A circadian rhythm-related MTNR1B genetic variant (rs10830963) modulates glucose metabolism and insulin resistance after body weight loss secondary to biliopancreatic diversion surgery

Introduction: Omentin-1 might play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and obesity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of weight loss after biliopancreatic diversion on serum omentin-1 concentrations. Material and Methods A Caucasian population of 24 morbid obese patients was analyzed before and after 12 months of a biliopancreatic diversion surgery. Biochemical and anthropometric evaluation were realized at basal visit and at 12 months. Body weight, fat mass, waist circumferences, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid concentrations and omentin-1 were measured. Results: After bariatric surgery and in both gender groups (males vs. females); BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose , total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HOMA-IR and fasting insulin decreased in a statistical manner from basal values. Omentin-1 levels increased after bariatric surgery and in both gender the improvement was similar (males vs. females); (delta: –87.1 ± 19.0 ng/dL; p = 0.02 vs. –93.8 ± 28.1 ng/dL; p = 0.03). In the multiple regression analysis adjusted by age and sex; BMI kg/m2 (Beta –0.32: 95% CI –3.98 to –0.12) and insulin UI/L (Beta –0.41: 95% CI –8.38 to –0.16) remained in the model with basal omentin-1 levels as dependent variable. The regression model with post-surgery omentin-1 levels as dependent variable showed as independent variables BMI kg/m2 (Beta –0.13: 95% CI –7.69 to –0.09) and insulin UI/L (Beta –0.24: 95% CI –5.69 to –0.08), too. Conclusion: This study showed a significant increase in omentin-1 levels after weight loss secondary biliopancreatic diversion surgery. A weak negative correlation with BMI and basal insulin levels was detected.

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Characterization of one anastomosis gastric bypass and impact of biliary and common limbs on bile acid and postprandial glucose metabolism in a minipig model

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00356.2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Camille Marciniak ◽

Oscar Chávez-Talavera ◽

Robert Caiazzo ◽

Thomas Hubert ◽

Lorea Zubiaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass ◽

Alimentary Limb ◽

The Common

Background/Objectives: The alimentary limb has been proposed to be a key driver of the weight-loss-independent metabolic improvements that occur upon bariatric surgery. However, the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) procedure, consisting of one long biliary limb and a short common limb, induces stronger beneficial metabolic effects compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in humans, despite the lack of an alimentary limb. The aim of this study was to assess the role of the biliary and common limbs in the weight-loss and metabolic effects that occur upon OAGB. Subjects/Methods: OAGB and sham surgery, with or without modifications of the length of either the biliary limb or the common limb, were performed in Gottingen-like minipigs. Weight loss, metabolic changes, and the effects on plasma and intestinal bile acids (BAs) were assessed 15 days after surgery. Results: OAGB significantly decreased body weight, improved glucose homeostasis, increased postprandial GLP-1 and fasting plasma BAs, and qualitatively changed the intestinal BA species composition. Resection of the biliary limb prevented the body weight loss effects of OAGB and attenuated the postprandial GLP-1 increase. Improvements in glucose homeostasis along with changes in plasma and intestinal BAs occurred after OAGB regardless of the biliary limb length. Resection of only the common limb reproduced the glucose homeostasis effects and the changes in intestinal BAs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the changes in glucose metabolism and BAs after OAGB are mainly mediated by the length of the common limb, whereas the length of the biliary limb contributes to body weight loss.

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A circadian rhythm-related MTNR1B genetic variant (rs10830963) modulate body weight change and insulin resistance after 9 months of a high protein/low carbohydrate vs a standard hypocaloric diet

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications ◽

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107534 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 107534 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Antonio de Luis ◽

Olatz Izaola ◽

David Primo ◽

Rocio Aller

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Weight ◽

Circadian Rhythm ◽

Weight Change ◽

Genetic Variant ◽

High Protein ◽

Hypocaloric Diet ◽

Body Weight Change ◽

Low Carbohydrate

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Insulin resistance in patients with cancer: relationships with tumor site, tumor stage, body-weight loss, acute-phase response, and energy expenditure

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00561-5 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 17 (7-8) ◽

pp. 590-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Takaki Yoshikawa ◽

Yoshikazu Noguchi ◽

Chiharu Doi ◽

Tatsuo Makino ◽

Katsutoshi Nomura

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Phase Response ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Tumor Stage ◽

Tumor Site ◽

Patients With Cancer

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Caloric Restriction, Physical Exercise, and CB1 Receptor Blockade as an Efficient Combined Strategy for Bodyweight Control and Cardiometabolic Status Improvement.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-121540/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Luisa Lopez Trinidad ◽

Rosario Martínez ◽

Garyfallia Kapravelou ◽

Milagros Galisteo ◽

Pilar Aranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Intervention Period ◽

