Pendugaan Parameter Genetik, Korelasi, dan Klasterisasi 20 Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)

Estimation of Genetic Parameters, Correlation, and Clusterization of Twenty Genotypes of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.). This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station with altitude about 450 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and B type of climate, beginning from May 2008 until December 2009. It was aimed to analyze the genetic parameter, correlation, and clusterization of twenty genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with twenty genotypes of physic nut as treatment and three replications was used in this study. Variable observed were vegetative, generative, and yield characters, and the data observed were analyzed by anova, correlation, factor analyses, and cluster analyses. Results showed that : (1) the genetic variability of number of inflorescence/tree, number of bunchs/branch, number of bunch/tree, number of fruit harvested/tree, and weight of one fruit were narrow. Heritability and genetic advanced of these characters were rather high until high. Selection of these characters can be effective; (2) genotypic and phenotypic correlation of number of inflorescense/tree, number of bunch/branch, and number of bunch/tree were positive significant on number of fruit harvested. Phenotypically, plant height were positive correlated and number of primary branch/tree was negative correlated on number of fruits harvested; and (3) clusterizaton results six clusters. Rescaled distance between cluster I, II, and IV were rather near, whereas between cluster III, V, and VI were rather far as well as if compared to cluser I, II, and IV. AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan di KP Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Desember 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis parameter genetik, korelasi, dan klasterisasi 20 genotipe jarak pagar. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 20 genotipe sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, dan hasil. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis ragam, analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, dan analisis klaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah infloresen/pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, jumlah tandan buah/pohon, jumlah buah panen/ pohon, dan bobot satu butir buah memiliki variabilitas genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik yang cukup tinggi sampai tinggi. Seleksi terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut akan efektif. (2) Karakter jumlah infloresen/ pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, dan jumlah tandan buah/ pohon berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah panen, baik secara genotipik maupun fenotipik. Secara fenotipik, tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dan jumlah cabang primer/pohon berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah panen. (3) Klasterisasi menghasilkan enam klaster. Antara klaster I, II, dan IV mempunyai jarak yang agak dekat, sedangkan antara klaster III, V, dan VI agak jauh, demikian juga antara klaster I, II, dan IV.

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Keragaman Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Aksesi Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) di Daerah Pesisir Pantai

Buletin Agrohorti ◽

10.29244/agrob.1.1.34-44 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Ali Ahkamulloh ◽

Endang Murniati ◽

Memen Surahman

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Block Design ◽

Physic Nut ◽

West Java ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Central Java ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Provenance Trials ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

The aim of this research was to know the growth various accesions of physic nut in coastal area. This research was conducted from March until October 2011 at Wonokerto Kulon coastal area, Pekalongan. The evaluated accesion were derived from 14 selected parent plants originated from Central Java, South Sulawesi, West Java and West Nusa Tenggara. The accesions were selected based on provenance trials in the previous research. The seeds were germinated in the seed nursery. The seedlings were planted in to the field (8 WAP). This research was arranged in randomized complete block design. The result of this research showed that Bogor 80-11-5 and IP-2P 110-1-4 are the best accesion. Bontomaramu 1-1, Medan and Pinrang. Sukabumi, Bengkulu 3, Gunung Tambora, Lombok 59-1-2, Aceh Besar, Bima, Bone, Dompu and Luwu Utara are not good to be planted in coastal area.Keywords: accesion, physic nut, coastal area

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KERAGAMAN GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI ANTAR KARAKTER 10 GENOTIPE TERPILIH JARAK PAGAR (JATROPHA CURCAS L.)

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.74-80 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

R r. SRI HARTATI ◽

ASEP SETIAWAN ◽

BAMBANG HELIYANTO ◽

SUDARSONO SUDARSONO

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Block Design ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Yield Component ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Jatropha Curcas L

