scholarly journals SIMULATION OF PEAK GROUND ACCELERATION AND PSEUDO SPECTRAL ACCELERATION OF PALU EARTHQUAKE SEPTEMBER 28TH 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Amalia Nasruroh ◽  
Bambang Sunardi ◽  
Muhammad Fikri Hayqal Hiola ◽  
Hendri Subakti
Keyword(s):  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Acceleration Period ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Pseudo Spectral

The devastating earthquake Mw 7.4 hit Palu City, Central Sulawesi on September 28th, 2018, at 17:02:44 WIB. A high tsunami followed it. More than 2000 people died as a result of the earthquake and tsunami disaster. The latest evidence shows that the earthquake was categorized as a rare super shear earthquake. The earthquake shaking that hit Palu City is relatively large. Acceleration data are not available at the study site due to the lack of instrumentation in the area. The Authors present a simulation of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) due to the earthquake in three locations Tatura Mall, Roa-Roa Hotel, and Antapura Hospital. PGA describes the maximum acceleration on the ground, while pseudo-spectral acceleration describes the acceleration of earthquake shaking from buildings with various floor numbers. Simulation of PGA and PSA to the three sites used three different Ground Motion Prediction Equation (GMPE) functions, BSSA14, CB14, and CY14, with the weighting of each Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) GMPE functions. The results of  PGA simulation is about 0.22-0.23 g and show that in the three study site, it is more vulnerable to spectral acceleration period T=0.3 s or building with three floors or about 1-15 floors. These correlate with the level of damage caused by earthquakes which is more impact to relatively higher buildings.

scholarly journals Estimation of peak ground acceleration and spectral acceleration for South India with local site effects: probabilistic approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Vipin ◽  
P. Anbazhagan ◽  
T. G. Sitharam
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
South India ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Probability Of Exceedance ◽  
Grid Points

Abstract. In this work an attempt has been made to evaluate the seismic hazard of South India (8.0° N–20° N; 72° E–88° E) based on the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The earthquake data obtained from different sources were declustered to remove the dependent events. A total of 598 earthquakes of moment magnitude 4 and above were obtained from the study area after declustering, and were considered for further hazard analysis. The seismotectonic map of the study area was prepared by considering the faults, lineaments and the shear zones in the study area which are associated with earthquakes of magnitude 4 and above. For assessing the seismic hazard, the study area was divided into small grids of size 0.1°×0.1°, and the hazard parameters were calculated at the centre of each of these grid cells by considering all the seismic sources with in a radius of 300 km. Rock level peak horizontal acceleration (PHA) and spectral acceleration (SA) values at 1 s corresponding to 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years have been calculated for all the grid points. The contour maps showing the spatial variation of these values are presented here. Uniform hazard response spectrum (UHRS) at rock level for 5% damping and 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years were also developed for all the grid points. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) at surface level was calculated for the entire South India for four different site classes. These values can be used to find the PGA values at any site in South India based on site class at that location. Thus, this method can be viewed as a simplified method to evaluate the PGA values at any site in the study area.

scholarly journals Comparison of source-base estimate of peak ground acceleration (Amax) in Zagros by Bayesian method with non-source approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-393
Author(s):  
Zahra JALILIAN ◽  
Majid MAHOOD ◽  
Reza HEIDARI ◽  
Mahmoud MEHRAMUZ
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Bayesian Probability ◽  
Posteriori Probability ◽  
Tail Probabilities ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
Source Regions

Regarding Bayesian probability theory is an appropriate and useful method to estimate parameters in seismic hazard analysis. The analysis in Bayesian approaches is based on a posterior belief, also their special ability is to take into account the uncertainty of parameters in probabilistic relations and a priori knowledge. In this study, we used the program for seismic hazard Bayesian estimate which was elaborated by Alexey Lyubushin. Our study is the next in the sequence of applications of this software to seismic hazard assessment in different regions of the world. In this study, Bayesian approach has been used to obtain estimated seismic parameters. In order to reach this aim, 30 different source regions in Zagros seismotectonic province have been considered. The main assumptions are Poissonian character of the seismic events flow and properties of the Gutenberg-Richter distribution law. The a posteriori probability distribution functions of Mmax(T) and the tail probabilities P(Mmax(T) > M), that will occur in future time intervals of 10, 20, 50, 100 and 475 years are illustrated for source regions. The map of peak ground acceleration (PGA) zonation by probability level of 90% (in g) in rock bed for average return period of 50, 100 and 475 years is presented. According to the results, the maximum acceleration is estimated for the cities of Kermanshah, Ilam, Khorram Abad and Bandar Abbas which are related to NWZ1, NWZ2, NWZ3, NWZ7, NWZ8, SZ3, SH1, PG1 and PG2 sources. Finally, the results of this study are compared with obtained results of non-source approach.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE BASED ON MICROTREMOR, BORE HOLE OBSERVATIONS AND STOCHASTIC STRONG GROUND MOTION SIMULATIONS IN PALU CITY, CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA: A VALIDATION AND SENSITIVITY STUDY ON THE 23 JANUARY 2005 (PALU) EARTHQUAKE

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyi Soe Thein ◽  
Subagyo Pramumijoyo ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo ◽  
Agung Setianto ◽  
Kirbani Sri Brotopuspito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Subsurface Structure ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Strong Ground

