scholarly journals KONDISI SUMUR DAN PEMODELAN ARAH ALIRAN AIRTANAH BEBAS PADA BENTUKLAHAN FLUVIOMARIN DI JAKARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cahyadi Setiawan ◽  
Suratman Suratman ◽  
Muh Aris Marfa,i
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
The North ◽  
Groundwater Wells ◽  
Groundwater Flow Direction

ABSTRACT Growing population have an impact on the strategy of fulfillment the water need and degradation of groundwater quality in Jakarta, especially in fluviomarine landforms in Jakarta. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of wells and create a model of groundwater flow direction on fluviomarine landforms based on the season. Methods in this research study include three main aspects, namely population, characteristics of the object under study, and analysis. The population in this study using 30 groundwater wells sample representative of the population. Relating to the characteristics of the object under study, this study using a survey method. The survey is a sample survey on wells population who still use unconfined groundwater. About data analysis, then in this study used quantitative and qualitative approaches to the modeling of the groundwater flow direction using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) in ArcGIS. The results showed that the unconfined groundwater wells in the study area consisted of dug wells and pantek wells. It is generally known that groundwater levels in the rainy season are higher than the dry season with a depth of groundwater level in the dry season to be deeper than the rainy season. Most of the groundwater level in organic settlements in the study area is below sea level, whereas in planned settlements is rarely found people who use groundwater. The depth of unconfined groundwater well less than 20 m with a thickness of water on the wells in the rainy season are thicker than the dry season. Groundwater flow direction along the north coast of central and western parts likely to lead to the mainland, while the southern part has a groundwater flow that is likely to lead to the North. Keywords: Fluviomarine Landforms In Jakarta; Unconfined Groundwater; Groundwater Flow Direction

Influence of Subway Construction on Groundwater Environment in Downtown Area of Chengdu

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhang qiang ◽  
sun jinyu ◽  
tamg jinping ◽  
zhang jiashen ◽  
huang sishuang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Seepage Field ◽  
Groundwater Seepage ◽  
Downtown Area ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
Subway Construction ◽  
Groundwater Flow Direction

<p>Located at the southeast of the Minjiang alluvial-proluvial fan, the downtown area of Chengdu mainly composed of sand gravel layer. Now Chengdu has 8 subway lines operated; in the next 10 years, more than 34 routes will be constructed. Metro Line 7 forming a transfer relationship with multiple urban MRTS and urban commuter radiation built completly in downtown area, with depth of subway station 1.73-11.3 m, and the depth of interval tunnel 6.47-28.01 m. In order to study how the groundwater will be influenced, 3 3d groundwater numerical models in different scales have been constructed using FeFlow software, the results illustrated regional groundwater seepage field and local seepage field.</p><p>Baed on 1 regional model (417 km2 for downtown Chengdu ) and 2 models of typical underground space (Taipingyuan station and Yipintianxia station), at the same time with the basic geology and hydrogeology Analysis, shows that:</p><p>(1) The influence of metro line 7 on the seepage field is relatively limited in regional scale, and the change of groundwater level is very little(4-10cm) at several typical observation points; in the long-term, the raising of groundwater level will decrease gradually.</p><p>(2) Comparing the simulation results of Taipingyuan station and Yipintianxia station shows the impact of subway construction on the groundwater environment in the downtown Chengdu. In the big view, from northwest to southeast, the phenomenon of underground water interception or raising in subway stations decrease gradually, this is owing to the influence of aquifer thickness, groundwater flow direction and the direction of underground station structure.</p><p>(3) As the main body or long section of the underground structure is coincide with the groundwater flow direction, the cross-section blocking the groundwater is minimized, so its influence on the groundwater seepage field is not notable even with development of the underground space, this is also help avoiding the floatation effect on the building foundation due to the raising of the groundwater flow.</p>

scholarly journals DELINEATION OF AQUIFEROUS ZONES USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS AND CONTAMINANT FLOW DIRECTION -A case study of dumpsite at Cassidy, Okokomaiko, LASU-Badagry Expressway, Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafiu Adegbola ◽  
Olanike Abidoye ◽  
Ibrahim Adaranijo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The North ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Groundwater Flow Direction

