Keragaman Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Aksesi Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)  di Daerah Pesisir Pantai

The aim of this research was to know the growth various accesions of physic nut in coastal area. This research was conducted from March until October 2011 at Wonokerto Kulon coastal area, Pekalongan. The evaluated accesion were derived from 14 selected parent plants originated from Central Java, South Sulawesi, West Java and West Nusa Tenggara. The accesions were selected based on provenance trials in the previous research. The seeds were germinated in the seed nursery. The seedlings were planted in to the field (8 WAP). This research was arranged in randomized complete block design. The result of this research showed that Bogor 80-11-5 and IP-2P 110-1-4 are the best accesion. Bontomaramu 1-1, Medan and Pinrang. Sukabumi, Bengkulu 3, Gunung Tambora, Lombok 59-1-2, Aceh Besar, Bima, Bone, Dompu and Luwu Utara are not good to be planted in coastal area.Keywords: accesion, physic nut, coastal area

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HASIL DAN STABILITAS HASIL DUA PULUH GENOTIPE JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) SELAMA SEMBILAN BELAS BULAN BERPRODUKSI

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v16n3.2010.126-133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

EDI WARDIANA ◽

DIBYO PRANOWO

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Block Design ◽

Yield Stability ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Climate Type ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Gxe Interaction ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

ABSTRAKPengujian interaksi genotipe dengan lingkungan (GxE) serta analisisstabilitas hasil suatu genotipe merupakan hal yang penting dalam programpemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis hasil danstabilitas hasil 20 genotipe tanaman jarak pagar telah dilakukan di KebunPercobaan Pakuwon, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat 450m dpl dengan jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B mulai bulan Mei 2008sampai Desember 2009. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelom-pok lengkap dengan 20 perlakuan genotipe tanaman dan tiga ulangan.Peubah yang dianalisis adalah jumlah buah panen selama 19 bulanberproduksi. Analisis ragam dilakukan secara gabungan antara 20 genotipedengan 19 lingkungan (umur tanaman) dan analisis stabilitas hasilmengikuti metode Eberhart dan Russel (1966). Hasil penelitian menunjuk-kan bahwa berdasarkan pada hasil jumlah buah panen selama 19 bulanberproduksi terdapat enam genotipe jarak pagar yang dapat diklasifikasi-kan ke dalam genotipe yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan stabil, yaitu PT7,PT13, PT14, PT15, PT33, dan 3189. Sedangkan MT7 dan HS49diklasifikasikan ke dalam genotipe berdaya hasil tinggi tetapi tidak stabil.Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L., interaksi GxE, hasil, stabilitas hasilABSTRACTYield and yield stability of twenty genotypes of physic nut(Jatropha curcas L.) during nineteen months ofproductionGenotype and environment interaction (GxE) and yield stabilityanalysis of the genotypes is more important in plant breeding program.This experiment was carried out from May 2008 until December 2009 atPakuwon Experimental Station, Sukabumi, West Java with altitude about450 m above sea level, Latosol soil type and B climate type. The objectiveof this experiment was to analyze the yield and yield stability of 20genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with 20treatments of physic nut genotype and three replications was used in thisstudy, and the variabel observed was number of fruit harvested per month.Data were analyzed by combined analysis of variance and stabilityanalysis using Eberhart and Russel (1966) methods. Result showed thatbased on number of fruit harvested during 19 months production the PT7,PT13, PT14, PT15, PT33 and 3189 were classified as high yielding andstable genotypes. While, MT7 and HS49 were classified as high yieldingand unstable genotypes.Key words : Jatropha curcas L., GxE interaction, yield, yield stability.

