Automation of the development of ontologies of scientific subject domains based on ontology design patterns

At present, ontologies are recognized as the most effective means of formalizing and systematizing knowledge and data in scientific subject domains (SSDs). However, the development of an ontology is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. All indications are that when developing SSDs ontologies, it is especially effective to use ontology design patterns (ODPs). This is due to the fact that the SSD ontology, as a rule, contains a large number of typical frag-ments, which are well described by the ODPs. In addition, due to the fact that the use of ODPs greatly facilitates the development of an SSD ontology, it is possible to involve experts in a modeled SSD not possessing the skills of onto-logical modeling. To obtain an ontology that adequately describes the SSD, it is necessary to process a huge number of publications relevant to the modeled SSD. It is possible to facilitate and accelerate the process of populating the ontolo-gy with information from such sources by using the lexical and syntactic patterns of ontological design. The paper pre-sents an approach to the automated development of SSDs ontologies based on a system of heterogeneous ODPs. This system includes both ODPs intended for ontology developers and lexical and syntactic patterns built on the basis of the above-mentioned types of the ODPs and the current version of the SSD ontology.

MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION MONITORING IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE SEVASTOPOL REGION RECREATION ZONES

A study of the concentration of microplastic pollution (MP) in the bottom sediments of the water areas adjoining recreation zones (RZ) of the Sevastopol region in 2018 - 2020 was carried out. An increase in MP was registered practically in all areas, the average values of MP concentration were 13.4 items•kg-1 dry weight. As for the shape of microplastics (MPs) particles, the maximum share was made up by frag-ments (50-83%), fibers were also numerous (33%). A significant increase in the concentration of MP on the 0-20 m section of the underwater coastal slope from the water edge was recorded in zones with an open water area and presence of a cliff. The revealed level of MP is comparable to that in the Mediterra-nean, Caspian, Baltic Seas, but an order of magnitude lower than in other regions of the World Ocean.

“Talking” Tiles from Vanished Ilkhanid Palaces (Late Thirteenth to Early Fourteenth Centuries): Frieze Luster Tiles with Verses from the Shah-nama

Luster tiles in Ilkhanid palace decoration are repeatedly linked with the site of Takht-i Sulaiman (Iran). However, the collection and analysis of ninety-two frieze luster tiles (or frag-ments) characterized by a similar scheme indicates the existence of other palatial locations. Sorting the tiles results in at least eight different friezes. Consequently, possible locations of other Ilkhanid palaces are investigated. Textual contents mainly originate from Firdausi’s Shah-nama. However, the excerpts found on tiles are seldom narrative but allude to the enjoyment of nature, drinking, and beauty. The suitability of these poetic quotes for Ilkha-nid palace decoration is thus further analyzed.

A STATE OF ART AND PROSPECTS OF USED PNEUMATIC TIRES MANAGEMENT (REVIEW)

The basic data on the volume of production of pneumatic tires in the world and in Ukraine are presented. The need to improve the ways of handling pneumatic tires that have lost their con-sumer properties (worn out tires as a result of their intended use and tires rejected as a result of passing quality control during their manufacture) is shown as one of the most dangerous for the environment and promising in terms of using their properties. A detailed classification of methods for handling worn out and defective tires is proposed and a critical analysis of each of them is given. Particular attention is paid to the methods of utilization of tires, in particular, recycling, which makes it possible to efficiently use the secondary raw materials obtained from tires directly for their intended purpose. The features of physical, physicochemical and chemical processing methods, in particular combustion, gasification, pyrolysis of tires and their frag-ments, as well as the prospects for their decomposition under the influence of environmental factors, in particular microorganisms, are also considered. The main ways of solving the prob-lem of tires that have lost their consumer properties in Ukraine are proposed. Bibl. 88, Fig. 2.

Formation of a knowledge base to support the process of architectural design of software systems

This article describes an approach to knowledge base (KB) formation for automating the process of architectural de-sign of software systems (SS) based on the experience of previous projects. Software architecting is the presentation of software systems in the form of design artifacts and their architecture. When developing a new SS it is possible to im-prove its quality based on the experience of previous projects. The experience of previous projects is successful archi-tectural solutions contained in the knowledge base of the design organization. Such a KB should be formed in the pro-cess of analyzing design artifacts extracted from previous projects: source code, project diagrams, data models, struc-tured text resources, etc. This article describes a KB model of a design organization and a model of the 1C: Enterprise 8 (1C) application solution as an example of a design artifact. The article also presents a method for generating frag-ments of a KB in the process of analyzing an applied solution for the 1C application and a method for generating use-case diagrams based on the KB content. A set of experiments was executed to evaluate the adequacy of the proposed models and methods. The results of experiments for assessing quality in terms of accuracy (the presence of elements of the expert diagram in the generated diagram) and completeness (the presence of elements in the generated diagram that are absent in the expert diagram) are presented. According to the results of the experiments, the average value of accuracy is 0.875, and the completeness is 0.6.

RESISTANCE TO PROTEOLISYS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF RAGE FRAG-MENTS

It was shown the correlation between the resistance to proteolysis of (60-76) RAGE fragment and its protected analogue, formation of their fragments and revealed biological activity. We assumed that protected RAGE fragment is a promising for development of anti-AD therapy.

