Modular Neural Network for Learning Visual Features, Routes, and Operation Through Human Driving Data Toward Automatic Driving System

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-376
Author(s):  
Shun Otsubo ◽  
Yasutake Takahashi ◽  
Masaki Haruna ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Driving System ◽  
Modular Neural Networks ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Learning Module ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Almost All

This paper proposes an automatic driving system based on a combination of modular neural networks processing human driving data. Research on automatic driving vehicles has been actively conducted in recent years. Machine learning techniques are often utilized to realize an automatic driving system capable of imitating human driving operations. Almost all of them adopt a large monolithic learning module, as typified by deep learning. However, it is inefficient to use a monolithic deep learning module to learn human driving operations (accelerating, braking, and steering) using the visual information obtained from a human driving a vehicle. We propose combining a series of modular neural networks that independently learn visual feature quantities, routes, and driving maneuvers from human driving data, thereby imitating human driving operations and efficiently learning a plurality of routes. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method through experiments using a small vehicle.

scholarly journals Newspaper Article Classification using Machine Learning Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-877
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Prediction Time ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Newspaper articles offer us insights on several news. They can be one of many categories like sports, politics, Science and Technology etc. Text classification is a need of the day as large uncategorized data is the problem everywhere. Through this study, We intend to compare several algorithms along with data preprocessing approaches to classify the newspaper articles into their respective categories. Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) is a deep learning approach which is currently a strong competitor to other classification algorithms like SVM, Naive Bayes and KNN. We hence intend to implement Convolutional Neural Networks - a deep learning approach to classify our newspaper articles, develop an understanding of all the algorithms implemented and compare their results. We also attempt to compare the training time, prediction time and accuracies of all the algorithms.

scholarly journals Bike Sharing Prediction using Deep Neural Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasegar Thirumalai ◽  
Ravisankar Koppuravuri
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Neural Nets ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
The Way

In this paper, we will use deep neural networks for predicting the bike sharing usage based on previous years usage data. We will use because deep neural nets for getting higher accuracy. Deep neural nets are quite different from other machine learning techniques; here we can add many numbers of hidden layers to improve the accuracy of our prediction and the model can be trained in the way we want such that we can achieve the results we want. Nowadays many AI experts will say that deep learning is the best AI technique available now and we can achieve some unbelievable results using this technique. Now we will use that technique to predict bike sharing usage of a rental company to make sure they can take good business decisions based on previous years data.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF WHALES USING DEEP LEARNING METHODS AND NEURAL NETWORKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheb Ghosh ◽  
Sathis Kumar B ◽  
Kathir Deivanai
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Extraction Model

Deep learning methods are a great machine learning technique which is mostly used in artificial neural networks for pattern recognition. This project is to identify the Whales from under water Bioacoustics network using an efficient algorithm and data model, so that location of the whales can be send to the Ships travelling in the same region in order to avoid collision with the whale or disturbing their natural habitat as much as possible. This paper shows application of unsupervised machine learning techniques with help of deep belief network and manual feature extraction model for better results.

Impact Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 510-516
Author(s):  
Anshul, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All

COVID-19 virus belongs to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) family raised a situation of health emergency in almost all the countries of the world. Numerous machine learning and deep learning based techniques are used to diagnose COVID positive patients using different image modalities like CT SCAN, X-RAY, or CBX, etc. This paper provides the works done in COVID-19 diagnosis, the role of ML and DL based methods to solve this problem, and presents limitations with respect to COVID-19 diagnosis.

scholarly journals A systematic review of text classification research based on deep learning models in Arabic language

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6629
Author(s):  
Ahlam Wahdan ◽  
Sendeyah AL Hantoobi ◽  
Said A. Salloum ◽  
Khaled Shaalan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Text Classification ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Learning Techniques

Classifying or categorizing texts is the process by which documents are classified into groups by subject, title, author, etc. This paper undertakes a systematic review of the latest research in the field of the classification of Arabic texts. Several machine learning techniques can be used for text classification, but we have focused only on the recent trend of neural network algorithms. In this paper, the concept of classifying texts and classification processes are reviewed. Deep learning techniques in classification and its type are discussed in this paper as well. Neural networks of various types, namely, RNN, CNN, FFNN, and LSTM, are identified as the subject of study. Through systematic study, 12 research papers related to the field of the classification of Arabic texts using neural networks are obtained: for each paper the methodology for each type of neural network and the accuracy ration for each type is determined. The evaluation criteria used in the algorithms of different neural network types and how they play a large role in the highly accurate classification of Arabic texts are discussed. Our results provide some findings regarding how deep learning models can be used to improve text classification research in Arabic language.

scholarly journals Electrocardiogram Classification Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
admin admin ◽  
◽  
◽  
Adnan Mohsin Abdulazeez
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Good Classification ◽  
Learning Architectures ◽  
Ecg Data

