Negative Effects of Deep Roadside Ditches onPelophylax porosa brevipodaDispersal and Migration in Comparison withHyla japonicain a Rice Paddy Area in Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Naito ◽  
Masaru Sakai ◽  
Yukihiro Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Paddy Area

Regional allocation of irrigation water in a rice paddy area with water-saving practices

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeya Maeda ◽  
Tatsuya Nagamochi ◽  
Toshihiko Kawachi ◽  
Junichiro Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Paddy Area ◽  
Regional Allocation

Environmental Safety in the Zone of Influence of Uranium Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.I. Lyashenko ◽  
T.V. Chekushina ◽  
I.A. Lisovoy ◽  
T.S. Lisovaya
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Vegetation Layer

It is shown that the improvement of the environmental situation at the sites of mountain sites is achieved through the implementation of planning activities that include: the organization of storm sewers to collect surface and filtered through the dumps of water, supply them to the mine waters treatment plant; isolation of the surface of the dumps by the soil and vegetation layer, which prevents dust emission and migration of radionuclides from the effects of precipitation; recultivation of contaminated radionuclides in the process of production activities of local areas with a total area of 20 thousand m2. Rehabilitation measures to minimize negative effects on the environment and human health from the effects of radiation and other polluting factors have been scientifically substantiated, developed and implemented.

scholarly journals Genetic Modification of Animals: Potential benefits and concerns

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
David A. Mbah ◽  
Chi Lawrence Tawah ◽  
Magellan Guewo-Fokeng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genetic Modification ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Targeted Analysis ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Migration ◽  
La Modification ◽  
Gm Animals

Genetic modification (GM), a process whereby gene and genotype frequencies are changed among individuals of each generation, is driven by  natural and artificial forces. Natural forces include mutation, fitness and migration/introgression, while artificial forces include selection,  crossbreeding and transgenesis/genetic engineering. Genetic modification, driven by natural forces, is essentially adaptive, while modification driven by artificial forces is controlled by human intervention aimed at meeting food, health and other needs. Conventional genetic modification, under sexual reproduction within species, produces both beneficial and negative effects. Modern genetic modification – interspecific exchange of genes using genetic engineering – has beneficial and negative effects as well, which are at varying degrees depending on the species involved. Control/management systems/mechanisms are developed and applied to enable societal benefits while minimizing/preventing negative effects of conventional and modern genetic modification. Targeted analysis of selected nutrients in animal products is made on a case-by-case basis to test substantial equivalence of any compositional changes resulting from genetic modification. Unique identifiers are established to track GM animals and their products in the food chain. Modification génétique, processus par lequel les fréquences des gènes et des génotypes sont changes parmi les individus de chaque génération, est entraînée par des forces naturelles et artificielles. Les forces naturelles incluent la mutation, compétence de mère/père pour se  reproduire/survivre et la migration / introgression. Les forces artificielles comprennent la sélection, le croisement et la transgénèse / génie génétique. La modification génétique entraînée par les forces naturelles est essentiellement adaptative, tandis que celle entraînée par les forces artificielles est contrôlée par une intervention humaine visant à répondre aux besoins alimentaires, sanitaires et autres. La modification génétique conventionnelle, lors de la reproduction sexuelle au sein des espèces, produit des effets à la fois bénéfiques et négatifs. Modification génétique moderne - échange interspécifique de gènes par génie génétique - a également des effets bénéfiques et négatifs mais à des degrés divers selon les espèces impliquées. Des systèmes / mécanismes de contrôle / gestion sont développés et appliqués pour permettre des avantages pour la société tout en minimisant / empêchant les effets négatifs des modifications génétiques conventionnelles et modernes. Une analyse ciblée de nutriments sélectionnés dans les produits d’origine animale est effectuée au cas par cas afin de tester l’équivalence substantielle de tout changement de composition résultant d’une modification génétique. Des identifiants uniques sont établis pour suivre les animaux GM et leurs produits dans la chaîne alimentaire.

scholarly journals Are Supplements Safe? Effects of Gallic and Ferulic Acids on In Vitro Cell Models

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Truzzi ◽  
Maria Chiara Valerii ◽  
Camilla Tibaldi ◽  
Yanxin Zhang ◽  
Veronika Abduazizova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mucosal Layer ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Ferulic Acids

Polyphenols display health-promoting properties linked to their biological activities. They are initially absorbed in the small intestine, then they are largely metabolized in the colon, whereupon they are able to exert systemic effects. The health-promoting properties of polyphenols have led to the development of food supplements, which are also largely consumed by healthy people, even if data on their safety are still yet lacking. In the present paper, the content of gallic acid and ferulic acid was analyzed in two supplements, and shown to be higher than the relative contents found in fruit and flour. To evaluate the effects of these phenolic compounds on epithelial intestinal tissue, gallic and ferulic acids were added to a new in vitro model of the intestinal wall at different concentrations. The effects on viability, proliferation and migration of these compounds were respectively tested on three different cell lines (Caco2, L929 and U937), as well as on a tridimensional intestinal model, composed of a mucosal layer and a submucosa with fibroblasts and monocytes. Results indicated that gallic and ferulic acids can exert toxic effects on in vitro cell models at high concentrations, suggesting that an excessive and uncontrolled consumption of polyphenols may induce negative effects on the intestinal wall.