Post Intervention

Abstract Obesity is critically associated with the development of insulin resistance and related cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Several strategies for weight loss have been developed but most of them exhibit a post-intervention rebound effect. Here, we aimed to design combined weight-loss strategies of caloric restriction, physical exercise, and administration of a food-intake inhibitor that also accomplish the objectives of post-intervention lost-weight maintenance and improvement of cardiovascular and renal functionality. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) was generated in Sprague Dawley rats for 12 weeks to test the effects of single or combined strategies (i.e. caloric restriction, mixed training protocol, and/or administration of appetite suppressant) on caloric intake, body weight, cardiovascular and renal functionality resulting from a weight-loss intervention period of 3 weeks followed by 6 weeks of weight maintenance. Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) caused a significant increase in body weight (5th week of the experimental period) and led to the development of insulin resistance, cardiovascular, and renal alterations. The different interventions tested, resulted in a significant body weight loss and improved glucose metabolism, aerobic capacity, electrocardiographic parameters, vascular expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators, and renal functionality, reaching values similar to the control normocaloric group or even improving them. Successful maintenance of lost weight was achieved along a 6-week post-intervention period in addition to adequate health status. In conclusion, the weight-loss and maintenance intervention strategies tested were efficient at reversing the obesity-related alterations in body weight, glucose metabolism, aerobic capacity, cardiovascular and renal functionality. The beneficial action was very consistent for caloric restriction and physical exercise, whereas administration of a food-intake inhibitor complemented the effects of the prior interventions in some parameters like body weight or aerobic capacity, and showed specific actions in renal metabolism.

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Postprandial insulin sensitivity and thermogenesis in frail elderly women

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h10-041 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 526-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eric D.B. Goulet ◽

Zareen Khursigara ◽

Réjeanne Gougeon ◽

José A. Morais

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Frail Elderly ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Postprandial Insulin

The frailty syndrome is associated with inflammation, hypercortisolemia, and cardiovascular diseases, all of which are linked with insulin resistance. But whether frailty is characterized by insulin resistance is unclear, especially in the postprandial state. The prevalence of underweight with frailty is high. We wondered whether hypermetabolism associated with inflammation and hypercortisolemia could increase the thermic effect of food (TEF) and contribute to the frailty-associated body weight loss. In this study, we determined whether insulin sensitivity and TEF responses differ between frail and healthy elderly persons following a meal. Ten healthy and 13 frail elderly women were recruited and studied during the 5 h following the ingestion of a standardized liquid mixed-meal test. Areas under the curve (AUC) for glucose and insulin, and the product of AUC glucose × AUC insulin × 10−6 (PGI) were used as indices of insulin sensitivity. TEF was measured by indirect calorimetry. Following the meal, glucose and insulin AUCs and PGI were significantly higher in frail than in healthy elderly women and, except for the insulin AUC; these differences remained significant after adjustment for age, body weight, and physical activity. Physical activity, determined by questionnaire, was the single best predictor of PGI, explaining 27% of its variance. There was no difference in TEF between groups, and it did not correlate with any significant variable measured. Our results suggest that postprandial insulin resistance is higher in frail than in healthy elderly women, and TEF is similar, indicating that both processes do not contribute to the propensity for body weight loss.

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Caloric restriction, physical exercise, and CB1 receptor blockade as an efficient combined strategy for bodyweight control and cardiometabolic status improvement in male rats

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83709-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luisa M. Lopez Trinidad ◽

Rosario Martinez ◽

Garyfallia Kapravelou ◽

Milagros Galisteo ◽

Pilar Aranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Cb1 Receptor ◽

Receptor Blocker

AbstractObesity is critically associated with the development of insulin resistance and related cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Several strategies for weight loss have been developed but most of them exhibit a post-intervention rebound effect. Here, we aimed to design combined weight-loss strategies of caloric restriction, physical exercise, and administration of a CB1 receptor blocker to inhibit food intake that also accomplish the objectives of lost-weight maintenance and improvement of cardiovascular and renal function. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) was generated in Sprague Dawley rats for 12 weeks to test the effects of single or combined strategies (i.e. caloric restriction, mixed training protocol, and/or administration of appetite suppressant) on caloric intake, body weight, cardiovascular and renal functionality resulting from a weight-loss intervention period of 3 weeks followed by 6 weeks of weight maintenance. Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) caused a significant increase in body weight (5th week of the experimental period) and led to the development of insulin resistance, cardiovascular, and renal alterations. The different interventions tested, resulted in a significant body weight loss and improved glucose metabolism, aerobic capacity, electrocardiographic parameters, vascular expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators, and renal functionality, reaching values similar to the control normocaloric group or even improving them. Successful maintenance of lost weight was achieved along a 6-week maintenance period in addition to adequate health status. In conclusion, the weight-loss and maintenance intervention strategies tested were efficient at reversing the obesity-related alterations in body weight, glucose metabolism, aerobic capacity, cardiovascular and renal functionality. The beneficial action was very consistent for caloric restriction and physical exercise, whereas administration of a CB1 receptor blocker complemented the effects of the prior interventions in some parameters like body weight or aerobic capacity, and showed specific actions in renal status, increasing glomerular filtration rate and diuresis. Overall, the novelty of our study relies on the easy implementation of combined strategies for effective weight management that resulted in significant health benefits.

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