scholarly journals Peningkatan Toleransi Alumunium pada Jeruk Batang Bawah dengan Teknik Seleksi In Vitro Berulang

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Mia Toruan Kosmiatin ◽  
Rosa Yunita ◽  
Ali Husni
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Marginal Soil

<p>Aluminum Tolerance Improvement of Rootstock Citrus<br />through Repeated In Vitro Selection. Mia Kosmiatin,<br />Rosa Yunita, and Ali Husni. National orange productivity<br />was trend to decrease because of pathogen attack and<br />reducing of planting area. One of alternative ways to<br />preserve and increase orange productivity was using<br />marginal soil mainly acid soil. This matter pushed the<br />breeder to prepare tolerant rootstock and stable in the acid<br />soil. In vitro culture technique was effective and efficient<br />methods to produce tolerant and stable rootstock in acid soil<br />through simulation of acid soil with addition of high<br />aluminum and low pH in the medium. By the simulation the<br />selection could be done in cell level, so cell was selected<br />after induction of variation. A rootstock which high<br />compatibility with scion, useful rooting, and aluminum<br />tolerance could be increased orange productivity through<br />acid soil development. The research was conducted in 3<br />phase: (1) induction of embryogenic calli, (2) improvement<br />of genetic variation through mutation, and (3) In vitro<br />selection with AlCl3.6H2O for aluminum and low pH tolerant.<br />Immature embryos of rootstock were use as explant. The<br />result showed that the best embryogenic calli were induced<br />on MS basal medium with MW vitamin + NAA 7,5 mg/l +<br />kinetin 0,5 mg/l. Before selection, 1.000 rad dosage was the<br />most tolerant dosage to growth embryogenic calli. After<br />selection, 2.000 rad dosage was the best dosage to produce<br />shoots which stable tolerant to aluminum. Selected 88<br />mutant shoots were produced after three times selection on<br />the same medium which AlCl3.6H2O added at low pH.</p>

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK PURWOCENG MELALUI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
IKA ROOSTIKA ◽  
IRENG DARWATI ◽  
YUDIWANTI YUDIWANTI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Low Altitude

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Peningkatkan keragaman genetik purwoceng memerlukan aplikasi<br />teknologi alternatif yang mampu membentuk keragaman baru. Tujuan<br />penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik dan toleransi<br />purwoceng terhadap cekaman suhu tinggi melalui iradiasi dan seleksi in<br />vitro. Tahapan penelitian meliputi induksi mutasi kalus embriogenik<br />dengan sinar gamma, seleksi in vitro dengan cekaman suhu tinggi, induksi<br />perakaran  somaklon  putatif,  analisis  keragaman  genetik  secara<br />flowcytometry, dan aklimatisasi somaklon putatif. Iradiasi dilakukan pada<br />dosis 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 Krad sedangkan seleksi in vitro dilakukan pada<br />tiga level suhu (20, 25, dan 30 0 C). Induksi perakaran dilakukan dalam dua<br />tahap, dengan menggunakan media DKW atau MS yang mengandung<br />sukrosa 3-6% dengan penambahan IBA atau NAA taraf 0,5-1,5 ppm. Hasil<br />penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus purwoceng mampu bertahan hidup<br />pada dosis iradiasi tertinggi (5 Krad). Meningkatnya dosis iradiasi<br />cenderung meningkatkan pendewasaan embrio somatik. Pada tahap seleksi<br />in vitro, kalus purwoceng mampu tumbuh pada kondisi suhu tertinggi<br />(30 0 C). Tingkat proliferasi kalus yang tinggi dan jumlah embrio somatik<br />terbanyak diperoleh dari perlakuan suhu 25 0 C. Embrio somatik yang<br />terbentuk dari perlakuan suhu tinggi tersebut merupakan kandidat<br />somaklon yang toleran suhu tinggi pada lingkungan dataran rendah.<br />Diantara embrio somatik yang terbentuk, hanya embrio yang berasal dari<br />perlakuan suhu 20 0 C saja yang berhasil membentuk planlet. Media yang<br />terbaik untuk induksi perakaran adalah media MS yang mengandung<br />sukrosa 4% dengan penambahan NAA 1,5 ppm. Analisis ploidi pada daun<br />embrio somatik menunjukkan terbentuknya varian yang bersifat tetraploid<br />(4x).<br />Kata kunci: Pimpinella pruatjan, iradiasi sinar gamma, seleksi in vitro,<br />keragaman genetik, suhu tinggi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />To improve new pruatjan genetic variations, the alternative<br />technology should be applied. The objective of the research was to increase<br />pruatjan genetic variation and tolerance to the high temperature through<br />induced mutation and in vitro selection. The steps of this study were induced<br />mutation of embryogenic callus by gamma irradiation, in vitro selection, root<br />induction of putative somaclones, genetic variation analysis by flowcytometer,<br />and putative somaclones acclimatization. The dosages of gamma irradiation<br />were 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Krad. In vitro selection was conducted at three<br />temperatures (20, 25, and 30 0 C). The root induction was conducted in two<br />steps by using DKW or MS media containing of 3-6% sucrose with<br />addition of 0.5-1.5 ppm IBA or NAA. The result showed that embryogenic<br />calli could survive after treatment of the highest gamma irradiation dose. It<br />tends to increase the maturation of somatic embryos. During in vitro<br />selection, embryogenic calli could grow at the highest temperature but the<br />highest callus proliferation and the number of somatic embryos were<br />obtained from 25 0 C. The somatic embryos survived and grew at the high<br />temperature are assumed as somaclones which considered as the<br />candidates of tolerant plants to high temperature that can be developed in<br />the of low altitude area. Among the regenerated somatic embryos, only the<br />20 0 C-derived embryos were successfully form plantlets. The best medium<br />for root induction was MS basal medium containing of 4% sucrose<br />supplemented with 1.5 ppm NAA. The ploidy analysis of somatic embryos<br />leaf showed a tetraploid (4x) variant.<br />Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan, gamma irradiation, in vitro selection,<br />genetic variation, high temperature</p>

