scholarly journals Concentration of arsenic in the tissues of cultivated mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam., water and bottom sediments (Crimea, Black Sea)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Ryabushko ◽  
A. F. Kozintsev ◽  
A. M. Toichkin
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Aquatic Area ◽  
Bivalve Mollusks ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Inversion Voltammetry

Arsenic is one of the toxicants for which standards for maximum permissible concentrations in edible marine organisms have been developed. In view of this, monitoring of the content of arsenic in cultivated mussels, as well as in water and soil in the aquatic area of the marine farms for the cultivation of bivalve mollusks is important. The content of arsenic in the samples was determined using the method of inversion voltammetry. The average annual concentration of arsenic in the water area of the marine farm in the Karantinnaya Bay was found to be 1.2 times lower than those stipulated by the fishery standards, and in bottom sediments it was 1.5 times lower than those indicated in the “Dutch Lists” standards. The concentration of arsenic in the mussels is almost an order of magnitude lower than its maximum permissible concentrations in food and, in particular, in molluscs.

Organic Matter of Bottom Sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian Coasts (Azov and Black Seas)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Sea Of Azov

As part of the 113th cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”, research was conducted on organic pollution of bottom sediments in the coastal areas of Crimea and the Caucasus, as well as the water area in front of the Kerch Strait. Concentration of chloroformextractable substances was determined by the weight method and that of petroleum hydrocarbons was determined using infrared spectrometry. Both in 2020 and 2016 (the 83d cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”), properties of the bottom sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian coasts were typical of the marine soils of this region. This indicates that the studied water areas are generally in good condition. In accordance with the regional classification of bottom sediment pollution, the maximum concentrations of chloroform-extractable substances obtained for both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov coast indicate pollution level III (23% of analysed samples). These values were found in bottom sediments in the Sevastopol water area (225 mg·100 g-1), in the coastal area of Cape Tarkhankut (120 mg·100 g-1) and Karadag (120 mg·100 g-1), the southern part of the Sea of Azov (125 mg·100 g-1) and Tuapse (110 mg·100 g-1). The content of chloroform-extractable substances in bottom sediments off the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and the Sea of Azov coast is slightly lower than that off the Crimean coast. Pollution level II is assigned to bottom sediments in 46 % of the samples, with an average concentration of 72 mg·100 g-1 of air-dry solids. The rest (31 %) of the studied area was classified as conditionally clean (pollution level I, i. e. less than 50 mg·100 g-1). There has been a slight increase in the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov and their share in the total amount of chloroformextractable substances. In general, the level of pollution of bottom sediments by organic matter remained unchanged if compared with previous years, in particular with the data from 2016

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Pollution by Some Persistent Organic Pollutants of the Marine Environment of the Northwestern Part of the Black Sea

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Ecological State

Purpose. The study is aimed at estimation of marine pollution in the northwestern part of the Black Sea by some persistent organic pollutants (POPs), in particular polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). Methods. Peculiarities of marine pollution were determined on the basis of research conducted at the Ukrainian Scientific Center of Ecology of the Sea (UkrSCES). The content of PCBs and HCB was determined on a gas chromatograph Agilent 7890B with a capillary column and an electronic capture detector using the methods of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-3545A, 3630C, 8081, 8082A, 8275A). The ecological state of the marine environment was determined using developed in UkrSCES the “Ecological standards of marine environment quality”, which allow us to assess the quality status of such components of the marine environment (sea water, bottom sediments and biota). Results. The methodology of environmental standards has been adapted to assess the pollution of the marine environment of POPs. The ecological state of sea water and bottom sediments of the northwestern part of the Black Sea is determined according to the established values of Maximum Concentration Limit (MCL) and Ecological Standards (ES). The ecological state of marine biota was assessed by HCB pollution according to the established Ecological Standard. The European analogue of MCL (MAC-EQS) for industrial marine organisms was used to assess the ecological state of marine organisms for PCBs pollution (but it should be noted that the assessment was performed only for non-dioxin-like PCBs. Standard for the content of PCBs in marine organisms, in particular, – of industrial importance, must be implemented in Ukraine at the legislative level. For integral assessment of the ecological state of the marine environment and the specifics of POPs pollution in the northwestern part of the Black Sea, it is necessary to introduce a comprehensive monitoring system that would analyze marine pollution by all POPs required by the Stockholm Convention. Conclusions. The ecological state of the sea water of the northwestern part of the Black Sea by POPs pollution in most cases corresponds to the category "very good". The state of marine biota in most cases corresponds to the quality classes "good" and "very good", but in Ukraine there are no clear standards that would regulate the content of PCBs in marine biota, in particular – for industrial important species of marine organisms. The ecological condition of bottom sediments is mainly classified as "satisfactory" and "poor", which under certain natural conditions can be a source of secondary pollution of sea water and biota. For integral assessment of the ecological state, it is necessary to take into account all POPs, which can significantly change the results of the assessment of the quality of the marine environment of the northwestern part of the Black Sea.