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Pertumbuhan dan Potensi Produksi Beberapa Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcasL.) di Tanah Masam

Buletin Agrohorti ◽

10.29244/agrob.1.1.23-33 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Indah Retnowati ◽

Memen Surahman

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Soil Types ◽

Physic Nut ◽

West Java ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

Indonesia has extensive acid soil but its utility is still limited because of its low nutrient content. Jatropha is a plant which can grow on various soil types, includes on marginal one, and has used as raw material for biodiesel. Therefore, the growth of jatropha on acid soil need to be studied as an effort for developing jatropha and utility of acid soil in Indonesia. To initiate the effort, research to grow various jatropha genotypes on acid soil was done. The objectives of this research was to obtain a potential tolerant jatropha genotype for acid soil. The research was conducted at UPTD Development of Dryland Technology at Singabraja Village, Tenjo Subdistrict, Bogor, West Java, from November 2010 – August 2011. This research using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with jatropha genotype as factor. The result showed that there were differences in growth among the jatropha genotypes. There are five jatropha genotypes with better growth in acid soil (pH 5.0) compare to others, i.e. Medan I-5-1, Dompu, IP-2P-3-4-1, Sulawesi, and Bima M.Keywords: physic nut, genotypes, Jatropha curcas, acid soil

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IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE AS A MODEL OF SATO UMI TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITHIN COASTAL AREA OF INDONESIA

Proceedings of International Conference "Managinag risks to coastal regions and communities in a changinag world" (EMECS'11 - SeaCoasts XXVI) ◽

10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316061289 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Suhendar I Sachoemar ◽

Tetsuo Yanagi ◽

Mitsutaku Makino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coastal Area ◽

Sustainable Aquaculture ◽

The South ◽

West Java ◽

The Public ◽

Central Java ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Similar Program ◽

Technology Dissemination

The development of sustainable model of aquaculture by applying Sato Umi concept within coastal area of Indonesia has expanded from the center of first experiment in the northern coastal area of west Java to central Java (western Indonesia) and Bantaeng in the South Sulawesi of central Indonesia. The similar program has also been proposed for Maluku Province in the eastern part of Indonesia. In the next 5 years, Indonesia is developing the Techno Parks Program in some areas, in which aquaculture and fisheries activities development on the base of Sato Umi concept in the coastal area are involves in this program. The development of Techno Parks are directed as a center application of technology to stimulate the economy in the regency, and a place of training, apprenticeship, technology dissemination center, and center business advocacy for the public. Hopely, Sato Umi concept that has a similar spirit with Techno Park can be applied to support the implementation of Techno Park program in Indonesia

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Varietas Non Hibrida Cabai Besar Anies IPB

Comm Horticulturae Journal ◽

10.29244/chj.1.1.56-64 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Muhamad Syukur ◽

Sobir , ◽

Siti Marwiyah ◽

Awang Maharijaya ◽

Anas D. Susila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Stability ◽

Block Design ◽

Female Parent ◽

West Java ◽

Harvesting Time ◽

Central Java ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

High Level ◽

Selection Of

The pepper is very important horticultural commodities. The purpose of this research was to study the advantagesof Anies IPB varieties and develop the description. Anies IPB was the result of the selection of segregating populations from the crosses of IPB C120 (as the female parent) and IPB C5 (as the male parent). The experiments were performed in four locations namely Boyolali (Central Java), Sumedang (West Java), and Bogor (West Java). The experimental used the randomized complete block design (RCBD) two factors with three replications. The replications nested within the locations. The first factor was 9 lines and 2 open pollinated varieties, and the second factor was the three locations. Each lines on each replicate in each location were planted 24 plants. The results showed that the superiority of Anies IPB varieties were (1) The productivity of Anies IPB was higher than the check varieties. Productivity can reach 18.6 tons ha-1. (2) Anies IPB has fruit that was longer than the Tit Super and Trisula. (3) Anies IPB has early-harvesting time, ranged between 76.67 - 84.67 days after planting. (4) Anies IPB has a high level of stability and classified into the dynamic stability, which means that veryadaptive to the optimum environment.Keyword: non hybrid, pepper productivity superiority, variety

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KERAGAAN MORFOLOGI DAN HASIL 60 INDIVIDU JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) TERPILIH DI KEBUN PERCOBAAN PAKUWON SUKABUMI

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v15n4.2009.152-161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 152

Author(s):