In this study, we investigated the subsurface structure and strong ground motion parameters for Palu City. One of the major structures in Central Sulawesi is the Palu-Koro Fault system. Several powerful earthquakes have struck along the Palu-Koro Fault during recent years, one of the largest of which was an M 6.3 event that occurred on January 23, 2005 and caused several casualties. Following the event, we conducted a microtremor survey to estimate the shaking intensity distribution during the earthquake. From this survey we produced a map of the peak ground acceleration, velocity and ground shear strain in Palu City. We performed single observations of microtremors at 151 sites in Palu City. The results enabled us to estimate the site-dependent shaking characteristics of earthquake ground motion. We also conducted 8-site microtremor array investigation to gain a representative determination of the soil condition of subsurface structures in Palu. From the dispersion curve of array observations, the central business district of Palu corresponds to relatively soil condition with Vs ≤ 300 m/s, the predominant periods due to horizontal vertical ratios (HVSRs) are in the range of 0.4 to 1.8 s and the resonant frequency are in the range of 0.7 to 3.3 Hz. Three boreholes were throughout the basin especially in Palu area to evaluate the geotechnical properties of subsurface soil layers. The depths are varying from 1 m to 30 m. Strong ground motions of the Palu area were predicted based on the empirical stochastic green’s function method. Peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity becomes more than 0.04 g and 30 kine in some areas, which causes severe damage for buildings in high probability. Keywords: Palu-Koro fault, microtremor, bore holes, peak ground acceleration and velocity.

Bayesian Estimations of Peak Ground Acceleration and 5% Damped Spectral Acceleration from Modified Mercalli Intensity Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Ebel ◽  
David J. Wald
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Ground Motion Attenuation ◽  
Quantitative Estimates

We describe a new probabilistic method that uses observations of modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) from past earthquakes to make quantitative estimates of ground shaking parameters (i.e., peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, 5% damped spectral acceleration values, etc.). The method uses a Bayesian approach to make quantitative estimates of the probabilities of different levels of ground motions from intensity data given an earthquake of known location and magnitude. The method utilizes probability distributions from an intensity/ground motion data set along with a ground motion attenuation relation to estimate the ground motion from intensity. The ground motions with the highest probabilities are the ones most likely experienced at the site of the MMI observation. We test the method using MMI/ground motion data from California and published ground motion attenuation relations to estimate the ground motions for several earthquakes: 1999 Hector Mine, California (M7.1); 1988 Saguenay, Quebec (M5.9); and 1982 Gaza, New Hampshire (M4.4). In an example where the method is applied to a historic earthquake, we estimate that the peak ground accelerations associated with the 1727 (M∼5.2) earthquake at Newbury, Massachusetts, ranged from 0.23 g at Newbury to 0.06 g at Boston.

scholarly journals Estimation of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Spectral Acceleration (Sa) Vertical Component for Interface Subduction Zone Earthquakes of North-east India (NEI) and Adjacent Regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Tauhidur ◽  
Ricky L Chhangte
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Abstract This article presented ground motion model (GMM) for vertical peak ground acceleration (PGA) and pseudo spectral acceleration (Sa) at 5 % damping for North-east India (NEI) and adjacent regions at a time period of 0.01 to 5 s, and hypocentral distance 40 to 300 km. We used combined point source (4.5 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.5) and finite fault model (6.5 < Mw ≤ 9.5) (refer as combined model) to develop GMM for vertical component of ground motion (VCGM) for the region. The vertical GMM obtained is validated with the available recorded events in NEI and adjacent regions for the interface subduction zone earthquakes. It is observed that peak ground accelerations and spectral accelerations are 55 to 65% lesser than the horizontal components of ground motions. VCGM parameters obtained in this study play an important role in designing low rise buildings and linear superstructures such as bridges, silos and chimneys.

scholarly journals The estimated PGA map of the Mw6.4 2006 Yogyakarta Indonesia earthquake, constructed from the Modified Mercalli intensity IMM

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widodo Pawirodikromo
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Earthquake Sources ◽  
Fault Trace ◽  
Ground Motion Records

Many moderate and strong earthquakes have occurred in Indonesia. However, since ground motion records are unavailable, a concise earthquake peak ground acceleration (PGA) map has never before been constructed. Several efforts have been made to construct PGA maps after the Mw6.4 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake, i.e. earthquake PGA maps by researchers [1–4]. However, due to their use of completely different earthquake sources, methods of analysis and by using exclusion criteria of ground motion prediction equations (GMPE), the maps differed greatly and did not match the actual structural damage found in the field. Estimation of a 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake PGA map became possible after field surveying of the Imm conducted by Wijaya [5]. The estimated PGA map was constructed based on the isoseimic lines, intensity prediction equation (IPE) by Wijaya [5] and peak ground acceleration at YOGI and BJI station control points, as published by Elnashai et al [6]. A set of most recent GMPEs were chosen, as they closely predicted the PGA at two control points. An Extrapolation Method was developed in which the PGA between YOGI and BJI stations would be extrapolated to all data points in the field to yield the 2006 Yogyakarta seismic PGA map. Result of the investigation indicated that the pattern of the new PGA map does not form a circle with radius R, but occurs longitudinally following the direction of the Opak River fault trace and closely follows the pattern of Imm map and damage to buildings in the field. It was found that the maximum upperbound PGA reached ±0.50-0.51g and it did not occur at the epicenter area but instead took place in relatively deep soil deposit approximately ±2 km west of the Opak River fault.

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