scholarly journals Training to Improve the Landing of an Uninjured Leg in Crutch Walk Using AR Technology to Present an Obstacle

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1096-1103
Author(s):  
Naoaki Tsuda ◽  
Takuya Ehiro ◽  
Yoshihiko Nomura ◽  
Norihiko Kato ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Training System ◽  
Full Recovery ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Experimental Training ◽  
Made In ◽  
Virtual Obstacle

A patient who unexpectedly sustains a lower leg injury often uses crutches for walking, to both assist the patient and prevent further injury until a full recovery is made. In this study, a novel crutch walk training system was developed; a head-mounted display (HMD) was introduced to present a virtual obstacle for trainees using crutches. Through repetitions of the training, it was expected that the trainees would improve their overall body stability. Healthy subjects participated in experimental training exercises using the developed training system. As a result, the participants acquired the skill of walking well with crutches without losing their body balance significantly, even in the event of facing a virtual obstacle, during the five training sessions.

Some Aspects of Pulmonary Function after Rapid Saline Infusion in Healthy Subjects

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Collins ◽  
G. M. Cochrane ◽  
Jane Davis ◽  
S. R. Benatar ◽  
T. J. H. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Closing Volume ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Static Compliance ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Marked Individual ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Made In

1. Rapid intravenous (i.v.) infusions of saline were administered to five healthy male volunteers. Measurements were made of static and dynamic lung volumes, ‘closing volume’ and pulmonary compliance before and after infusion; all measurements were made in the seated upright position. 2. Following a 1 litre infusion small decreases occurred in static and dynamic lung volumes in all studies and were associated in each case with an increase in ‘closing volume’. ‘Closing volume’ returned to normal within 1 h of the infusion. 3. After 2 litre infusions more marked decreases in all lung volumes occurred and were associated with variable changes in ‘closing volume’. The pattern of change varied between individual subjects and this is thought to reflect differences in localization within the lungs of the effects of the saline load in different subjects. 4. After 2 litre infusions static compliance was decreased in all subjects during the first 10–15 min. Changes in dynamic compliance showed marked individual variation.

scholarly journals Leftward Optical Shift Induces Bias in Line Bisection: A Study with Healthy Subjects Using a Head-mounted Display

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (0) ◽  
pp. n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Taku Numao ◽  
Yuri Fujita ◽  
Kyohei Ichikawa ◽  
Shogo Ide ◽  
Hidekazu Katori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Line Bisection ◽  
Head Mounted Display

Effects of lower-leg rhythmic cuff inflation on cardiovascular autonomic responses during quiet standing in healthy subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (5) ◽  
pp. H1923-H1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyuichi Niizeki ◽  
Takanori Tominaga ◽  
Tadashi Saitoh ◽  
Izumi Nishidate ◽  
Tatsuhisa Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Pulse Contour ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Contour Method ◽  
Cuff Inflation ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Pulse Contour Method

To determine the effects of muscle pump function on cardiac autonomic activity in response to quiet standing, we simulated the muscle pump effect by rhythmic lower-leg cuff inflation (RCI) with four cuff pressures of 0 (sham), 40, 80, and 120 mmHg at 5 cycles/min. The R-R interval (RRI) and beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) were acquired in healthy subjects (6 males and 5 females, aged 21–24 yr). From the continuous BP measurement, stroke volume (SV) was calculated by a pulse-contour method. Using spectral and cross-spectral analysis, RRI and systolic BP variability as well as the gain of spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (sBRS) were estimated for the low- and high-frequency (HF) bands. Compared with the sham condition, RCI with cuff pressures of 80 and 120 mmHg led to increases in the mean RRI ( P < 0.01) and HF power of RRI fluctuation ( P < 0.05 for 80 mmHg and P < 0.01 for 120 mmHg) during quiet standing. Reduction in SV during standing was suppressed, and the sBRS of the HF band for standing were increased by RCI for either cuff pressure ( P < 0.05 for 80 mmHg and P < 0.01 for 120 mmHg). However, at 40 mmHg RCI, these remained unchanged. These results suggest that, during standing, RCI of the lower leg increases cardiac vagal outflow when the cuff pressure is raised enough to oppose the hydrostatic-induced venous pressure in the calf.

scholarly journals Towards a Live Feedback Training System: Interchangeability of Orbbec Persee and Microsoft Kinect for Exercise Monitoring

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Verena Venek ◽  
Wolfgang Kremser ◽  
Thomas Stöggl
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Training System ◽  
Microsoft Kinect ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Motion Tracking System ◽  
Training Exercises

Many existing motion sensing applications in research, entertainment and exercise monitoring are based on the Microsoft Kinect and its skeleton tracking functionality. With the Kinect’s development and production halted, researchers and system designers are in need of a suitable replacement. We investigated the interchangeability of the discontinued Kinect v2 and the all-in-one, image-based motion tracking system Orbbec Persee for the use in an exercise monitoring system prototype called ILSE. Nine functional training exercises were performed by six healthy subjects in front of both systems simultaneously. Comparing the systems’ internal tracking states from ’not tracked’ to ‘tracked’ showed that the Persee system is more confident during motion sequences, while the Kinect is more confident for hip and trunk joint positions. Assessing the skeleton tracking robustness, the Persee’s tracking of body segment lengths was more consistent. Furthermore, we used both skeleton datasets as input for the ILSE exercise monitoring including posture recognition and repetition-counting. Persee data from exercises with lateral movement and in uncovered full-body frontal view provided the same results as Kinect data. The Persee further preferred tracking of quasi-static lower limb motions and tight-fitting clothes. With these limitations in mind, we find that the Orbbec Persee is a suitable replacement for the Microsoft Kinect for motion sensing within the ILSE exercise monitoring system.

