scholarly journals The Construction of Edward Snowden as a Whistleblower in the New York Times and the Washington Post and How It Represents American Freedom of Speech

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cahyo Adi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Media Narratives

<p>This article employs the media narratives and semiotics analytical approach to examine how Edward Snowden was constructed in online publications of the <em>Times</em> and the <em>Post</em> as two major national newspapers in the United States. The analysis finds that both media successfully construct Snowden positively as a new kind of leaker and as a hero in the sense that he brings back the importance of freedom of speech as a living myth in the United States. He is still viewed as a hero despite his moving to Russia, the political enemy of the United States. The analysis also shows that both media perpetuate the myth of free speech. They construct Snowden’s action positively as a new method to give people courage to criticize the government.</p>

scholarly journals Framing of Pak-Afghan Relations by Elite Pakistani and American Press during PMLN Government (2013-2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 335-357
Author(s):  
Dr. Zahid Yousaf ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Haseeb Sarwar ◽  
Ehtisham Ali
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
American Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
Setting Theory

The study Framing of Pak-Afghan Relations by Pakistani and American Press during PMLN Government (2013-2018) is focused to analyze the Pak-Afghan relations as both countries are neighbors sharing a long border on one hand and is focus of the international powers since decades due to cold war and the war on terrorism after 9/11 attacks in the United States. The study is focused to analyze that how the elite Pakistani and American press frames the relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan during the PMLN government that is from June 2013 to May 2018. For the study the elite English newspapers of the two countries Pakistan and United States were selected. Dawn and The News were selected from Pakistan and The Washington Post and The New York Times were selected from US. The editorials of selected newspapers were analyzed in this study using content analysis method. The study is supported by agenda setting theory focusing on the media agenda and the framing concept.Four categories discussing terrorism, US as factor in Pak-Afghan relations; the Pakistani and American stance on the Pak-Afghan bilateral relations are analyzed in three directions positive, negative and neutral. The study concludes that the elite Pakistani press has given more coverage to Pak-Afghan relations than US press whereas both Pakistani and US press has framed Pak-Afghan relations negatively.

For Better or Worse: How Political Consultants are Changing Elections in the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-448
Author(s):  
Kim Speers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
The Political ◽  
State University ◽  
Political Consultants ◽  
The Us ◽  
Science Community ◽  
The Media

For Better or Worse: How Political Consultants are Changing Elections in the United States, David Dulio, Albany: State University of New York Press, 2004, pp. xvii, 289.During the 2004 federal election, the media shone light on the political consultants who were reportedly affiliated or somehow related to Paul Martin's election campaign. By their account, the traditional party machine, often viewed to be the primary, if not the only, actor in political campaigns in Canada, seemed to have taken a backseat to the expensive, polished and professional campaign machinery the private sector had to offer. Campaign management through consultancy was now publicly visible in Canada and reliance on the party machine, while still important, seemed to face competition in terms of expertise and proximity to power. However, the study of political campaigns and specifically, the role of political consultants within campaigns, has received sparse attention from the political science community outside of the United States. Yet even in the US, in spite of the prevalent and pervasive presence of political consultants in electoral politics, the study of this group is relatively new.

A Time of War, and A Time of Peace

2012 ◽  
pp. 266-283
Author(s):  
Joseph Krauskopf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Religious Associations ◽  
The Media

This chapter provides Joseph Krauskopf's discourse regarding war. It was delivered after the United States Congress's formal declaration of war against Spain. The theological underpinning of his sermon is a reassertion of a traditional providential view of God in control of history, patient with Spain despite its many sins (going back at least four centuries), yet certain to punish the unrepentant sinning nation to reassert justice in the world. Two powerful rhetorical passages build to the climax of the sermon. The first is based on a pronounced use of anaphora and parallelism. The second was apparently triggered by the media, as a New York Times article stated that women of the Spanish aristocracy were ‘organizing religious associations, under the auspices of the Bishops, for the purpose of holding, day and night, special services of prayer for the success of the Spanish arms’.

scholarly journals US alt-right media and the creation of the counter-collective memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wasilewski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Far Right ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Tv Shows

The media play an important role in shaping the collective memory of their users. Popular movies, TV shows or commemorative newspaper texts influence the ways in which people remember and forget. Many scholars have attempted to describe this connection; however, little attention has so far been paid to alternative media. This article aims to analyse the features of the collective memory constructed by the media associated with the so-called alt-right (alternative right) movement in the United States. I argue that far-right media produce an ethnically exclusive collective memory, which consequently aims to counter the mainstream collective memory. The findings of this study come from the critical analysis of how the New York Times and Breitbart News engaged in a nationwide discussion on the Confederacys legacy that ensued in August 2017 after the decision to remove the Robert E. Lee monument in Charlottesville, VA and the mass protests that soon followed.