scholarly journals MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION MONITORING IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE SEVASTOPOL REGION RECREATION ZONES

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
E.N. Sibirtsova ◽  
◽  
A.V. Temnykh ◽  
M.I. Silakov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Open Water Area ◽  
Water Edge ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Frag Ments

A study of the concentration of microplastic pollution (MP) in the bottom sediments of the water areas adjoining recreation zones (RZ) of the Sevastopol region in 2018 - 2020 was carried out. An increase in MP was registered practically in all areas, the average values of MP concentration were 13.4 items•kg-1 dry weight. As for the shape of microplastics (MPs) particles, the maximum share was made up by frag-ments (50-83%), fibers were also numerous (33%). A significant increase in the concentration of MP on the 0-20 m section of the underwater coastal slope from the water edge was recorded in zones with an open water area and presence of a cliff. The revealed level of MP is comparable to that in the Mediterra-nean, Caspian, Baltic Seas, but an order of magnitude lower than in other regions of the World Ocean.

Taxonomic structure of the coastal fouling community formed by the Black Sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Varigin
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Bivalve Mollusks ◽  
Fouling Community ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
Degree Of Stability

Peculiarities of the taxonomic structure of the coastal fouling community formed by the bivalve mollusk Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 on the underwater surface of solid substrates located in the Odessa Bay of the Black Sea have been revealed. The qualitative composition, degree of occurrence, size characteristics and features of quantitative development of invertebrates of this community were determined. As part of the fouling community, 65 species of invertebrates belonging to 61 genera, 47 families, 22 orders, 10 classes and 6 types were identified. It was found that among the large taxa of the community Cnidaria, Annelida, Bryozoa, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Chordata, the most numerous species was the Arthropod type. Annelida and Mollusca accounted for one-fifth and one-fourth of all species. The other three types of invertebrates were represented by one or two species. A characteristic feature of the taxonomic structure of the community was that in most cases, each identified genus was represented by only one species, which in specific conditions was the most environmentally plastic representative of it. It is shown that the species structure of the fouling community was characterized by evident dominance of its edificator M. galloprovincialis. The maximum abundance of this species in the community was 11960 sp.·m-2, and biomass – 10328,6 g·m-2. In addition, 12 other invertebrates with 100 % occurrence were key-species of the community. These species, together with those with occurrence of more than 75 %, belonged to the characteristic species of the community. A total of 22 such species were identified. Among other invertebrates, 5 species (P = 50–75 %) were permanent, 8 species (P = 25–50 %) were rare, and 30 species (P <25 %) were random. The most of the organisms in the coastal fouling community of the Odessa Bay are eurybiont species was established. The presence in the fouling community invasive species of bivalve mollusks Arcuatula senhousia (Benson, 1842), which is systematically very close to the Black Sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, was revealed. Due to its opportunistic properties, this mollusk poses a certain threat to the existence of settlements of aboriginal species of bivalve mollusks. The coastal fouling community formed by the Black Sea mussel has a certain degree of stability, as the same species of invertebrates remain characteristic of its taxonomic structure for 40 years.

scholarly journals Organic substances of sea bottom sediments in conditions of the coast urbanization (for example Kazachiya Bay, The Black Sea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-242
Author(s):  
O. V. Soloveva ◽  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
T. L. Klimenko ◽  
G. V. Skrupnik ◽  
T. V. Votinova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Coastal Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

The data on the hydrocarbons compound in the sea bottom sediments of adjacent water area to the zone of mass cottage building (Kazachiya Bay, the coast of Sevastopol, the Black Sea) are given. As a result of the survey conducted in the summer of 2015, pH, Eh, natural moisture, chloroform extractable substances, oil hydrocarbons, petroleum products, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and n-paraffins in the sea bottom sediments of the water area were determined. Areas with unfavorable and moderately adverse environmental conditions are identified. The impact of coastal urbanization on the deterioration condition of the sea bottom sediment is shown.

scholarly journals Monitoring of the cyanobacteria composition in bottom sediments of the water area of the Black and Azov seas along the coast of Crimea

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
N.A. Andreeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Pigment Complex