R.R. SRI HARTATI ◽

A. SETIAWAN ◽

B. HELIYANTO ◽

D. PRANOWO ◽

SUDARSONO SUDARSONO

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Oil Content ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Phenotypic Selection ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Central Java ◽

Plant Breeding Program

ABSTRAKDi Indonesia, jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanamanpenting untuk menghasilkan biofuel. Dari biji tanaman ini dapatdiekstraksi bahan bakar biokerosen dan biodiesel. Tetapi potensi hasiltanaman ini perlu ditingkatkan agar pemanfaatannya dapat mempunyainilai komersial. Peningkatan potensi hasil tanaman jarak pagar dapatdilakukan dengan program pemuliaan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian yangdilakukan adalah mengevaluasi karakter vegetatif dan generatif sertapotensi hasil dari individu J. curcas hasil seleksi di Kebun Induk JarakPagar Pakuwon, Sukabumi. Penelitian ini juga mempelajari korelasi antarakarakter vegetatif dan generatif serta potensi hasil dari tanaman yangdievaluasi. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya digunakan untuk meng-identifikasi individu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tetuapotensial untuk program pengembangan kultivar J. curcas yang berdayahasil tinggi. Tanaman yang dievaluasi berasal dari 20 genotipe terpilihyang berasal dari Lampung, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Nusa TenggaraBarat dan Sulawesi. Genotipe-genotipe tersebut diseleksi berdasarkan hasiluji provenan yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Dari setiap genotipeterpilih diambil tiga butir benih. Benih-benih tersebut kemudiandikecambahkan di tempat pembibitan yang terkontrol dan setelah berumur2 bulan bibit ditanam di lapangan pada tanggal 22 Mei 2007. Karaktervegetatif dan generatif serta potensi hasil dari individu-individu yangdievaluasi dimonitor selama satu tahun (1 Agustus 2007 – 31 Juli 2008).Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan tanaman-tanaman yang diuji(merupakan keturunan dari 20 genotipe J. curcas hasil seleksi), bervariasipada karakter tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang, dan percabangan. Tanaman-tanaman tersebut juga menunjukkan variasi pada umur berbunga, jumlahinfloresen, jumlah tandan buah, jumlah buah, dan jumlah biji serta kadarminyak biji. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah infloresen, dan jumlah tandan buahberkorelasi positif dengan hasil buah dan biji per tanaman. Sementara ituumur berbunga berkorelasi negatif dengan semua karakter generatif.Berdasarkan karakter vegetatif dan generatif serta potensi hasilnya,teridentifikasi tiga individu yang berpotensi sebagai tetua untukpengembangan kultivar J. curcas yang berdaya hasil tinggi. Individu-individu tersebut adalah HS 49-2, PT 13-2, dan PT 15-1. Ketiga individutersebut menghasilkan lebih dari 350 buah per tanaman dan kadarminyaknya berkisar antara 36 – 38%.Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L., evaluasi lapangan, seleksi fenotip,analisis korelasi, karakter vegetatif, karakter generatif, dayahasil, kandungan minyak bijiABSTRACTMorphologies and Yield Performances of 60 SelectedGenotypes of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) at PakuwonExperimental Station, SukabumiPhysic nut (Jatropha curcas L) is an important biofuelproducing crops in Indonesia. Biokerosene and biodiesel fuel could beextracted from seeds of this crop. Yield potential of this crop needs to beincreased in order to meet its commercial usage. Such yield potentialimprovement could be achieved through plant breeding program. Theobjectives of this research were to evaluate vegetative and generativecharacters and yield potentials of selected individual of J. curcas at KebunInduk Jarak Pagar Pakuwon, Sukabumi. This research was also intended toanalyze correlation among vegetative and generative characters and yieldpotentials of the evaluated genotypes. Subsequently, the collected datawere used to identify individual crop that can be used as potential parentgenotypes for developing new high yielding J. curcas cultivar. Theevaluated genotypes were derived from 20 selected parent plantsoriginated from Lampung, Central Java, East Java, West Nusa Tenggara,and Sulawesi. The genotypes were selected based on provenance trials inthe previous experiment. Three seeds were collected from each parentplant and were germinated in the controlled seed nursery conditions. Theseedlings were planted in the field on May 22, 2007 when they were 2months old. Vegetative and generative characters and yield potentials ofthe evaluated individuals were monitored for one year (August 1, 2007 toJuly 31, 2008). Results of the experiments indicated the tested genotypesderived from 20 selected J. curcas parent plants exhibited variabilities intheir height, stem girth, and branches characters. They also exhibited highvariabilities in their time of flowering, number of inflorescence, number ofbunches, number of fruits and nut per plant, and their oil contents. Plantheight, number of inflorescence, and number of bunches were positivelycorrelated with yield of fruits and nuts per plants. Meanwhile, time offlowering was negatively correlated with all generative characters. Basedon their vegetative and generative characters and their yield potentials,three genotypes were identified as the new potential parents for developinghigh yielding J. curcas cultivar. They were HS 49-2, PT 13-2, and PT 15-1. These newly selected genotypes yielded more than 350 fruits per plantwith 36 – 38 % seed oil content in their first year.Key words : Jatropha curcas L., field evaluation, phenotypic selection,correlation analysis, vegetative characters, generativecharacters, seed yield, oil content