Introduction: Cassidy area, of Okokomaiko, Ojo, Lagos State, is a rapidly developing area with attendant growing population arising from the presence of University, financial institutions and popularly known Alaba market. Unfortunately, water supply by the water corporation is not readily available. The inhabitants only rely on the surface water and groundwater extracted from hand dug wells and boreholes. Aims: The study is to map the aquiferous zone and establish the groundwater flow direction, with a view to averting subsurface contamination emanated from dumpsite within the area. Materials and Methods: Twenty five (25) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger electrode array, four (4) Electrical Resistivity imaging using Wenner Electrode Array were acquired at four different traverses. Manual groundwater flow direction was also conducted. Results: The identified unconfined aquifer was sand/sandy clay which is overlain by peat/clay soil that is loose and may allow downward migration of the contaminant plumes to deep groundwater. However, the confined aquifer observed to occur approximately at depth 18 m. The electrical resistivity distribution observed decreases upward, south and north. This implies increase in conductivity in such directions and as such indicating the contaminant could be more concentrated near-surface, north and south. Conclusion: The implication of the results obtained with respect to vulnerability to groundwater pollution is that the southern section of the aquifer is more susceptible to receive transported contaminants from the northern part of the study area. The study suggests the potential borehole should be sited in the north-eastern direction with the aid of geophysical survey.

scholarly journals Implementasi Konsep Konservasi Air di Gedung Apartemen X

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vine Valenia David ◽  
Kancitra Pharmawati ◽  
Djoni Kusmulyana Usman
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Recycle ◽  
Runoff Rate

<p>Clean water crisis that occurred in Bandung is caused by land conversion in North Bandung area which is a recharge area into commercial buildings. This increases runoff rate from 40% to 70% that can lead can lead to flooding and reduced groundwater availability. Therefore, it is necessary to save water by implementing water conservation. Considering those problems, this study aims to apply the concept of water conservation in X Apartment building that is located in the North Bandung Region by referring to Mayor Regulation of Bandung in 2016. Water conservation efforts that will be applied are wastewater reuse into water recycle, rainwater harvesting, infiltration well construction and placing water meters. The application of water conservation concept considers two conditions, namely in rainy season and dry season. Total need for clean water can be saved by 45,8% in dry season, while in rainy season clean water can be saved by 31,74%.</p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Angin Dan Kelembapan Atmosfer Lapisan Atas Terhadap Lapisan Permukaan Di Manado

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Mufti ◽  
As'ari .
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Wind Condition ◽  
The North ◽  
Positive Correlation Coefficient

Penelitian ini mengkaji lebih dalam kondisi angin dan kelembapan udara pada saat musim hujan dan musim kemarau di Manado dengan menggunakan data di lapisan permukaan dan data udara atas dari Stasiun Meteorologi Sam Ratulangi Manado. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan hubungan antara kondisi angin dan kelembapan lapisan atas terhadap lapisan permukaan, sehingga dapat memprakirakan kondisi angin dan kelembapan lapisan permukaan dengan berdasarkan keadaan lapisan atas. Metode yang digunakan adalah mengkomponenkan angin dalam arah utara-selatan dan timur-barat, selanjutnya mencari keterkaitan dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pada saat musim hujan angin pada lapisan 1500 m dan angin di lapisan permukaan memiliki arah yang sama dan saling menguatkan untuk komponen timur-barat (zonal) dengan koefisien korelasi r=0,56, sedangkan pada saat musim kemarau angin pada lapisan 1500 m dan angin di lapisan permukaan memiliki arah yang sama dan saling menguatkan untuk komponen utara-selatan (meridional) dengan koefisien korelasi r=0,45. Keterkaitan yang cukup kuat antara angin dengan kelembapan terjadi pada komponen V (meridional) yaitu, pada saat musim hujan, semakin besar kecepatan angin komponen negatif (utara) semakin besar pula kelembapan udara di lapisan permukaan, dengan koefisien korelasi benilai positif r=0.40. Pada saat musim kemarau, semakin besar kecepatan angin komponen positif (selatan) semakin kecil kelembapan udara di lapisan permukaan, dengan koefisien korelasi bernilai negatif r=— 0,48.This study examined the wind and humidity condition in the rainy season and dry season in Manado by using the data in surface layer and upper air data from the Sam Ratulangi Meteorological Station. The primary objective of this study was to find the relationship between wind condition and upper layer humidity to surface layer, using correlation technique, in order to predict wind condition and humidity of the surface layer based on the condition of the upper layer. The results showed that, during the rainy season, the wind at layer 1500 m and surface layer had the same direction and mutually reinforced for the east-west component (zonal) with correlation coefficient r=0.56, whereas during the dry season, wind at layer 1500 m and at surface layer had the same direction and mutually reinforced for the north-south component (meridional) with correlation coefficient r=0.45. A relationship between wind and humidity was found at V component (meridional), which was, at rainy season, the higher the wind speed of negative component (north) the higher the humidity at surface layer with positive correlation coefficient r=0.40. At dry season, the higher the wind speed of positive component (south), the lower the humidity at the surface layer, with negative correlation coefficient r=—0.48.