As a result of laboratory cultivation of bottom sediment samples taken during six expeditions at oceanographic stations of the coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas located along the coast of Crimea in different seasons of 2019‒2020, preliminary results on the distribution of cyanobacteria in the benthos of these areas were obtained. The development of cultivated forms of cyanobacteria was observed in 65 Black Sea samples at 54 stations and in all samples from the Sea of Azov. In the benthos of the Black and Azov Seas areas, representatives of 11 and 10 genera of cyanobacteria were identified, respectively, belonging to four orders: Synechococcales (Synechococcus, Rhabdoderma, Aphanocapsa, Merismopedia, Leptolyngbya), Chroococcales (Microcystis, Chroococcus), Oscillatoriales (including Spirulina), Nostocales (Anabaena, Nostoc, Scytonema). Representatives of the genus Microcystis were the most common in the bottom sediments of the Black Sea coast of Crimea, whereas in the Sea of Azov they were Microcystis and Oscillatoriales. Cyanobacteria with a deep violet color were often found, which indicates the predominance of phycoerythrin in the pigment complex of these cyanobacteria. The maximum number of cultivated forms of cyanobacteria in the bottom sediments of the Black Sea during the entire study period was registered in the euphotic zone, and the lowest – in the 100–1000 m zone. 40 batch cultures were obtained, from which new strains of cyanobacteria are be isolated. In the future, the research results can be used to monitor the ecological state of the coastal waters, while the isolated cyanobacteria strains can also be used for genetic, biotechnological, medical and other research.

scholarly journals BIOGENIC SILICA SEDIMENTATION ON THE SHELF AND CONTINENTAL SLOPE OF THE BLACK SEA

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
O.P. Olshtynska ◽  
G.M. Ivanova ◽  
I.I. Pustovoit
Keyword(s):  
Continental Slope ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Marine Geology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Material Input

Investigation of the marine sediments processes, regularities of their accumulation in the inland seas is one of the main tasks of marine geology and sedimentology. Biogenic sedimentation is extremely important in the general sediment deposition cycle in the Black Sea basin. This article provides an overview of the literature and analysis of our own research of the distribution of biogenic siliceous deposits in Holocene bottom sediments on the shelf and continental slope of the Black Sea. The composition and conditions of biosilicates formation, their relationship with coccolithic silts and sapropels in sedimentary strata, sources and forms of siliceous biogenic matter input, the dynamics of transformation of modern bottom sediments, as well as the influence of various environmental factors on the process of sedimentary accumulation of silica in the Black Sea basin in the late quarter are considered. The relevance of the topic is caused by insufficient coverage of a number of issues regarding the sources of mobilization and the nature of material input, the features of the origin and deposition of silicate biogenic matter in the basin, paleogeoecological factors that influenced on sedimentogenesis in the late Quarter. The study of the formation processes of modern bottom sediments in a wide range of facies conditions is of undoubted practical importance for diverse geological, sedimentological and facies research, both fundamental and applied, related to prospecting, exploration and exploitation of minerals, as well as for using the results obtained in the development of marine water area.

scholarly journals The chemical-microbiological characteristics of sea water and bottom sediments of the Kerch Strait and adjacent water areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
N. V. Burdiyan ◽  
O. V. Soloveva
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Oil Hydrocarbons

This paper presents the results of contamination level of sea bottom sediments and seawater in the water areas by the strait of the Black Sea and the Azov Sea by oil hydrocarbons and chloroform-extractable substances studies (spring, autumn 2016). Comparison of marine environment pollution levels with the results of previous studies (2007–2010) and sanitary norms is given. The quantitative characteristics of  heterotrophic and oil-oxidizing microbiota in the designated areas are presented. It was determined that the concentration of oil hydrocarbons in the water surface layer in the water area by the strait of the Azov Sea did not exceed the current norm (0.05 mg·l-1). The single cases of the maximum permissible concentration exceeding were registered in the water area by the strait of the Black Sea (autumn 2016). In the surface layer of Azov Sea water, the number of heterotrophic bacteria ranged from 104 to 105 cells·ml-1, and the oil-oxidizing bacteria were isolated in single quantities. In the water area of the Black Sea region of the strait the number of heterotrophic bacteria was 106, the number of oil-oxidizing bacteria did not exceed 10 cells·ml-1. In comparison with the previous years’ data, there was an increase in quantitative indicators of chloroform-extractable substances and oil hydrocarbons in the sea bottom sediments. The overall level of pollution did not exceed the average values determined for the region. The number of heterotrophic bacteria in the sea bottom sediments varied in the Strait of Azov water area from 2,5·104 to 4,5·104 cells·g-1, while that of oil-oxidizing bacteria varied from 2,5·10 to 4,5·102 cells·g-1. In the sea bottom sediments of the Black Sea, the number of heterotrophic bacteria was 4,5·103 cells·g-1, the number of oil oxidizing bacteria was 10 cells·g-1.

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