ABSTRAK Untuk menyusun program pemuliaan jarak pagar berdaya hasil tinggi, diperlukan populasi dasar yang memiliki keragaman genetik yang tinggi terutama pada karakter yang berkaitan dengan daya hasil tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi antar karakter genotipe terpilih. Sepuluh genotipe dievaluasi di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri Pakuwon, Sukabumi mulai bulan Agustus 2009 - Juli 2010. Rancangan lingkungan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 5 tanaman yang ditanam dalam 1 baris dengan jarak antar baris 2 m dan jarak dalam baris 1 m. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap karakter vegetatif (meliputi tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang, lebar kanopi, dan jumlah cabang total), karakter generatif (meliputi jumlah cabang produktif, umur mulai berbunga, jumlah tandan bunga, jumah tandan buah, fruit set), serta komponen hasil yaitu jumlah buah per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 genotipe yang dievaluasi memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas pada karakter generatif umur mulai berbunga, jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah tandan buah, dan jumlah buah per tanaman dengan nilai koefisien keragaman genetik (KKG) berturut-turut 21,89; 29,77; 32,08; dan 33,75. Karakter-karakter ini memiliki ragam genetik luas dan heritabilitas dalam arti luas yang tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kriteria seleksi. Karakter vegetatif jumlah cabang total memiliki keragaman genetik agak luas, heritabilitas tinggi, dan berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah tandan buah, dan jumlah buah per tanaman sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai kriteria seleksi. Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas, keragaman fenotipik, koefisien keragaman, ragam genetik, kriteria seleksiABSTRACT Genetic variability, heritability, and correlation among characters of 10 selected genotypes of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) To arrange breeding programme of jatropha high yielding varieties, it is required population base having high genetic variabilities, especially in yield components. The objectives of this research were to evaluate genetic variability, heritability estimate, and analyze correlation among characters of 10 physic nut genotypes. Ten Jatropha curcas genotypes were evaluated at Pakuwon Experimental Station of Indonesian Spice and Industrial Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from August 2009 - July 2010. A randomized complete block design with 3 replicates was applied in this experiment. Each experimental unit consisted of five plants grown in a row with 2 m spacing in line and 1 m in row. The observations were made for vegetative characters (plant height, stem girth, canopy width, and number of total branches per plant), generative characters (days to flowering, number of productive branches, inflorescences, fruit bunches per plant, and fruit set percentages), and yield component : number of fruit per plant. Results of the experiments indicated that the evaluated genotypes had wide genetic variability on several generative characters i.e. days to flowering, number of inflorescences, number of fruit bunches, and number of fruits per plant with genotypic variability coefficient (GVC) values of 21.89; 29.77; 32.08; and 33.75, respectively. Their genetic variabilities were broad and high heritability. The total number of branches as a vegetative character was fairly wide in genetic diversity, high heritability, and positively correlated with number of inflorescences, bunches, and fruits per plant. These characters can be considered as selection criteria. Key words : Jatropha curcas L., phenotypic variability, coefficient of variation, genetic variability, selection criterion

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PENGARUH MINYAK JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas LINN.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS, BERAT PUPA, DAN PENELURAN HAMA JARAK KEPYAR

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v16n4.2010.159-164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

TUKIMIN S W ◽

DECIYANTO SOETOPO ◽

ELNA KARMAWATI

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Key Words ◽

Phorbol Ester ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Block Design ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Achaea Janata