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Pendugaan Parameter Genetik, Korelasi, dan Klasterisasi 20 Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p46-53 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Edi Wardiana ◽

Dibyo Pranowo

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Parameter ◽

Correlation Factor ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Branch Number ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Tree Number ◽

High Selection

Estimation of Genetic Parameters, Correlation, and Clusterization of Twenty Genotypes of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.). This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station with altitude about 450 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and B type of climate, beginning from May 2008 until December 2009. It was aimed to analyze the genetic parameter, correlation, and clusterization of twenty genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with twenty genotypes of physic nut as treatment and three replications was used in this study. Variable observed were vegetative, generative, and yield characters, and the data observed were analyzed by anova, correlation, factor analyses, and cluster analyses. Results showed that : (1) the genetic variability of number of inflorescence/tree, number of bunchs/branch, number of bunch/tree, number of fruit harvested/tree, and weight of one fruit were narrow. Heritability and genetic advanced of these characters were rather high until high. Selection of these characters can be effective; (2) genotypic and phenotypic correlation of number of inflorescense/tree, number of bunch/branch, and number of bunch/tree were positive significant on number of fruit harvested. Phenotypically, plant height were positive correlated and number of primary branch/tree was negative correlated on number of fruits harvested; and (3) clusterizaton results six clusters. Rescaled distance between cluster I, II, and IV were rather near, whereas between cluster III, V, and VI were rather far as well as if compared to cluser I, II, and IV. AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan di KP Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Desember 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis parameter genetik, korelasi, dan klasterisasi 20 genotipe jarak pagar. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 20 genotipe sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, dan hasil. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis ragam, analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, dan analisis klaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah infloresen/pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, jumlah tandan buah/pohon, jumlah buah panen/ pohon, dan bobot satu butir buah memiliki variabilitas genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik yang cukup tinggi sampai tinggi. Seleksi terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut akan efektif. (2) Karakter jumlah infloresen/ pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, dan jumlah tandan buah/ pohon berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah panen, baik secara genotipik maupun fenotipik. Secara fenotipik, tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dan jumlah cabang primer/pohon berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah panen. (3) Klasterisasi menghasilkan enam klaster. Antara klaster I, II, dan IV mempunyai jarak yang agak dekat, sedangkan antara klaster III, V, dan VI agak jauh, demikian juga antara klaster I, II, dan IV.

