scholarly journals Improving of Cherry Fruit Quality and Bearing Regularity by Chemical Thinning with Fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kurlus ◽  
Krzysztof Rutkowski ◽  
Grzegorz P. Łysiak
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Gisela 5 ◽  
Cherry Trees

The study’s objective was to evaluate the influence of thinning on the quality and regularity of yield of 'Regina' cherries grown on a dwarf Gisela 5 rootstock. The experiments were conducted in the years 2009-2012 in Western Poland. Trees were thinned using a chemical agent, ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) at doses of 20g ATS × L-1, 30g ATS × L-1 and 40g ATS × L-1, and by hand, and the results of chemical and hand thinning were compared with those obtained for unthinned trees. The course of weather conditions in winter and during flowering had a significant impact on yield. Chemical thinning is known to be an effective method to regulate fruiting of pome trees, but it can also be successful if applied to cherry trees, as reflected by the alternate bearing index, which was the lowest after applying ATS at a dose of 40g. ATS treatment improved fruit quality in full crop years. Thinning resulted in, among other things, larger and darker fruit and higher content of total soluble solids and titratable acidity. Treatment with 40g ATS × L-1 significantly stimulated the vegetative growth of trees.

scholarly journals Improving of Cherry Fruit Quality and Bearing Regularity by Chemical Thinning with Fertilizer

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281
Author(s):  
Robert Kurlus ◽  
Krzysztof Rutkowski ◽  
Grzegorz P. Łysiak
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Gisela 5 ◽  
Cherry Trees

The study’s objective was to evaluate the influence of thinning on the quality and regularity of yield of ‘Regina’ cherries grown on a dwarf Gisela 5 rootstock. The experiments were conducted in the years 2009–2012 in Western Poland. Trees were thinned using a chemical agent, ammonium thiosulphate (ATS), at doses of 20 g ATS L−1, 30 g ATS L−1 and 40 g ATS L−1, and by hand, and the results of chemical and hand thinning were compared with those obtained for unthinned trees. The course of weather conditions in winter and during flowering had a significant impact on yield. Chemical thinning is known to be an effective method to regulate fruiting of pome trees, but it can also be successful if applied to cherry trees, as reflected by the alternate bearing index, which was the lowest after applying ATS at a dose of 40 g. ATS treatment improved fruit quality in full crop years. Thinning resulted in, among other things, larger and darker fruit and higher content of total soluble solids and titratable acidity. Treatment with 40 g ATS L−1 significantly stimulated the vegetative growth of trees.

scholarly journals High-density linkage map construction and identification of loci regulating fruit quality traits in blueberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla F. Mengist ◽  
Hamed Bostan ◽  
Elisheba Young ◽  
Kristine L. Kay ◽  
Nicholas Gillitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Density ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
High Density Linkage Map

AbstractFruit quality traits play a significant role in consumer preferences and consumption in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L). The objectives of this study were to construct a high-density linkage map and to identify the underlying genetic basis of fruit quality traits in blueberry. A total of 287 F1 individuals derived from a cross between two southern highbush blueberry cultivars, ‘Reveille’ and ‘Arlen’, were phenotyped over three years (2016–2018) for fruit quality-related traits, including titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, and fruit weight. A high-density linkage map was constructed using 17k single nucleotide polymorphisms markers. The linkage map spanned a total of 1397 cM with an average inter-loci distance of 0.08 cM. The quantitative trait loci interval mapping based on the hidden Markov model identified 18 loci for fruit quality traits, including seven loci for fruit weight, three loci for titratable acidity, five loci for pH, and three loci for total soluble solids. Ten of these loci were detected in more than one year. These loci explained phenotypic variance ranging from 7 to 28% for titratable acidity and total soluble solid, and 8–13% for pH. However, the loci identified for fruit weight did not explain more than 10% of the phenotypic variance. We also reported the association between fruit quality traits and metabolites detected by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis directly responsible for these fruit quality traits. Organic acids, citric acid, and quinic acid were significantly (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with titratable acidity. Sugar molecules showed a strong and positive correlation with total soluble solids. Overall, the study dissected the genetic basis of fruit quality traits and established an association between these fruit quality traits and metabolites.