Electrode arrays for measuring groundwater flow direction and velocity

Geophysics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Electrode Arrays ◽  
Seepage Velocity ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Schlumberger Sounding ◽  
Groundwater Flow Direction

The movement of 2000 liters of salt water after injection into groundwater within gravels a few meters below the ground surface at three injection sites was traced by six different resistivity monitoring arrays; the resistivity rectangle, Schlumberger sounding, Wenner sounding, Wenner fixed‐spacing, mise‐à‐la‐asse and downhole electrode array. Five of the arrays indicated groundwater flow direction and seepage velocity. As evidence indicates, similar geological and hydrogeological conditions exist at the injection sites. Therefore, comparisons between the sensitivity of the five arrays can be made and are as follows: resistivity rectangle—maximum decrease of 60 percent in derived potential differences; Schlumberger sounding— maximum decrease of 28 percent in measured apparent resistivity; Wenner sounding—maximum decrease of 20 percent in measured apparent resistivity, Wenner fixedspacing—maximum decrease of 22 percent in apparent resistivity; downhole electrode—maximum decrease of 38 percent in measured resistance. Measured potentials and derived values of potential gradient measured by the mise‐à‐la‐masse array indicated groundwater flow direction but not seepage velocity. Estimates of seepage velocity given by the resistivity arrays for the three salt water injection sites are between 260 ± 40 m/day and 700 ±100 m/day. These estimates are in broad agreement with values of seepage velocity derived from the point‐dilution technique, from previous salt water injection experiments, and from groundwater conductivity measurements using downhole probes.

To: “Electrode arrays for measuring groundwater flow direction and velocity,” by P.A. White (February 1993 GEOPHYSICS, 59, 192–201)

Geophysics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1172-1172 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Intrinsic Permeability ◽  
Electrode Arrays ◽  
Equation Error ◽  
Groundwater Flow Direction

The author has noted an equation error in Fig. 2. The vertical anisotropic intrinsic permeability should be: [Formula: see text] In addition, a reference used in the paper was incomplete. The accurate information appears below and we regret the omission.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological, hydrochemical, and natural isotopes evaluation of groundwater and surface water interactions in the alluvial plain, tropical region of southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldilene Correa ◽  
Sueli Pereira ◽  
Joaquim Ernesto Bernardes ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Natural Isotopes ◽  
Abandoned Meanders