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JATROPHA PRODUCTION IN FUNCTION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION WITH CASSAVA WATER AND COW URINE

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v5i2.1855 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 6-12

Author(s):

Fábio Agra de Medeiros Nápoles ◽

José Thyago Aires Souza ◽

Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽

Giliane Aparecida Vicente da Silva Souza ◽

Denizard Oresca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Green Mass ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cow Urine

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) submitted to fertilization with cow urine and cassava water. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in the municipality of Lagoa Seca, Paraíba State, Brazil. A 5 x 5 factorial scheme was used in a randomized complete block design with 25 treatments and 4 replicates, using different volumes of cow urine and cassava water. Irrigation was performed twice a week corresponding to 100% of ET0, where all plants received the same water blade. The syrup with 750 mL of cassava water and 750 mL of cow urine provided a greater number of fruits (33.00); however, the larger green mass of the fruits (224.59 g) was obtained when cow urine was added into 1,000 mL of cassava water. The dry weight of the fruits obtained the lowest value (48.92 g), when 250 mL of cow urine was used in the absence of cassava water. The cow urine and cassava water increase production and weight of the fruit of jatropha, which can be used as organic fertilizer for the crop.

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KERAGAMAN GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI ANTAR KARAKTER 10 GENOTIPE TERPILIH JARAK PAGAR (JATROPHA CURCAS L.)

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.74-80 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

R r. SRI HARTATI ◽

ASEP SETIAWAN ◽

BAMBANG HELIYANTO ◽

SUDARSONO SUDARSONO

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Block Design ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Yield Component ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Jatropha Curcas L

ABSTRAK Untuk menyusun program pemuliaan jarak pagar berdaya hasil tinggi, diperlukan populasi dasar yang memiliki keragaman genetik yang tinggi terutama pada karakter yang berkaitan dengan daya hasil tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi antar karakter genotipe terpilih. Sepuluh genotipe dievaluasi di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri Pakuwon, Sukabumi mulai bulan Agustus 2009 - Juli 2010. Rancangan lingkungan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 5 tanaman yang ditanam dalam 1 baris dengan jarak antar baris 2 m dan jarak dalam baris 1 m. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap karakter vegetatif (meliputi tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang, lebar kanopi, dan jumlah cabang total), karakter generatif (meliputi jumlah cabang produktif, umur mulai berbunga, jumlah tandan bunga, jumah tandan buah, fruit set), serta komponen hasil yaitu jumlah buah per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 genotipe yang dievaluasi memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas pada karakter generatif umur mulai berbunga, jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah tandan buah, dan jumlah buah per tanaman dengan nilai koefisien keragaman genetik (KKG) berturut-turut 21,89; 29,77; 32,08; dan 33,75. Karakter-karakter ini memiliki ragam genetik luas dan heritabilitas dalam arti luas yang tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kriteria seleksi. Karakter vegetatif jumlah cabang total memiliki keragaman genetik agak luas, heritabilitas tinggi, dan berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah tandan buah, dan jumlah buah per tanaman sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai kriteria seleksi. Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas, keragaman fenotipik, koefisien keragaman, ragam genetik, kriteria seleksiABSTRACT Genetic variability, heritability, and correlation among characters of 10 selected genotypes of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) To arrange breeding programme of jatropha high yielding varieties, it is required population base having high genetic variabilities, especially in yield components. The objectives of this research were to evaluate genetic variability, heritability estimate, and analyze correlation among characters of 10 physic nut genotypes. Ten Jatropha curcas genotypes were evaluated at Pakuwon Experimental Station of Indonesian Spice and Industrial Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from August 2009 - July 2010. A randomized complete block design with 3 replicates was applied in this experiment. Each experimental unit consisted of five plants grown in a row with 2 m spacing in line and 1 m in row. The observations were made for vegetative characters (plant height, stem girth, canopy width, and number of total branches per plant), generative characters (days to flowering, number of productive branches, inflorescences, fruit bunches per plant, and fruit set percentages), and yield component : number of fruit per plant. Results of the experiments indicated that the evaluated genotypes had wide genetic variability on several generative characters i.e. days to flowering, number of inflorescences, number of fruit bunches, and number of fruits per plant with genotypic variability coefficient (GVC) values of 21.89; 29.77; 32.08; and 33.75, respectively. Their genetic variabilities were broad and high heritability. The total number of branches as a vegetative character was fairly wide in genetic diversity, high heritability, and positively correlated with number of inflorescences, bunches, and fruits per plant. These characters can be considered as selection criteria. Key words : Jatropha curcas L., phenotypic variability, coefficient of variation, genetic variability, selection criterion