scholarly journals Influence of leafroll on local grapevine cultivars in agroecological conditions of Central Anatolia region

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Akbaş ◽  
B. Kunter ◽  
D. Ilhan
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Leafroll Disease

Leafroll is one of the most important virus diseases of vineyards of Central Anatolia region. Grapevine leafroll associated viruses GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 are the most frequently encountered viruses related with leafroll disease of grapes. The effect of leafroll disease on yield and fruit quality was studied. The disease caused in the average 31.22% decrease of berry weights and 28.72% reduction in total soluble solids, while titratable acidity was increased by 24.39%. The reaction of local cultivars to mixed infections of GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 was evaluated and Parmak, Kara dirmit, Kara gevrek and Gül üzümü cultivars were considered to be the most sensitive local cultivars to GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3.

scholarly journals `Bing' Sweet Cherry on the Dwarfing Rootstock `Gisela 5': Thinning Affects Fruit Quality and Vegetative Growth but not Net CO2 Exchange

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Whiting ◽  
Gregory A. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Floral Bud ◽  
Gisela 5

Canopy fruit to leaf area ratios (fruit no./m2 leaf area, F:LA) of 7- and 8-year-old `Bing' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) on the dwarfing rootstock `Gisela 5' (P. cerasus L. × P. canescens L.) were manipulated by thinning dormant fruit buds. F:LA influenced yield, fruit quality, and vegetative growth, but there were no consistent effects on whole canopy net CO2 exchange rate (NCERcanopy). Trees thinned to 20 fruit/m2 LA had yield reduced by 68% but had increased fruit weight (+25%), firmness (+25%), soluble solids (+20%), and fruit diameter (+14%), compared to unthinned trees (84 fruit/m2). Fruit quality declined when canopy LA was ≈200 cm2/fruit, suggesting that photoassimilate capacity becomes limiting to fruit growth below this ratio. NCERcanopy and net assimilation varied seasonally, being highest during stage III of fruit development (64 days after full bloom, DAFB), and falling more than 50% by 90 DAFB. Final shoot length, LA/spur, and trunk expansion were related negatively to F:LA. F:LA did not affect subsequent floral bud induction per se, but the number of flowers initiated per bud was negatively and linearly related to F:LA. Although all trees were thinned to equal floral bud levels per spur for the year following initial treatment (2001), fruit yields were highest on the trees that previously had no fruit, reflecting the increased number of flowers initiated per floral bud. Nonfruiting trees exhibited a sigmoidal pattern of shoot growth and trunk expansion, whereas fruiting trees exhibited a double sigmoidal pattern due to a growth lag during Stage III of fruit development. Vegetative growth in the second year was not related to current or previous season F:LA. We estimate that the LA on a typical spur is only sufficient to support the full growth potential of a single fruit; more heavily-set spurs require supplemental LA from nonfruiting shoots. From these studies there appears to be a hierarchy of developmental sensitivity to high F:LA for above-ground organs in `Bing'/`Gisela 5' sweet cherry trees: trunk expansion > fruit soluble solids (Stage III) > fruit growth (Stage III) > LA/spur > shoot elongation > fruit growth (Stages I and II) > LA/shoot. Current season F:LA had a greater influence on fruit quality than prior cropping history, underscoring the importance of imposing annual strategies to balance fruit number with LA.

scholarly journals Fruit Quality Indices in Eight Nance [Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K.] Selections

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1070-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Medina-Torres ◽  
Samuel Salazar-García ◽  
José Roberto Gómez-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Byrsonima Crassifolia