Groundwater-Surface water interactions in alluvial plains facing morphological features are the subject of the study. Considered transitions zones, alluvial plains have different morphological features interfering with groundwater flow and hydrochemistry. The alluvial plain of Mogi Guaçu river (southeastern Brazil) presented topography-controlled groundwater flow, nevertheless, natural levees, wet fields, oxbow lakes, and abandoned meanders can control local flow and interfere in discharges points of the main river. Two sampling water campaigns were done in the dry and wet season for physicochemical and natural isotopes analysis, collecting in total 44 groundwaters samples from monitoring wells and eight water samples from the river, creek, and lake. The groundwaters in wet fields and terraces, and surface waters from creek and lake presented low mineralization (EC from 8 to 37 μS.cm), pH acidic (4.98 to 5.8), and essentially Ca and Na-HCO composition. River waters samples presented pH between 5.92 e 7.69 (acidic in the rainy season and basic in the dry season), and EC from 24.2 and 181.1 μS/cm (lower values in the wet season), Na-HCO and Na-HCO-SO (dry season) and Ca-HCO and Na-HCO (rainy season) compositions. In dry season groundwaters composition showed evolution from sodium mixed (SO – HCO) to bicarbonate waters and higher mineralization; in wet season waters varied from Ca to Na-HCO composition and low mineralization, denoting dilution due to rainwater infiltration. Closer to the river margins, in abandoned meanders and oxbows, the groundwaters have increased values of EC and major ions indicating GW-SW mixtures, and effluent-influent changes (descendent and ascendent flux) in wet and dry seasons, respectively. Natural isotopes in groundwaters imply meteoric origin, without evaporation during recharge and high d-excess can be influenced by continental air masses and Amazonia Basin low-level jet. Shallow water table, permeable silty-sand material of vadose zone, flat terrain, and pristine conditions can contribute to direct infiltration of rainwaters, recharging the shallow aquifer.

Groundwater dynamics and groundwater surface-water exchange in the near-stream zone across the hydrologic year

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Bonanno ◽  
Günter Blöschl ◽  
Julian Klaus
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Stream Channel ◽  
Fractured Bedrock ◽  
Groundwater Dynamics ◽  
Groundwater Response ◽  
Hydrologic Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Flow Direction

&lt;p&gt;Groundwater dynamics and flow directions in the near-stream zone depend on groundwater gradients, are highly dynamic in space and time, and reflect the flowpaths between stream channel and groundwater. A wide variety of studies have addressed groundwater flow and changes of flow direction in the near-stream domain which, however, have obtained contrasting results on the drivers and hydrologic conditions of water exchange between stream channel and near-stream groundwater. Here, we investigate groundwater dynamics and flow direction in the stream corridor through a spatially dense groundwater monitoring network over a period of 18 months, addressing the following research questions:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;How and why does groundwater table response vary between precipitation events across different hydrological states in the near-stream domain?&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;How and why does groundwater flow direction in the near-stream domain change across different hydrological conditions?&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our results show a large spatio-temporal variability in groundwater table dynamics. During the progression from dry to wet hydrologic conditions, we observe an increase in precipitation depths required to trigger groundwater response and an increase in the timing of groundwater response (i.e. the lag-time between the onset of a precipitation event and groundwater rise). This behaviour can be explained by the subsurface structure with solum, subsolum, and fractured bedrock showing decreasing storage capacity with depth. A Spearman rank (r&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt;) correlation analysis reveals a lack of significant correlation between the observed minimum precipitation depth needed to trigger groundwater response with the local thickness of the subsurface layer, as well as with the distance from and the elevation above the stream channel. However, both the increase in groundwater level &amp;#160;and the timing of the groundwater response are positively correlated with the thickness of the solum and subsolum layers and with the distance and the elevation from the stream channel, but only during wet conditions. These results suggest that during wet conditions the spatial differences in the groundwater dynamics are mostly controlled by the regolith depth above the fractured bedrock. However, during dry conditions, local changes in the storage capacities of the fractured bedrock or the presence of preferential flowpaths in the fractured schist matrix could control the spatially heterogeneous timing of groundwater response. In the winter months, the groundwater flow direction points mostly toward the stream channel also many days after an event, suggesting that the groundwater flow from upslope locations controls the near-stream groundwater movement toward the stream channel during wet hydrologic conditions. However, during dry-out or long recessions, the groundwater table at the footslopes decreases to the stream level or below. In these conditions, the groundwater fall lines point toward the footslopes both in the summer and in the winter and in different sections of the stream reach. This study highlights the effect of different initial conditions, precipitation characteristics, streamflow, and potential water inflow from hillslopes on groundwater dynamics and groundwater surface-water exchange in the near stream domain.&lt;/p&gt;

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