Violent Loyalties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane G.V. McGaughey
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lower Canada ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
Great Irish Famine ◽  
Gender And Migration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Migration

Upper and Lower Canada were parts of the Irish Diaspora that presented strong representations of Irish masculinities and deeply-held beliefs about Irish manliness in the decades prior to the Great Irish Famine. While histories of the famine and of the Irish in Canada in the second half of the nineteenth century continue to garner important attention and scholarship, the aim of this history is to relate and reposition the stories of earlier Irish male migrants to the Canadas so that their gendered, violent, and loyal experiences can take their place within the larger story of gender and migration across the Irish Diaspora. Using various case studies from the period of 1798 until 1841, this book argues that Irishmen living in the Canadas were the subject of a vast array of manly constructions and representations. Their involvement in creating, sustaining, or destroying these images and stereotypes had lasting positive and negative effects depending upon one’s position within colonial society. For those who prospered because of how Irish manliness was seen and understood, the themes of gender, violence, and loyalty were part of how they embedded themselves within the fabric of the Canadian colonies and the wider British Empire. For those who were treated poorly because of presumptions made about their manhood, their capacity for violence, or their Irish ethnicity, the Canadas could be an unfriendly and dismissive space. ‘Irishness’ in this period was experienced and defined very differently by individual Irishmen and by the collective fraternities they embodied.

scholarly journals February precipitation in the wintering grounds of the lesser whitethroat, Sylvia curruca : is it a cue for migration onset?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 160755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irith Aloni ◽  
Shai Markman ◽  
Yaron Ziv
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wintering Grounds ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Habitat Productivity ◽  
Migration Phenology ◽  
Spring Arrival ◽  
And Migration

Numerous studies report shifts in bird migration phenology, presumably owing to global warming. However, most studies focus on migration patterns in the Northern Hemisphere. In this study, we investigated associations between weather conditions in African wintering grounds of the lesser whitethroat, Sylvia curruca, and spring arrival time in Eilat, Israel. Using multivariate regression models, we analysed a 30-year dataset in order to examine correlations between median springtime arrival and 46 climate variables of the wintering quarters. The model obtained exhibited a highly statistical fit, involving mean precipitation in February and March with negative effects and number of wet days during November–February. February precipitation levels were also the major factor associated with the interquartile range of arrival time. Interestingly and contrary to published results, annual or seasonal precipitation showed no correlation with spring arrival time, nor did temperature. Moreover, winter in this region falls into dry season with negligible rainfall quantities. Hence, it is unlikely that precipitation effect on habitat productivity is a driving force of migration, as suggested by other studies. Instead, we propose that precipitation in February acts as a cue for the birds, indicating the approach of spring and migration time.

Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Heterotrophic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Anoxic Paddy Soil of Flooded Rice Microcosms

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Duongruitai Nicomrat ◽  
Siriphatrc Chamutpong
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anoxic Paddy Soil

Although silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been applied more in our daily life. They are well known for their antimicrobial activities against a wide range of organisms but more concerns on the negative effects of AgNP products contaminated to the environment especially on most microorganism niches related to nutrient cycling in ecosystem. In the study, research was done to in understand the effects of AgNPs on heterotrophic bacterial populations in rice paddy soil. Both culturable N2-fixing bacteria and common heterotrophic bacteria could adapt themselves to AgNPs at low concentration (less than 50 ppm). However, more distinct reduction in N2-fixing bacteria against AgNPs were detected than heterotrophic bacterial niches at least 100 ppm AgNPs . These evidences indicated AgNPs at high concentration had significant adverse effects on the diverse microbial consortiums as well as rice seedlings.

Slow dam passage in adult Columbia River salmonids associated with unsuccessful migration: delayed negative effects of passage obstacles or condition-dependent mortality?

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 979-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C Caudill ◽  
William R Daigle ◽  
Matthew L Keefer ◽  
Charles T Boggs ◽  
Michael A Jepson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Phenotypic Condition ◽  
Ecological Mechanisms ◽  
Selection For ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Passage Times

The relationships among behavior, environment, and migration success in anadromous fishes are poorly understood. We monitored migration behavior at eight Columbia and Snake river dams for 18 286 adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (sea-run Oncorhynchus mykiss) over 7 years using radiotelemetry. When statistically controlling for variation in flow, temperature, fisheries take, and other environmental variables, we observed that unsuccessful individuals — those not observed to reach spawning areas — had longer passage times at nearly all dams than fish that eventually reached tributaries. In many cases, times were also longer for unsuccessful adults passing through a multiple-dam reach. Four ecological mechanisms may have contributed to these patterns: (i) environmental factors not accounted for in the analyses; (ii) inefficient responses by some fish to passage conditions at dams that resulted in slowed passage, energetic depletion, and unsuccessful migration; (iii) ongoing selection for traits needed to pass obstructions; and (or) (iv) passage rate was not directly linked to migration success, but rather, both resulted from relatively poor phenotypic condition upon river entry in unsuccessful migrants. Overall, these results illustrate the need for a mechanistic understanding of the factors that influence migration success and the need for fitness-based criteria to assess the effects of dams on anadromous fishes.

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