Nance [Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) HBK.] is a tropical fruit cultivated along the coastal areas of Mexico. Nance consumption has increased due to its versatility, as it can be used as fresh fruit, refreshments, and alcoholic beverages and also for preparing fruit rolls, bottled drinks, jellies, syrup, ice cream, and cakes. However, the broad variation in fruit quality parameters, like juice acidity, total soluble solids, skin color, and size, seems to limit its use. Since fruit quality can be influenced by the parameter used, multivariate canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was used to discriminate among nance selections. The objective of this study was to find the best quality indices using physical and chemical fruit characteristics from eight nance selections cultivated in the state of Nayarit, Mexico. Six physical and five chemical variables of fruit quality were studied to determine the relative contribution of each variable to the discrimination between nance selections. Two canonical discriminant functions (CDF1 and CDF2) explained >80% of the accumulated variation among nance selections. The total soluble solids (TSS) to titratable acidity (TA) ratio was dominant on the CDF1 (standardized canonical coefficient = 2.46), therefore, this ratio could be used as the best quality index to select nance fruit. The following TSS to TA values are proposed to classify the nance selections studied: a) 5.1 to 8 as sour fruit (Sour-small and Purple selections), b) 8.1 to 10 as sweet-sour fruit (Conical, Improved, Sweet-sour-1, Sweet-sour-2, and Sweet-sour-3 selections), and c) >10 as sweet fruit (Sangunga selection).

scholarly journals Fruit quality of wild, sweet and yellow passion fruit genotypes in Distrito Federal, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37064
Author(s):  
Daiane da Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Ana Clara Nunes Mendes ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Michelle Souza Vilela ◽  
Fábio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Fruit Mass ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Despite the importance of passion fruit for the Brazilian fruit market, there are still many agronomic and fruit quality problems to be solved, in order to increase this crop performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of twelve genotypes of wild, sweet and yellow passion fruit, aiming to identify promising materials considering fruit quality, in Federal District, Brazil. An experiment was carried out at the Água Limpa Farm of the Universidade de Brasília (UnB) from 2016 to 2018, in a randomized block design, with 12 treatments, 4 replicates and 6 plants/plot. At the harvesting time, six fruits per plot were randomly collected for the following physicochemical analysis: fruit mass, pulp mass with and without seeds, length/longitudinal diameter, width/transverse diameter, length/width ratio, husk thickness, predominant color of the pulp (L*, C*, h*), number of seeds, seed size, total soluble solids content, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids/total titratable acidity ratio and pH. High heritability values ​​and relation of genetic/environment variation coefficients ratio were observed for most of the characteristics evaluated. The genotypes of yellow passion fruit MAR20#21 P2 x FB 200 P1 R2 and MAR20#19 ROXO R4 x ECRAM P3 R3 showed the best characteristics of fruit mass and pulp mass with seed. All the genotypes studied showed values ​​of total soluble solids above 11ºBrix. Positive and significant correlation was observed between fruit mass and length/width ratio, indicating that oblong fruits have higher fruit mass.

scholarly journals Fruit Quality of Some Hot Peppers Cultivars from Vegetable Research Development Station Buzau

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ovidia Loredana AGAPIE ◽  
Costel VÎNĂTORU ◽  
Andreea STAN ◽  
Mihai FRÎNCU ◽  
Elena BARCANU-TUDOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hot Peppers

