARISTÓTELES

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (121) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Richard Romeiro Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Political Life ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The City ◽  
Contemplative Life

Como se sabe, a Ética a Nicômaco de Aristóteles culmina na contundente afirmação de que a melhor forma de vida para o homem, a vida mais feliz e excelente, é não a vida engajada nos negócios e práticas da cidade, mas a vida consagrada ao exercício da atividade teorética ou contemplativa, a qual se impõe, assim, como o verdadeiro bem soberano e como um horizonte superior à vida política. O presente artigo busca examinar em que medida esse elogio da supremacia da vida contemplativa sobre a vida política, determinando uma forma de eudaimonía intelectual superior à ordem comunitária da cidade, aponta para a constituição, em Aristóteles, de um ideal de individualidade noética que transcende as fronteiras da pólis.Abstract: As it is known, AristotleÊs Nicomachean Ethics has its climax in the assertion of that the best way of life for man, i. e., the happiest and most excellent life for us, is not the life engaged in the business and practical affairs of the city, but the life dedicated to the exercise of theoretical or contemplative activity, which therefore imposes itself as the true sovereign good and as an axiological reference superior to political life. This paper seeks to examine how this praise of the supremacy of contemplative life above political life, determining a type of intellectual eudaimonia superior to the communitarian order of the city, points to the constitution in Aristotle of an ideal of noetical individuality that transcends the borders of the polis. 

scholarly journals Stoic Ethics as a Guide to the Political Life in Marcus Aurelius

Escritos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (61) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Bruno Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Roman Army ◽  
Natural Right ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
Simple Part ◽  
The Common ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Actions

Marcus Aurelius reigned from 161 A.D. to 180 A.D., and he ranks among the most successful emperors of the antonine dynasty. The success of his administration may be attributed to his philosopher personality and, more than that, to his stoic character. Meditations presents thoughts of a stoicism devotee, which reflects in moments of intimacy on the challenges that he faced throughout his life as an emperor. It is in the practice of the ethical precepts of stoicism that he finds his refuge. The text consists of a series of spiritual exercises which reaffirm the indifference to pleasures, contempt for fame, detachment from riches and abnegation for political power. This paper is a study of Meditations, and its main purpose is to elucidate how the stoic way of life is incorporated in the figure of the philosopher emperor; this, as a military function, as he was a commander of the Roman army in the war against the Nordics, where political virtue was tested. Amid the chaos of an insane struggle for the survival of Rome, he found in stoicism a precious source of inspiration. Marcus Aurelius was not dazzled by the cult of the emperor's personality; he acted for the natural right to freedom and guided his political actions for the common good. His stoic perseverance reveals itself in a harmonious conduct with the city, the rational and cosmic organism from which the emperor is a simple part.

Making the City Safe for Philosophy: Nicomachean Ethics, Book 10

1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristide Tessitore
Keyword(s):  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
Fundamental Tension ◽  
The City

The perennially problematic relationship between philosophy and politics, though recognized as an important theme in the Platonic corpus, is virtually ignored in the writings of his most famous student. This is not due to the absence of the problem but the deftness of Aristotle's treatment. Attentiveness to both the requirements of moral-political life and the nature of philosophy gives rise to the rhetorical design of the Nicomachean Ethics. In the final book of the Ethics Aristotle establishes the value of philosophy by placing his argument within a broader context that reveals to what extent moral and intellectual excellence can be regarded as similar and even complementary. Without actually denying the existence of a fundamental tension between the requirements of philosophy and civic virtue, Aristotle succeeds in winning an at-least-partial acceptance of philosophy on the part of those who are (or will be) most responsible for the welfare of the city.

scholarly journals LEO STRAUSS AND THE CHARACTER OF CLASSICAL POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (151) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Richard Romeiro
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Leo Strauss ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
The City ◽  
Contemplative Life ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Moral Demands

This paper aims to present Leo Strauss’s interpretation of the meaning of classical political philosophy. To this end, the paper will try to show how, for Strauss, classical political philosophy, emerging from the original conflict that opposes philosophic reason to the authorized opinions of the city, was organized as a fundamentally esoteric teaching that sought to make the practical and moral demands of political life, expressed exemplarily in the ideal of best regime, compatible with the defense of contemplative life as the most perfect and happy life for man.

A Nation of Philosophers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Legaspi
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Rational Theology ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Forms Of Life

Plato and Aristotle provided systematic accounts of wisdom in which virtue and ruling knowledge are keyed both to rational theology and to a scientific understanding of the cosmos. To be wise is to understand ethical and political life in a specific way, not as isolated venues for power, pleasure, and desire, but rather as aspects of life that accord with reality understood in its profoundest metaphysical dimensions. Disciplined knowledge of what is real, though difficult to attain, may be brought to bear on questions and problems of every sort. This profoundly holistic understanding of wisdom yields a kind of wisdom template, according to which other forms of life—including the distinctive way of life belonging to the Jews—may be understood and evaluated as wisdom programs. Greek thinkers like Hecataeus and Theophrastus did precisely this, opening a new path for Jews to present themselves collectively as bearers of wisdom.

Corruption and Inequality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Raimondi
Keyword(s):  
Free State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
The City

The chapter sets out the key terms and overall approach taken by Machiavelli to the problem of the cause of the corruption of a city and its inability to transform its orders. Only a republic can carry out this operation successfully because only a republic has as its goal the regeneration of the free and civil way of life, while the principality, even the civil principality, inevitably degenerates into tyranny. The possibility of re-establishing a free state in a corrupt city, therefore, only exists if it is not already a very corrupt city. If the city were in such a situation, the people would not be able to restore freedom since the principality leads to the emergence of the kingly state and from there to tyranny. Only after having brought virtue back to the city could its citizens create a well-ordered republic by equipping it with the necessary orders.