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PENGARUH MINYAK BUNGKIL BIJI JARAK PAGAR TERHADAP MORTALITAS DAN PENELURAN Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.54-59 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

S.W. TUKIMIN ◽

ELNA KARMAWATI

Keyword(s):

Phorbol Ester ◽

Helicoverpa Armigera ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Helicoverpa Armígera ◽

Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner

ABSTRAK Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) menghasilkan limbah dari biji pada saat pemrosesan biji menjadi minyak kasar (JCO). Limbah ini berupa bungkil yang dapat dimanfaatkan baik untuk pupuk organik maupun untuk bahan pestisida nabati. Bahan kimia yang bersifat toksik terhadap serangga dalam biji jarak pagar adalah phorbol ester dan curcin. Keduanya terikat dalam minyak ketika pemrosesan dan efektif untuk mengendalikan beberapa hama tanaman perkebunan setelah diformulasi. Ternyata di dalam bungkil sebagai limbahnya masih tersisa kedua bahan aktif tersebut, oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas formula ekstrak bungkil jarak pagar terhadap hama utama kapas yaitu Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Entomologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas Malang) pada bulan April sampai Desember 2010 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan (4 perlakuan konsentrasi dan 2 kontrol) dan 4 ulangan. Biji jarak pagar yang digunakan merupakan aksesi dari Sulawesi Selatan, Lampung, dan Jawa Timur. Bungkil dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, kemudian diformulasi menggunakan detergen dengan konsentrasi 5, 10, 20, dan 40 ml ditambah masing-masing 1 g detergen dalam 1 liter larutan. Aplikasi dilakukan dua macam sebagai racun kontak dan racun pakan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap mortalitas, berat pupa, dan peneluran serangga pada 24, 48, 72, dan 120 jam setelah aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutan efektivitas aksesi jarak pagar adalah Sulawesi Selatan, Lampung, dan Jawa Timur yang ternyata berkorelasi positif dengan kandungan phorbol ester yaitu 9,39; 6,64; dan 4,39 µg/ml. Tidak satu butirpun telur yang diletakkan pada aplikasi 10 ml aksesi Sulsel + 1 g detergen/l larutan dan 20 ml aksesi Jatim + 1 g detergen/l larutan. Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L, curcin, phorbol ester, bungkil biji jarak pagar, Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, mortalitas, peneluranABSTRACT Effect of Jatropha cake oil on mortality and fertility of Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) produces waste from its seeds during seed processing into JCO. This waste (cake) can be further processed into organic fertilizer and botanical pesticide. The toxic chemicals for insect inside the seeds are phorbol ester and curcin. Both are included in JCO during the process and those are effective to control estate crops insect pests after being formulated. In fact same of those chemicals still remain in the seeds cake, therefore, the objective of the research is to find out the effectiveness of its formulation on Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, the main pest of cotton. The research was carried out at the Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute, Malang from April to December 2010, and the experiment was arranged using Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. The materials used were three (3) accessions of jatropha from South Sulawesi, Lampung, and East Java origins. Methanol was used for extracting the chemicals, and then detergent was used for formulating 4 concentration levels of : 5, 10, 20, and 40 ml/l + 1 g detergent each. The methods used were contact and oral applications. The parameters observed were mortality, pupae weight and fertility. It was revealed that the effectiveness was positively correlated with phorbol ester contents i.e. 9.39, 6.64, and 4.39 µg/ml for South Sulawesi, Lampung, and East Java accessions, respectively. There was no egg laid by female of H. armigera fed with shoots and squares contaminated with bio-pesticides (10 and 20 ml/l of South Sulawesi and East Java accessions). Key words : Jatropha curcas L, curcin, phorbol ester, Jatropha seed cake oil, Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, mortality, fertility

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PENGARUH MINYAK JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas LINN.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS, BERAT PUPA, DAN PENELURAN HAMA JARAK KEPYAR