scholarly journals Pengujian Nomor-nomor Harapan Padi Tahan Al dan pH Rendah Hasil Seleksi In Vitro dengan Kultur Hara

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih ◽  
Ika Mariska
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Root Length ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Rapid Screening

<p>Rice productivity in acid soil is very low because of low pH,<br />low availability of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mo, toxicity of Al and Mn.<br />Development of Al tolerant varieties could increase rice<br />productivity in acid soil. Somaclonal variation and in vitro<br />selection method can be used to develop new Al tolerance<br />varieties. A rapid screening method is needed to select a<br />large number of new genotypes or new inbred lines in plant<br />breeding, such as solution culture methods to evalu-ate Altolerant<br />rice. This methods was used to know the response<br />to Al in the seedling stage, root development, and pH<br />changing. In this experiment solution culture method was<br />used to evaluate the new genotypes derived from somaclonal<br />variation and in vitro selection methods. These new<br />genotypes have been tested the tolerance characteristic by<br />using AlCl36H2O at 6 concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, 400,<br />and 500 ppm). Yoshida solution with two Al concentration<br />were used to tested these genotypes. Measurement of Al<br />tolerance was based on root development by using Relative<br />Root Length (RRL), the relativity of root length at 45 ppm and<br />0 ppm. Almost all of the genotypes have RRLs higher than<br />0.7, which means that there was a positive correlation<br />between the in vitro method and solution culture method. In<br />this experiment pH changes were not applicable to measure<br />the tolerance of the rice genotypes to Al and low pH.</p>

scholarly journals Uji Pendahuluan Genotipe-genotipe Kedelai Hasil Seleksi In Vitro terhadap Cekaman Aluminium dan pH Rendah

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Arief Vivi Noviati ◽  
Sri Hutami ◽  
Ika Mariska ◽  
Endang Sjamsudin
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

<p class="p1">Aluminum toxicity is a major constraint to soybean production in acid soils. Since variabilities on Al tolerance in plants are very limited, mutation breeding, and <em>in vitro </em>selection were used to increase the variability. Three soyben genotypes were produced from cultivars Wilis and Sindoro that have been gamma irradiated and selected <em>in vitro </em>for their tolerance to Al on Al and low pH media. These genotypes and their original cultivars were then planted in a greenhouse in an acid soil on May 2001. The results showed that the plant performances were varied, some were shorter and more compact than the original. Based on the yield components, a number of plants from the genotypes showed higher than those of the control cultivars. These plants were considered more tolerant to Al than the original cultivars.</p>

scholarly journals Mass Propagation of Nauclea diderrichii (de Willd. & Th. Dur) Merr. Seedlings through Tissue Culture Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
RI Oyediran ◽  
JO Afolabi ◽  
DB Olomola ◽  
FO Akanni
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nauclea Diderrichii