scholarly journals Improvement of coordination abilities of qualified athletes specializing in fencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Georgiy Lopatenko ◽  
Valeriy Vynogradov ◽  
Lilia Yasko ◽  
Ganna Cherhenko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Preliminary Testing ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Experimental Training ◽  
Shuttle Run

Background and Study Aim. The aim of the research is to investigate the efficiency of designed complexes of training exercises aimed to improve the coordination abilities of qualified athletes in fencing. Material and Methods. 22 qualified athletes specializing in fencing aged from 15 to 18 took part in the research. The study design included the sequential pedagogical experiment that was realized through the several stages.  At the first stage, the preliminary testing of the athletes’ coordination abilities (n=22) was conducted. During the preliminary testing the following tests were applied: jumps to the line; shuttle run (4x9 m.); T-test, straight touch from en-garde position to the target of 10 cm in diameter from close range (10 attempts); straight lunge attack from en-garde position to the target of 10 cm (10 attempts). At the second stage of the pedagogical experiment two complexes of exercises aimed at developing the coordination abilities of the athletes were applied for 3 months. The experimental complexes of exercises were used twice a week. At the third stage, the efficiency of experimental complexes aimed at the developing of coordination abilities of qualified athletes in fencing was checked through a control testing. The Statistica 10 software created by the StatSoft Company was used for statistical processing of data. Results. It was established that during the process of coordination abilities development, the greatest attention should be given to the athletes’ ability to control timing, spatial and physical parameters of moves and moves consistency. To improve the process of developing the coordination abilities of the qualified athletes in fencing two complexes of training exercises were developed. The results of the pedagogical experiment confirmed the statistical differences in the levels of the athletes’ coordination abilities manifestation before and after using experimental training complexes (p<0.05). Conclusions. It has been shown that specially developed training complexes could be used during the training process in order to develop and increase the level of coordination abilities of qualified athletes in fencing. The analysis of experts’ opinion showed that the development of coordination abilities in fencing should be oriented towards the development of athletes’ ability to control timing, spatial and physical parameters of movements.

scholarly journals Comparing the Relaxing Effects of Different Virtual Reality Environments in the Intensive Care Unit: Observational Study

10.2196/15579 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e15579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan M Gerber ◽  
Marie-Madlen Jeitziner ◽  
Simon D Sänger ◽  
Samuel E J Knobel ◽  
Laura Marchal-Crespo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Neurocognitive Late Effects ◽  
Sensory Overload

Background After a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay, approximately 50%-75% of all critically ill patients suffer from neurocognitive late effects and a reduction of health-related quality of life. It is assumed that the noisy and stressful ICU environment leads to sensory overload and deprivation and potentially to long-term cognitive impairment. Objective In this study, we investigated three different virtual reality environments and their potentially restorative and relaxing effects for reducing sensory overload and deprivation in the ICU. Methods A total of 45 healthy subjects were exposed to three different environments, each 10 minutes in length (dynamic, virtual, natural, and urban environments presented inside the head-mounted display, and a neutral video on an ICU TV screen). During the study, data was collected by validated questionnaires (ie, restoration and sickness) and sensors to record physiological parameters (240 hertz). Results The results showed that the natural environment had the highest positive and restorative effect on the physiological and psychological state of healthy subjects, followed by the urban environment and the ICU TV screen. Conclusions Overall, virtual reality stimulation with head-mounted display using a dynamic, virtual and natural environment has the potential, if directly used in the ICU, to reduce sensory overload and deprivation in critically ill patients and thus to prevent neurocognitive late effects.

scholarly journals Leg pain in neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome is associated with altered muscle membrane properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén Rodriguez ◽  
Karin Jost ◽  
Lotte Hardbo Larsen ◽  
Hatice Tankisi ◽  
Werner J. Z’Graggen
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Muscle Membrane ◽  
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
Postural Tachycardia ◽  
Muscle Excitability

Abstract Purpose In neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome, peripheral sympathetic dysfunction leads to excessive venous blood pooling during orthostasis. Up to 84% of patients report leg pain and weakness in the upright position. To explore possible pathophysiological processes underlying these symptoms, the present study examined muscle excitability depending on body position in patients with neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome and healthy subjects. Methods In ten patients with neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome and ten healthy subjects, muscle excitability measurements were performed repeatedly: in the supine position, during 10 min of head-up tilt and during 6 min thereafter. Additionally, lower leg circumference was measured and subjective leg pain levels were assessed. Results In patients with neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome, muscle excitability was increased in the supine position, decreased progressively during tilt, continued to decrease after being returned to the supine position, and did not completely recover to baseline values after 6 min of supine rest. The reduction in muscle excitability during tilt was paralleled by an increase in lower leg circumference as well as leg pain levels. No such changes were observed in healthy subjects. Conclusions This study provides evidence for the occurrence of orthostatic changes in muscle excitability in patients with neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome and that these may be associated with inadequate perfusion of the lower extremities. Insufficient perfusion as a consequence of blood stasis may cause misery perfusion of the muscles, which could explain the occurrence of orthostatic leg pain in neuropathic postural tachycardia syndrome.

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