Ethical Dilemmas of the President's Physician

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Robins ◽  
Henry Rothschild
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Early Dementia ◽  
The Government ◽  
Human Problem ◽  
Answering Questions

During the 1984 presidential campaign, questions were raised concerning President Reagan's cognitive integrity in the televised debates. He hesitated before answering questions, appeared to lack attentiveness, and had difficulty remembering and finding words to accurately express his thoughts. These signs, sometimes indicative of early dementia, were reportedly intensified during the 1987 Reykjavik Conference, at which time the President was criticized by James Reston–admittedly an unsympathetic critic–the New York Times columnist. According to Reston, there may be “a human problem at the top of the government [that] … will have to be addressed with uttermost sympathy and care” (December 21, 1986). These questions were again raised by the Iran-Contra affair. For the President of the United States to have even a hint of cognitive dysfunction carries profound implications.

scholarly journals A Horse Derby, A Missed Connection, and Hiking through the Alps: John Dewey's 1928 visit to the Soviet Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Ryabyy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Government ◽  
Soviet Russia

After December 6, 1917, the government of the United States led by President Woodrow Wilson decided not to recognize the new government of Russia, which was led by the Bolshevik Party. Some of the reasons for this lack of recognition came from the Bolshevik government’srefusal to honor prior debits owed by the Tsarist government and the seizure of American property. The next three presidents would continue this policy.1 For the next sixteen years, many Americans visited and wrote about the Soviet Union. Amongst those visitors was a delegation of twenty-five who visited the Soviet Union in the summer of 1928. Their stated purpose was to,“study methods of public instruction in Soviet Russia this summer.” 2 The most influential amongst the twenty-five was John Dewey, a professor of philosophy at Colombia University and one of the leading educational reformers in the United States. In the time during and after this trip Dewey wrote a series of articles for the “New Republic” and later collected these articles andplaced them in his book, Impressions of the Revolutionary World.3 This book also dealt with his travels to China in 1920, Turkey in 1924, and Mexico in 1926. This book does not tell the full story of the trip. By analyzing his letters that he sent during this time, one can recreate a partial itinerary of his daily activities and those that he met with. Those letters also reveal that this trip influenced not only the twenty-five educators from the United States but also had an impact on Soviet educators because they had the ability to finally meet the man that they had studied for so long. The United States Department of State was also interested in this trip and used it to learn more about the Soviet Union. The Department of State was also dealing with anticommunism at this time and this caused Dewey’s trip to be closely monitored. The New York Times and other newspapers reported on this trip and the aftermath of this trip can be seen through these reports. This trip impacted not only those within the Soviet Union but also the State Departments and the American public’s view of the Soviet Union.

Some Considerations of the Findings

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Jerry P. Becker ◽  
Marie T. Mckellar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
International Study ◽  
Mathematical Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
American People ◽  
Student Interest ◽  
American Students ◽  
The Media

The results of the massive International Study of Achievement in Mathematics: A Comparison of Twelve Countries were reported by the mass media in the United States in March 1967. In general, the reports evoked concern and alarm among interested people across the country. References were made to the “hardly flattering” performance of American students; the media commented that Japan did the best overall job of teaching mathematics to its youngsters and that the United States was among the worst in this respect. In reporting on the study, the New York Times (March 1967) criticized poor mathematics teaching in America and lack of student interest in mathematics. The article also referred to a lack of interest on the part of the mathematical community in communicating with the American people.

scholarly journals If Words Could Kill: Can the Government Regulate Any Online Speech?

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pontzer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Constitution ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Gradual Evolution ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

From the inception of American jurisprudence, an individual’s right to freedom of speech and expression guaranteed by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution 1 has been given some of the strongest protection available.2 The most celebrated legal minds in American history have consistently advocated the necessity of an open and honest exchange of ideas as fundamental to democratic society,3 even when the ideas expressed may be unpopular or of little value.4 Nonetheless, it is equally well-established that not all speech is protected, particularly where the speech in question poses a threat to public order.5 Although First Amendment law continues to evolve, the media available to Americans wishing to express their ideas seem to be evolving exponentially faster, particularly in the forum provided by the Internet.6 Indeed, the vast expansion and availability of Internet media seem to continually outstrip the much more gradual evolution of the law, not only in the United States but worldwide.

Press and U.S. Policy toward Nicaragua, 1983–1987: A Study of the New York Times and Washington Post

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra H. Dickson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Official View ◽  
Critical Coverage

A content analysis of the New York Times and Washington Post for the years 1983 to 1987 shows that these newspapers demonstrated a pattern of legitimating U.S. government policy in the United States-Nicaraguan conflict. About half of all sources named in both newspapers were government officials with a stake in the official view. “Contra” officials representing Nicaragua's anti-government forces supported by the United States were seldom cited. But there was some critical coverage; however, criticism centered primarily on the means of achieving stated U.S. policy goals rather than on the appropriateness of the policy itself.

scholarly journals DIFFERENT TYPES OF STEREOTYPE TOWARD LGBT AS MINORITY ON AMERICAN ONLINE NEWS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Aprilya Indah R. ◽  
Dewi Haryani Susilastuti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online News ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
American Society

This research discusses the stereotypes of LGBT in the United States, which appear on American online news. This research works under Post-Nationalist American Studies by applying the gender socialization approach and stereotype theory. Qualitative research aims to seek the differences of stereotypes experienced by LGBT in the United States. The online news portals selected include The New York Times, Washington Post, and USA Today. These news portals are chosen due to their neutrality and trustworthiness as online news portals for American society. By examining the data, the researcher found that the stereotypes experienced by Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender in the United States are different from one another. The findings and discussion show that Transgender stereotypes in the United States are more negative rather than others. In short, LGBT is mostly considered as a unity; however, it faces different challenges due to their minority status in the middle of American society.

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