POLYACRYLAMIDE MATRIX BASED ON β-CYCLODEXTRIN-CONTAINING PSEUDOROTAXANE FOR DRUGS RELEASE: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES

Formation and studying of different inclusion complexes, which could be attributed to the supra-molecular structures, are still remaining among an actual topics in the modern polymer chemistry. The ability of cyclodextrins to selectively interact with a range of their size complementary molecules makes them promising objects for supramolecular chemis-try. Therefore, we obtained polymer matrices involv-ing acrylamide and methylene-bis-acrylamide with different content of pseudorotaxane based on β-cyc-lodextrin and polyoxypropylenedimethacrylate and confirmed their structures by different techniques (FTIR-spectroscopy, DSC and X-ray analysis). The presence of pseudorotaxane in polymer matrices was proved by monitoring β-cyclodextrin’s bands stret-ching vibration (FTIR method). When analyzing X-ray profiles of polymer matrices with different con-tent of pseudorotaxane, we found that the influence of pseudorotaxane is insignificant at its content of 5 and 8 % wt. In addition, the study of pseudoro-taxane effect on the kinetics of drugs release reve-aled that the introduction of 10 wt.% of pseudo-rotaxane into the polymer matrices appreciably de-celerates desorption of drugs and, thus this content being considered as an optimal one for this purpose. Also the polymer matrices’ structure was studied by the pyrolysis mass spectrometry method. It has been determined the temperature decomposition, rate of total ion current, probable composition of ion frag-ments of samples and intensity of their isolation in the mass spectra of polyacrylamide with different content of pseudorotaxane during pyrolysis. Thus, the results obtained can be explained by the for-mation of specific intermolecular bonds emerged between pseudorotaxane fragments and chains of po-lymer matrice.

Augustan Poets on the Roman-Parthian Treaty of 20 BC

From the moment Rome established contacts with the Parthian empire in the 1st century BC, its relations with the eastern neighbour became one of the most important points of Roman foreign policy. Attempts to subjugate Parthia ended in Rome’s crushing defeat at Carrhae in 53 BC. Having taken over power in the Roman Republic, Octavian Augustus became much more active in his oriental policy, wishing to erase the shame brought upon Rome by the defeat. The peace treaty signed in 20 BC was the Emperor’s diplomatic success and was presented as a great triumph by the Roman propaganda. In this paper, I analyse several frag-ments referring to this agreement in the works of the Augustan poets Horace, Propertius and Ovid. The works, written over almost three decades, present this event from various perspectives. On the one hand, they show a strong intermixture of politics and literature, and on the other hand, great talent and artistic skill of the poets writing creatively about issues which were current in Rome at the time.

The results of the simulation of the heat insulation properties of wood polymer-sand composite

For the study and prediction of insulation properties of wood polymer-sand composite (WPSC) developed a mathematical model. It is established that the thermal diffusivity of the wood with a protective resin-sand coating, were comparable to the diffusivity of pure wood (ef-fective diffusivity 15-25 % higher). If the filler used is fragmented wood (chips, large frag-ments), the thermal diffusivity of the sample was significant, since heat is mainly distributed on the polymer-sandy channels between the pieces of wood.

From Farm to Forest: Factors Associated with Protecting and Planting Trees in a Panamanian Agricultural Landscape

Les fragments résiduels de forêt sèche sur la péninsule d’Azuero au Panama sont repré- sentatifs d’un des types forestiers les plus menacés à l’échelle de la planète, et qui a quasiment disparu au Panama. Dans de telles zones de production agricole et d’éle- vage, les arbres hors forêt sont indispensa- bles à la connectivité du paysage, à la survie des espèces autochtones et au maintien des services écosystémiques associés à ces frag- ments forestiers résiduels. Les enquêtes que nous avons menées auprès de gestionnaires terriens dans la province de Los Santos au Panama montrent que les agriculteurs dans cette région protègent et plantent des arbres pour des motifs différents. Alors qu’ils protè- gent les arbres pour plusieurs raisons (comme source de bois, de fruits, de fourrage et d’ombre, et pour leur protection de l’eau), ils en plantent surtout pour produire du bois et des fruits, qui leur assurent des revenus tangibles. Par ailleurs, dans cette région, les sites où les arbres sont plantés sont plus diversifiés et plus spécifiques que les sites où les arbres sont protégés. Six essences sont fréquemment utilisées pour la création de haies vives au Los Santos, et les proprié- taires de ces haies gardent souvent des arbres utiles pour le fourrage et le bois à proximité. La gestion coopérative des haies vives pourrait ainsi devenir un moyen effi- cace pour augmenter la connectivité des pay- sages dans cette région où ils sont fortement fragmentés. Nos résultats indiquent que les agriculteurs de Los Santos plantent des arbres ou les protègent dans leurs terres pro- ductives pour des raisons très différentes. Ces différences entre leurs motivations ont des implications importantes qui doivent être prises en compte dans les approches visant à accroître la couverture forestière dans la région. Les projets visant à promou- voir la régénération naturelle des forêts encouragent les agriculteurs à protéger les arbres sur leurs terres, et pourraient mieux réussir en mettant l’accent sur les services écosystémiques intangibles tels que la pro- tection de l’eau à moindre coût. À l’inverse, les projets visant à promouvoir la plantation d’arbres doivent en démontrer les bénéfices économiques tangibles.