Due to many new medical uses, the value of ECG classification is very demanding. There are some Machine Learning (ML) algorithms currently available that can be used for ECG data processing and classification. The key limitations of these ML studies, however, are the use of heuristic hand-crafted or engineered characteristics of shallow learning architectures. The difficulty lies in the probability of not having the most suitable functionality that will provide this ECG problem with good classification accuracy. One choice suggested is to use deep learning algorithms in which the first layer of CNN acts as a feature. This paper summarizes some of the key approaches of ECG classification in machine learning, assessing them in terms of the characteristics they use, the precision of classification important physiological keys ECG biomarkers derived from machine learning techniques, and statistical modeling and supported simulation.

scholarly journals Winsorization for Robust Bayesian Neural Networks

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1546
Author(s):  
Somya Sharma ◽  
Snigdhansu Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Versatile Technique ◽  
Aberrant Observations ◽  
Probabilistic Machine Learning ◽  
Different Levels

With the advent of big data and the popularity of black-box deep learning methods, it is imperative to address the robustness of neural networks to noise and outliers. We propose the use of Winsorization to recover model performances when the data may have outliers and other aberrant observations. We provide a comparative analysis of several probabilistic artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques for supervised learning case studies. Broadly, Winsorization is a versatile technique for accounting for outliers in data. However, different probabilistic machine learning techniques have different levels of efficiency when used on outlier-prone data, with or without Winsorization. We notice that Gaussian processes are extremely vulnerable to outliers, while deep learning techniques in general are more robust.

scholarly journals Phishing Website Detection using Supervised Deep Learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4844-4846
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Learning Techniques

The website phishing is the tremendously growing problem over the internet which will lead to the loss of personal information. This process will run like, when ever user clicks a website link it will lead them to the web page that is created by the phisher to deceive the user. After this phishing has been started in order to stop it many techniques came into existence to detect the phished web site and help the user from being deceived by the attacker. Even though many techniques have adapted to stop the attackers, it is difficult because as many phished web pages are generated by the attackers within few hours. Most of the techniques to detect these phishing websites are not able to decide the fake website with legitimate one because the accuracy of getting results are much less. There are many supervised machine learning techniques which are supervised, where a primary set of data is given to the algorithm and depending on that set the algorithm will be trained and it will predict the results for the same. One of the most important techniques that is deep Learning classifiers is applied with significant features to detect phishing websites. By using this algorithm we can classify the phishing websites from genuine websites by using effective features. In this algorithmic approach to detect genuine websites a feature set is used so by analyzing these features using deep neural networks we can detect a website is phished or not. We can also increase the accuracy of our algorithm by adding certain more features and increasing the hidden layers in neural networks.

scholarly journals From Reflex to Reflection: Two Tricks AI Could Learn from Us

Philosophies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Dessalles
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Real World ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
World Data ◽  
Learning Techniques

Deep learning and other similar machine learning techniques have a huge advantage over other AI methods: they do function when applied to real-world data, ideally from scratch, without human intervention. However, they have several shortcomings that mere quantitative progress is unlikely to overcome. The paper analyses these shortcomings as resulting from the type of compression achieved by these techniques, which is limited to statistical compression. Two directions for qualitative improvement, inspired by comparison with cognitive processes, are proposed here, in the form of two mechanisms: complexity drop and contrast. These mechanisms are supposed to operate dynamically and not through pre-processing as in neural networks. Their introduction may bring the functioning of AI away from mere reflex and closer to reflection.

scholarly journals Identifying Ear Abnormality from 2D Photographs Using Convolutional Neural Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami R. Hallac ◽  
Jeon Lee ◽  
Mark Pressler ◽  
James R. Seaward ◽  
Alex A. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Softmax Classifier ◽  
Ear Deformity ◽  
Learning Techniques

AbstractQuantifying ear deformity using linear measurements and mathematical modeling is difficult due to the ear’s complex shape. Machine learning techniques, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are well-suited for this role. CNNs are deep learning methods capable of finding complex patterns from medical images, automatically building solution models capable of machine diagnosis. In this study, we applied CNN to automatically identify ear deformity from 2D photographs. Institutional review board (IRB) approval was obtained for this retrospective study to train and test the CNNs. Photographs of patients with and without ear deformity were obtained as standard of care in our photography studio. Profile photographs were obtained for one or both ears. A total of 671 profile pictures were used in this study including: 457 photographs of patients with ear deformity and 214 photographs of patients with normal ears. Photographs were cropped to the ear boundary and randomly divided into training (60%), validation (20%), and testing (20%) datasets. We modified the softmax classifier in the last layer in GoogLeNet, a deep CNN, to generate an ear deformity detection model in Matlab. All images were deemed of high quality and usable for training and testing. It took about 2 hours to train the system and the training accuracy reached almost 100%. The test accuracy was about 94.1%. We demonstrate that deep learning has a great potential in identifying ear deformity. These machine learning techniques hold the promise in being used in the future to evaluate treatment outcomes.

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