The aim of this study was to assess phenotypic diversity in terms of fruit quality traits and yield, and also to establish valuable genotypes for breeding purpose suitable for different direction of use. Ten cultivars of hot peppers bred at VRDS Buzau were collected and fruit quality (dry matter content, fruit firmness, the total soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content) was evaluated at different ripening stages. A very highly significant difference (p<0.01) was found for the studied quantitative parameters, showing a great variability among the studied accessions. During ripening, the dry matter content, the firmness, the TSS content and the titratable acidity increase for all studied cultivars and there were significant differences between them. A broad range of variation was noted in Vitamin C content in both stages of maturity. In the present research work, a great variability among the studied accessions was found. Fully ripe fruits were found considerably richer in the bioactive factor than unripe fruits. Our results have selected two important genotypes: A12A, an accession suitable for obtaining chili powder, due to the his low content in dry matter and total soluble solids and accession A135 suited for fresh consumption and for long shelf life because it has a high firmness.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality: Organic Acids, Phytochemical Content, and Total Antioxidant Capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tripti Vashisth ◽  
Mercy A. Olmstead ◽  
James Olmstead ◽  
Thomas A. Colquhoun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Producing temperate-zone fruit crops in subtropical environments requires alterations in fertilizer application and rates. Nitrogen (N) is a critical mineral nutrient required in high amounts by the tree; however, it is often over- or under-applied for optimal fruit quality and can affect the phytochemical composition of fruits. The effects of different N fertilizer rates and harvest date on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and organic acids (citric and malic acid) of two subtropical peach (Prunus persica) cultivars, TropicBeauty and UFSharp, were investigated. N rate did not affect total soluble solids in ‘TropicBeauty’, although total soluble solids decreased as N rate increased in ‘UFSharp’. Titratable acidity and organic acid content was significantly higher in ‘UFSharp’ as compared with ‘TropicBeauty’, although there was no effect of N rate on titratable acidity. An overall increase in phenolic content, flavonoid content, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were observed with decreasing N rates in both subtropical peach cultivars. A stronger genotype × N treatment interaction was observed for ‘TropicBeauty’ for phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity than for ‘UFSharp’. In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed. A positive correlation among phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity was observed in both ‘TropicBeauty’ and ‘UFSharp’. Late harvest date decreased phenolic content in ‘TropicBeauty’, ranging from 6% to 32% among different N treatments. Late harvest increased anthocyanin content as compared with fruit that were harvested on early dates. The results suggest that subtropical peach phytochemical composition can be affected by different cultivars and tree age, and can be manipulated with cultural practices like N fertilization and harvest time to produce fruit with altered or desired nutritional composition for consumers.

scholarly journals Influence of Various Fertilizers on Vegetative and Fruiting Characters of Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana)

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 853B-853
Author(s):  
Tanjeet Singh Chahal*
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
N Level ◽  
Cape Gooseberry

A fertilizer trial was conducted to study the effect of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) on vegetative growth and fruit quality characters in cape gooseberry. The experiment consisting of three levels each of N, P, and K (at 5, 10, and 15 g/plant) along with their interactions was conducted in the experimental area, Dept. of Horticulture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab during the year 2001-2002. The increasing level of N, P, and K help to increase the plant height, where as application of N and K at 10 g/plant and P at 15 g/plant proved their worth for maximizing fruit size. The total soluble solids level of fruits increased significantly with the increment of N level, whereas in case of P and K the total soluble solids increased upto the moderate level and decreased with the further increment. On the other hand, the acidity per cent followed an increase with the each increasing level of all the fertilizers.

scholarly journals (189) Cultivar and Maturity Effects on Fruit Quality and Antioxidant Properties in Blackberry

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043B-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floyd M. Woods ◽  
William A. Dozier ◽  
Robert C. Ebel ◽  
Raymond Thomas ◽  
Monte Nesbitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Antioxidative Properties ◽  
Ripening Stages

Changes in fruit quality attributes and antioxidative properties from six cultivars of thornless blackberries (Rubus sp.) (`Apache', `Arapaho', `Chester', `Loch Ness', `Navaho', and `Triple Crown') during four different ripening stages (red, mottled, shiny-black, and dull-black) were determined under Alabama growing conditions. Berry fruit samples were evaluated for pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, TSS/TA ratio, soluble sugars, vitamin C (reduced, oxidized and total), and antioxidant capacity (measured as trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, TEAC). Significant variation among cultivars were noted in fruit quality attributes and antioxidative properties, which were influenced by maturity at harvest. An increase in fruit pH concomitant with a decline in titratable acidity (TA) was observed during ripening for all cultivars. Total soluble solids (TSS) values increased from 5.7% to 11.6%, with associated TSS/TA ratio values ranging from 11.92 to 63.56 in ripening fruit. Highest reducing and total sugar content were contained in dull-black fruit. Vitamin C content either declined or remained unchanged with ripening, and the pattern was dependent on cultivar, maturity at harvest and form determined. In general, antioxidant activity declined between red and dull-black ripening stages. The results suggest that the TSS/TA ratio may provide the best maturity index in determining optimal eating quality and antioxidant capacity in terms of TEAC value the best indicator of optimal nutritional quality as influenced by maturity at harvest.

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