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengaruh minyak jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)terhadap mortalitas, berat pupa dan peneluran larva Achaea janata belumpernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukansebelumnya minyak jarak pagar mengandung phorbol ester yang dapatdigunakan sebagai biopestisida dan Achaea janata merupakan hama utamapada tanaman jarak kepyar. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan diLaboratorium Entomologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan SeratMalang pada bulan April - Juli 2009, menggunakan rancangan acakkelompok dengan 4 perlakuan konsentrasi minyak jarak pagar, satupembanding, satu kontrol air dan kontrol detergen, diulang tiga kali.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efek phorbol ester dalamminyak biji jarak pagar (MJP) untuk membunuh larva A. janata. Duaaksesi minyak biji jarak pagar yang diuji adalah: SP 67 asal SulawesiSelatan dan Jatim 45 asal Jawa Timur. Pengamatan meliputi jumlahmortalitas larva, berat prepupa, pupa, jumlah telur, dan telur tetas. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesi SP 67 yang memiliki kandunganphorbol ester 9,49 µg/ml dengan konsentrasi 5 ml minyak biji jarak pagar(J. curcas) + 1 g detergen/liter air cukup efektif dan mengakibatkanmortalitas larva A. janata 85,34%, LC 50 =2,33 ml/L, 72 jam setelahpenyemprotan. Jumlah telur 362 butir dan telur tetas 34,27%. Aksesi Jatim45 yang memiliki kandungan phorbol ester 4,39 µg/ml dengan konsentrasi10 ml minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) + 1 g detergen/liter air cukupefektif dan mengakibatkan mortalitas larva A. janata 85,34%, LC 50 = 9,35ml/liter pada 72 jam setelah penyemprotan. Jumlah telur 487 butir dantelur tetas 34,75%. Kedua aksesi tersebut mengakibatkan mortalitas larvaA. janata dan efek lanjutan mengakibatkan cacat larva, prepupa, dan pupa,penurunan jumlah telur dan presentase telur tetas.Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas L, phorbol ester, aksesi, minyak biji jarakpagar, mortalitas, larva, Achaea janata L.ABSTRACTEffects of Jatropha curcas Crude Oil (JCO) on Mortality,Weight of Pupae, and Fertility of Achaea janataStudy on the effects of JCO on mortality, weight of pupae, andfertility of Achaea janata has never been done in Indonesia. Based onanalysis, JCO contains phorbol ester which can be used as biopesticide.A. janata is a main pest on castor oil plants. This study was carried out atEntomology Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops ResearchInstitute (ITOFCRI) in Malang from April through July 2009. Theexperiment was arranged using randomized block design with 7 treatmentsand 3 replicates. The objective of the research was to find out the ability ofJCO to kill larvae of A. janata and its effect on pupae weight and fertility.This experiment tested two physic nut accessions : SP 67 (originated fromSouth Sulawesi) and Jatim 45 (from East Java). Observations included thenumber of larvae mortality, weights of prepupae and pupae, number ofeggs, and percentage of hatches. Results showed that SP 67 accessioncontaining 9.49 µg phorbol ester/ml oil with concentration of 5 ml JCO +1 g detergent/l was fairly effective to kill larvae of A. janata (LC 50 = 2.33ml/l) after 72 hours of spraying. Pupae laid 362 eggs and only 34.27% ofthe eggs hatched. Jatim 45 accession containing 4.3 g/µg phorbol ester perml oil with concentration of 10 ml JCO + 1 g detergen/l was fairlyeffective to kill larvae of A. janata (LC 50 = 9.35 ml/l) after 72 hours ofspraying. Only 34.75 % of the 487 eggs hatched.Key words: Jatropha curcas L., phorbol ester, accessions, JCO,mortalily, larvae, Achaea janata L.

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HASIL DAN STABILITAS HASIL DUA PULUH GENOTIPE JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) SELAMA SEMBILAN BELAS BULAN BERPRODUKSI

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v16n3.2010.126-133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

EDI WARDIANA ◽

DIBYO PRANOWO

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Block Design ◽

Yield Stability ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Climate Type ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Gxe Interaction ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

ABSTRAKPengujian interaksi genotipe dengan lingkungan (GxE) serta analisisstabilitas hasil suatu genotipe merupakan hal yang penting dalam programpemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis hasil danstabilitas hasil 20 genotipe tanaman jarak pagar telah dilakukan di KebunPercobaan Pakuwon, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat 450m dpl dengan jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B mulai bulan Mei 2008sampai Desember 2009. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelom-pok lengkap dengan 20 perlakuan genotipe tanaman dan tiga ulangan.Peubah yang dianalisis adalah jumlah buah panen selama 19 bulanberproduksi. Analisis ragam dilakukan secara gabungan antara 20 genotipedengan 19 lingkungan (umur tanaman) dan analisis stabilitas hasilmengikuti metode Eberhart dan Russel (1966). Hasil penelitian menunjuk-kan bahwa berdasarkan pada hasil jumlah buah panen selama 19 bulanberproduksi terdapat enam genotipe jarak pagar yang dapat diklasifikasi-kan ke dalam genotipe yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan stabil, yaitu PT7,PT13, PT14, PT15, PT33, dan 3189. Sedangkan MT7 dan HS49diklasifikasikan ke dalam genotipe berdaya hasil tinggi tetapi tidak stabil.Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L., interaksi GxE, hasil, stabilitas hasilABSTRACTYield and yield stability of twenty genotypes of physic nut(Jatropha curcas L.) during nineteen months ofproductionGenotype and environment interaction (GxE) and yield stabilityanalysis of the genotypes is more important in plant breeding program.This experiment was carried out from May 2008 until December 2009 atPakuwon Experimental Station, Sukabumi, West Java with altitude about450 m above sea level, Latosol soil type and B climate type. The objectiveof this experiment was to analyze the yield and yield stability of 20genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with 20treatments of physic nut genotype and three replications was used in thisstudy, and the variabel observed was number of fruit harvested per month.Data were analyzed by combined analysis of variance and stabilityanalysis using Eberhart and Russel (1966) methods. Result showed thatbased on number of fruit harvested during 19 months production the PT7,PT13, PT14, PT15, PT33 and 3189 were classified as high yielding andstable genotypes. While, MT7 and HS49 were classified as high yieldingand unstable genotypes.Key words : Jatropha curcas L., GxE interaction, yield, yield stability.

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