scholarly journals Evolution and Collapse of Ejidos in Mexico: How Far is Communal Land Used for Urban Development?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Schumacher ◽  
Pamela Durán-Díaz ◽  
Anne Kristiina Kurjenoja ◽  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-Juárez ◽  
David A. González-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Private Sector Development ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
Rural World

The ejido system in Mexico based on communal land was transformed for private ownership due to neoliberal trends during 1990. This research describes the evolution of Mexican land policies that changed the ejido system into private development to answer why land tenure change is shaping urban growth. To demonstrate this, municipalities of San Andrés Cholula and Ocoyucan were selected as a case study. Within this context, we evaluated how much ejido land is being urbanized due to real estate market forces and what type of urbanization model is created. These two areas represent different development scales: S.A. Cholula where its ejidos were expropriated as part of a regional urban development plan; and Ocoyucan where its ejidos and rural land were reached by private developers without local planning. To analyze both municipalities, historical satellite images from Google Earth were used with GRASS GIS 7.4 and corrected with QGIS 2.18. We found that privatization of ejidos fragmented and segregated the rural world for the construction of massive gated-communities. Therefore, a disturbing land tenure change occurred during the last 30 years, hence this research questions the role of local authorities in permitting land use change without regulations or local planning. The resulting urbanization model is a private sector development that isolates rural communities in their own territories, for which we provide recommendations.

scholarly journals Evolution and Collapse of Ejidos in Mexico—To What Extent Is Communal Land Used for Urban Development?

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Schumacher ◽  
Pamela Durán-Díaz ◽  
Anne Kristiina Kurjenoja ◽  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-Juárez ◽  
David A. González-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Private Sector Development ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
San Andres

The ejido system, based on communal land in Mexico, was transformed to private ownership due to neoliberal trends in the 1990s. Based on the theory of stakeholders being agents of change, this study aimed to describe the land policies that changed the ejido system into private development to show how land tenure change is shaping urban growth. To demonstrate this, municipalities of San Andrés Cholula and Santa Clara Ocoyucan were selected as case studies. Within this context, we evaluated how much ejido land is being urbanized due to real estate market forces and what type of urbanization model has been created. These two areas represent different development scales with different stakeholders—San Andrés Cholula, where ejidos were expropriated as part of a regional urban development plan and Santa Clara Ocoyucan, where ejidos and rural land were reached by private developers without local planning. To analyze both municipalities, historical satellite images from Google Earth were used with GRASS GIS 7.4 (Bonn, Germany) and corrected with QGIS 2.18 (Boston, MA, US). We found that privatization of ejidos fragmented and segregated the rural world for the construction of massive gated communities as an effect of a disturbing land tenure change that has occurred over the last 30 years. Hence, this research questions the roles of local authorities in permitting land use changes with no regulations or local planning. The resulting urbanization model is a private sector development that isolates rural communities in their own territories, for which we provide recommendations.

From shrinkage to regrowth: changes, impacts and challenges for Leipzig, ‘city of extremes'

TERRITORIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Annegret Haase
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Large City ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Residential Change

This investigation focuses on Leipzig, one of the most prominent examples of a large city in eastern Germany that shrank during the 1990s and began growing again in the 2010s. What happened in those old, inner-city neighbourhoods especially affected by shrinkage, outmigration, abandonment and vacancy, as Leipzig's inner east and inner west were? The focus here will be on the field of housing, real estate market development and residential change; the new role of green spaces and greening strategies in a context of contested urban space; and the ‘fate' of spaces for interim uses and experimentation that had been established during the period of shrinkage. How and why did Leipzig shift from shrinkage towards new growth? What are the impacts of this change for different fields of urban development and policy? What can be learnt from Leipzig for a broader perspective?

Just Sustainability in the Global South: A Case Study of the Megacity of Dhaka

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Ahmed ◽  
Mahbubur Meenar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Global South ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Just Sustainability ◽  
Policy And Planning

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, accommodates 18 million people and is one of the largest megacities in the world. A large share of its population is poor and lives in informal settlements which can be called slums. In addition to precarious and unhealthy living conditions, these slum dwellers lack formal land tenure rights and therefore are subject to government-supported evictions. Slum evictions due to various urban development pressures may bring short-term benefits to the urban real estate market but have adverse long-term effects on sustainability and livelihoods of the city’s poor residents. Using the conceptual lens of just sustainability (JS)—which facilitates an investigation of the normative and practical challenges of sustainability and environmental justice—the authors argue that urban development in Dhaka needs to ensure social justice and sustainability. While the geographic focus of this article is Dhaka, this study has direct relevance—in terms of policy and planning implications—for other cities in the Global South.

scholarly journals The Bengwenyama Trilogy: Constitutional Rights and the Fight for Prospecting on Community Land

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Tracy-Lynn Humby
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Land Claims ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
The Law ◽  
Resources Development