City Management and the Emerging Welfare State: Evolution of City Budgets and Civic Responsibilities in Montreal, 1931–1951

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Collin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Fiscal Crisis ◽  
Political Life ◽  
City Management ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
State Evolution ◽  
The City

The Great Depression of the 1930s transformed municipal political life in Montreal, as it did that in other major cities in North America. For one thing, the debate between populists and reformers was revived as the electoral scene underwent fundamental changes. In many cities, political machines running on patronage became more influential as the middle class began to desert the city for the suburbs. At the same time, the margin of budgetary maneuvering available to cities was shrinking, and local public finances were reduced. Municipalities that had been obliged to borrow to meet social needs resulting from the depression were faced with a prolonged fiscal crisis, which for many of them resulted in bankruptcy and trusteeship. This was Montreal's fate in 1940.

El pueblo de México y la política capitalina, 1808 y 1812

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Guedea
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Substantial Role ◽  
The People ◽  
New Nation ◽  
The City

Beginning in 1808 the people started to play a prominent role in the political life of Mexico. This article examines the significant growth of popular political participation in the City of Mexico during the period 1808-1812. In particular, it analyzes the substantial role that the people played in the elections of 1812, a role they would continue to play in the early years of the new nation.

scholarly journals Public Reveal: Finding a place for Civic Architecture in the Contemporary City.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amber Venter
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
City Council ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Civic Architecture ◽  
Design Case ◽  
Design Case Study ◽  
Design Proposal ◽  
The City

<p><b>This research is an architectural enquiry into how the visibility of local government can mimic the performance of everyday political life. Using the conceptual framework of place and understanding of the collective community. The intention of this design proposal is to encourage the transparency of local authority through an architectural intervention in the city.</b></p> <p>The driver of this research is the reduced physical presence of civic practices, with particular regard to the congregating place of local government. A framework is developed as a precursor to develop an understanding of the traditional civic architype. The aim is to reimagine a contemporary civic architecture which is detached from the corporate functions of local government. Architecture supports the celebration of collective rituals of movement and meeting.</p> <p>An archetype investigation formalises a set design criteria by which the design case study is evaluated against. The background research comprises a critique of the spatial arrangement of the traditional town hall. An additional background task is consisted of a comparative inquiry into today’s local government accommodation.</p> <p>The site is located in Tamaki Makaurau/Auckland City. The site analysis criteria utilised by this thesis is grounded in the research of Jan Gehl and his understanding of architectures impact on peoples’ behaviour in cities.</p> <p>Finally the design case study is driven by dynamic circulation, which establishes a celebration of the formal and informal interactions between the participants of local government. Transparency and hierarchy are used to challenge the spatial and functional qualities of Auckland City Council. The result of the research will contribute to the inclusive understanding of the ordinary rituals of local government through architecture in the city.</p>

scholarly journals Les Mairuuwas - Masters of Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond Waage
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Ethnographic Film ◽  
The City

‘LES MAIRUUWAS’ (The Masters of Water) is an ethnographic film about young male migrants and their dreams of succeeding in the city. The filmmaker has followed a milieu of water transporters in urban Cameroon over many years. The four men portrayed, are among the thousands uneducated poor, that annually migrates from the Central African Republic to Cameroon searching a better life. The film describes their daily struggles to make a living and create meaning in harsh and highly vibrant urban surroundings. We meet Coco the youngest of them, as he prepares to get his own room after years on the street. We follow Uncle as he strives to earn enough money to take care of his son. Abel expresses the felt stigma and his deeply desired wish for another way of life, after more than 15 years as a water transporter. Their belonging as a group and their possibilities to get work in the neighborhood is dramatically challenged when Bachirou is arrested.

scholarly journals Vuoret ja kaupunki vastakohtaisina tiloina Alisa Ganijevan teoksissa

2016 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Anni Lappela
Keyword(s):  
Central Element ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Real ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The City ◽  
Geographical Space

Mountains and City as Contrary Spaces in the Prose of Alisa Ganieva I analyze Alisa Ganieva’s novel Prazdnichnaia gora (2012) and her novella Salam tebe, Dalgat! (2010) from a geocritical (Westphal, Tally) point of view. Ganieva was born in 1985 in Moscow, but she grew up in Dagestan, in North Caucasia. Since 2002, she has lived in Moscow. All Ganieva’s novels are set in present-day Dagestan, not only in the capital Makhachkala but also in the countryside.  I study the ways the two main spaces and main milieus, the mountains and the city, oppose each other in Prazdnichnaia gora. I also analyze how this opposition constructs the utopian and dystopian discourses of the novel. In this high/low opposition, the mountains appear as the utopian place of a better future, and the city in the lowlands is depicted as a dystopian place of the present-day life. The texts’ multilayered time is also part of my analysis, which follows Westphal’s idea of the stratigraphy of time. Furthermore, the mountains are associated with the traditional way of life and the Soviet past. In this way, the mountains have two kinds of roles in the texts. Nevertheless, the city is a central element of the postcolonial dystopian discourse of Prazdnichnaia gora. In my opinion, Ganieva’s texts problematize referentiality, one of the key concepts of geocriticism. Whilst the city tends to be very referential, the mountains escape the referential relationship to the “real” geographical space.

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