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v16n4.2010.159-164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

TUKIMIN S W ◽

DECIYANTO SOETOPO ◽

ELNA KARMAWATI

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Key Words ◽

Phorbol Ester ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Block Design ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Jatropha Curcas L ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Achaea Janata

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengaruh minyak jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)terhadap mortalitas, berat pupa dan peneluran larva Achaea janata belumpernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukansebelumnya minyak jarak pagar mengandung phorbol ester yang dapatdigunakan sebagai biopestisida dan Achaea janata merupakan hama utamapada tanaman jarak kepyar. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan diLaboratorium Entomologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan SeratMalang pada bulan April - Juli 2009, menggunakan rancangan acakkelompok dengan 4 perlakuan konsentrasi minyak jarak pagar, satupembanding, satu kontrol air dan kontrol detergen, diulang tiga kali.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efek phorbol ester dalamminyak biji jarak pagar (MJP) untuk membunuh larva A. janata. Duaaksesi minyak biji jarak pagar yang diuji adalah: SP 67 asal SulawesiSelatan dan Jatim 45 asal Jawa Timur. Pengamatan meliputi jumlahmortalitas larva, berat prepupa, pupa, jumlah telur, dan telur tetas. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesi SP 67 yang memiliki kandunganphorbol ester 9,49 µg/ml dengan konsentrasi 5 ml minyak biji jarak pagar(J. curcas) + 1 g detergen/liter air cukup efektif dan mengakibatkanmortalitas larva A. janata 85,34%, LC 50 =2,33 ml/L, 72 jam setelahpenyemprotan. Jumlah telur 362 butir dan telur tetas 34,27%. Aksesi Jatim45 yang memiliki kandungan phorbol ester 4,39 µg/ml dengan konsentrasi10 ml minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) + 1 g detergen/liter air cukupefektif dan mengakibatkan mortalitas larva A. janata 85,34%, LC 50 = 9,35ml/liter pada 72 jam setelah penyemprotan. Jumlah telur 487 butir dantelur tetas 34,75%. Kedua aksesi tersebut mengakibatkan mortalitas larvaA. janata dan efek lanjutan mengakibatkan cacat larva, prepupa, dan pupa,penurunan jumlah telur dan presentase telur tetas.Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas L, phorbol ester, aksesi, minyak biji jarakpagar, mortalitas, larva, Achaea janata L.ABSTRACTEffects of Jatropha curcas Crude Oil (JCO) on Mortality,Weight of Pupae, and Fertility of Achaea janataStudy on the effects of JCO on mortality, weight of pupae, andfertility of Achaea janata has never been done in Indonesia. Based onanalysis, JCO contains phorbol ester which can be used as biopesticide.A. janata is a main pest on castor oil plants. This study was carried out atEntomology Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops ResearchInstitute (ITOFCRI) in Malang from April through July 2009. Theexperiment was arranged using randomized block design with 7 treatmentsand 3 replicates. The objective of the research was to find out the ability ofJCO to kill larvae of A. janata and its effect on pupae weight and fertility.This experiment tested two physic nut accessions : SP 67 (originated fromSouth Sulawesi) and Jatim 45 (from East Java). Observations included thenumber of larvae mortality, weights of prepupae and pupae, number ofeggs, and percentage of hatches. Results showed that SP 67 accessioncontaining 9.49 µg phorbol ester/ml oil with concentration of 5 ml JCO +1 g detergent/l was fairly effective to kill larvae of A. janata (LC 50 = 2.33ml/l) after 72 hours of spraying. Pupae laid 362 eggs and only 34.27% ofthe eggs hatched. Jatim 45 accession containing 4.3 g/µg phorbol ester perml oil with concentration of 10 ml JCO + 1 g detergen/l was fairlyeffective to kill larvae of A. janata (LC 50 = 9.35 ml/l) after 72 hours ofspraying. Only 34.75 % of the 487 eggs hatched.Key words: Jatropha curcas L., phorbol ester, accessions, JCO,mortalily, larvae, Achaea janata L.

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