Although developments subsequent to the judgment have undermined the value of the decision for the community involved, the Constitutional Court's judgment in the Bengwenyama matter provides a welcome precedent on the provisions of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 that deal with the existence of an internal appeal, the nature of consultation with interested and affected parties, the role of environmental considerations in the granting of prospecting rights, and the procedural obligations of the DMR in relation to the community preferent right to prospect or mine. However, its deliberations on the duty to consult and particularly the procedural implications of the community preferent right to prospect do not go far enough into the dynamics underlying the implementation of the law, or tackle the problematic linkages between the MPRDA, the law relating to communal land tenure, and the processing of land claims.

scholarly journals ACCESS TO URBAN AGRICULTURAL LAND IN IBADAN, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolanle Wahab ◽  
Ayobami Popoola ◽  
Hangwelani Magidimisha
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Family Land ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Urban Local Government ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Efficient allocation of spaces for all activities is a pivot role of planners in human settlements development. The rapid and unplanned growth of Ibadan has limited farmers’ access to land for urban agriculture purposes, especially in the urban local government areas (LGAs). This study examined urban farmers’ access to land for farming and the activities of local planning authorities in terms of land allocation for farming in Ibadan. A structured questionnaire was administered to 244 urban farmers, while key-informant interviews were conducted with the officials of local planning authorities and departments of agriculture in the urban LGAs in Ibadan. The study revealed that the scarcity of land for farming has subjected over 30% of the respondents to practice farming on family land, while 17% farmed on available open spaces, including floodplains; land along mountain ridges; land under power lines, and institutions’ lands. The barriers to expanding urban farmland identified by farmers included finance, the unavailability of land in the urban area, neglect of farming and land tenure system. The study recommended the enactment of a planning policy for the classification and integration of agricultural land use as a recognised land use component in urban physical development and zoning plans.

The Failure of Party Formation in Bolivia

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-106
Author(s):  
Edwin F. Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Traditional Authority ◽  
Party Organization ◽  
Party Formation ◽  
Communal Property ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
Land Privatization ◽  
Electoral Mobilization ◽  
Property Holding

This chapter explores the role of persistent traditional agrarian structures on party organization. Land privatization was considerably less extensive in Bolivia when compared to Mexico. Through agrarian census materials and archival evidence of attempted electoral mobilization and peasant union construction, the chapter show how the regions in the country with relatively higher levels of communal land tenure and strong traditional authority structures were places where it was essentially impossible for the MNR to establish sustainable links to a mass base. In regions with less communal property holding, the MNR developed close links to existing and emerging peasant unions. Ultimately, these regions were not large enough as in the Mexican case to sustain stable party formation.

scholarly journals Role of the Real Estate Market in the Expansion of Housing and in the Municipal Budget of Olsztyn

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Jarosław Świdyński
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market

<p>W artykule opisano wpływ rynku nieruchomości na rozwój zabudowy i budżet Olsztyna. Celem było pokazanie, jak duży wpływ na dochody budżetowe mają opłaty i podatki powiązane z gospodarką nieruchomościami oraz w jaki sposób rozwijający się rynek nieruchomości oddziałuje na decyzje związane z powstawaniem nowej zabudowy. Badania zostały oparte o dane statystyczne z lat 2009–2017 udostępniane przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny i Urząd Miasta oraz o fotomapę Google Earth. Zebrane dane poddano analizie i obróbce statystycznej, a uzyskane wyniki zaprezentowano w formie rysunków i tabel. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że szybko rozwijający się rynek nieruchomości warunkuje powstawanie nowych inwestycji mieszkaniowych, a te z kolei pozytywnie oddziałują na stan budżetu miasta.</p>

History, Heritage and Sustainable Development: A Position Statement on the Scottish Highlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
S. Karly Kehoe ◽  
Chris Dalglish
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Taking Charge ◽  
Rural World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Crucial Part

Evidence of how history and culture have been or should be harnessed to promote sustainability in remote and rural communities is mounting. To be sustainable, development must come from within, it must serve future generations as well as those in the present and it must attend to the vitality of culture, society, the economy and the environment. Historical research has an important contribution to make to sustainability, especially if undertaken collaboratively, by challenging and transcending the boundaries between disciplines and between the professional researchers, communities and organisations which serve and work with them. The Sustainable Development Goals’ motto is ‘leaving no one behind’, and for the 17 Goals to be met, there must be a dramatic reshaping of the ways in which we interact with each other and with the environment. Enquiry into the past is a crucial part of enabling communities, in all their shapes and sizes, to develop in sustainable ways. This article considers the rural world and posits that historical enquiry has the potential to deliver insights into the world in which we live in ways that allow us to overcome the negative legacies of the past and to inform the planning of more positive and progressive futures. It draws upon the work undertaken with the Landscapes and Lifescapes project, a large partnership exploring the historic links between the Scottish Highlands and the Caribbean, to demonstrate how better understandings of the character and consequences of previous development might inform future development in ways that seek to tackle injustices and change unsustainable ways of living. What we show is how taking charge of and reinterpreting the past is intrinsic to allowing the truth (or truths) of the present situation to be brought to the surface and understood, and of providing a more solid platform for overcoming persistent injustices.

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