Nauclea diderrichii is a tree species of economic importance. However, its plantation establishment is limited by inadequate seedling production. Hence, there is ample scope of tissue culture for its mass propagation. Its in vitro plantlets development as affected by media strengths indicated that 100 % seed germination was obtained in full MS basal medium while the least (3.35 %) was from quarter-strength at 8 Weeks after inoculation (WAI). The effects of BAP and NAA assessed on the growth of its sub-cultured plantlets showed that highest number of leaves (17) and adventitious shoots (3) were obtained from MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BAP only. Whereas, highest shoot length (3.61 cm) and average number of roots (5/plantlet) were obtained from the same medium without hormone(s) at 8 WAI. Further sub-culturing into MS with 0.05 mg/l NAA resulted into plantlets having optimum shoot and massive root growth ready for acclimatization in 6 WAI. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized using coconuthusk/ topsoil mixture with 90 % survival. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 51-60, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals UJI KETAHANAN TERHADAP ALUMINIUM DAN pH RENDAH PADA JAGUNG (Zea mays L) VARIETAS PIONEER DAN SRIKANDI SECARA IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299
Author(s):  
Sri Romaito Dalimunthe ◽  
Abdullah Bin Arif ◽  
Irpan Badrul Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Relative Root Length ◽  
Relative Root

One effort to increase maize productivity is by using marginal land for maize plantation. The marginal land that can be used is acid soil, but the problem are Al toxicity and low pH. To cope with these problems, cultivars having tolerance to Al toxicity and low pH are needed. Plant material used in this research were two maize varieties (Pioneer and Srikandi). Media selection is used there are 4 doses treatment aluminium (0, 250, 500 and 750 ppm AlCl3). All variables were observed except at the variable width of the leaf in this results showed that the treatment of aluminium (AlCl3) would not influence. Treatment combination Variety Srikandi and 250 ppm AlCl3 produces plant height, leaf length and leaf width is the shortest compared to other treatments. Variety Pioneer and Srikandi are suspected of varieties resistant aluminum and low pH values based on relative root length.

scholarly journals IN VITRO REGENERATION OF ARUNDINA GRAMINIFOLIA (D. DON) HOCHR

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharone gladies E ◽  
Chithra Devi B. S
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Arundina Graminifolia ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

We can see Orchids come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, colours, and textures far beyond the human mind’s imagination. They emerge from seeds in nature, but in the absence of suitable hosts, they do not germinate in sufficient numbers. This problem was solved by using the tissue culture technique for its germination. One of the successful method used for mass propogation of orchid plantlets is in vitro techniques. Therefore, an initial analysis was conducted in order to establish an appropriate procedure for mass multiplication of Arundina graminifolia. MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium was found to be suitable for the asymbiotic seed germination of Arundina graminifolia. Direct protocorm like bodies were induced by using combinations and individual supplement of MS medium with IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (Indole-3- butyric acid), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and KIN (Kinetin). Hormone-free MS basal medium was found suitable for the conversion of PLBs (protocorm-like bodies) into complete plantlets

scholarly journals Seed Treatment with 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-Producing Pseudomonads Improves Crop Health in Low-pH Soils by Altering Patterns of Nutrient Uptake

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa E. Raudales ◽  
Erica Stone ◽  
Brian B. McSpadden Gardener
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Antifungal Metabolites ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Stress Amelioration

Seed treatment with a 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG)-producing Pseudomonas strain ameliorated abiotic stress disorder in corn caused by growth in a low-pH soil. In two consecutive growing seasons, Wood1R-treated seed gave rise to plants that grew taller (P ≤ 0.05), had fewer foliar lesions (P ≤ 0.10), and provided greater yields (P ≤ 0.1) than the negative controls when grown in soil with a pH < 5.0. Under controlled conditions, seed treatment with Wood1R also reduced foliar lesion severity (P ≤ 0.05 in two of three experiments) but failed to increase shoot or root growth in young seedlings grown in acidic soil. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) patterns of altered mineral nutrient uptake (i.e., generally increasing P and Mg while reducing Al) were observed to occur as a result of Wood1R seed treatment under both sets of growing conditions. In contrast, suppression of seedling damping-off disease was not indicated in this low-pH soil, because no difference in crop stand was observed for any experiment. Additionally, Wood1R-mediated growth inhibition of seedling pathogens was reduced in vitro at pH < 5.0, indicating that secretion of antifungal metabolites may not occur in low-pH soils. This is the first report of an abiotic stress amelioration of acid soil stress-related symptoms by a DAPG-producing pseudomonad.

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