scholarly journals Physiological Characteristics of Musical Theatre Performers and the Effect on Cardiorespiratory Demand Whilst Singing and Dancing

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Stephens ◽  
Matthew Wyon
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Musical Theatre ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Breathing Frequency ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Lactate Levels

AIMS: Musical theatre (MT) combines acting, singing, and dancing within a performance. The purpose of the current study was two-fold: 1) to report on the cardiorespiratory fitness of pre-professional MT dancers, and 2) to examine the cardiorespiratory demand of singing whilst dancing. METHODS: Twenty-one participants (16 females, 5 males; age 20±1.23 yrs; height 169.1±9.24 cm; weight 62.7±10.56) in their final year of pre-professional training volunteered for the study. All participants performed a maximal aerobic capacity test on a treadmill using a portable breath-by-breath gas analyser. Nine participants completed a 4-minute section from Chorus Line twice, singing and dancing and just dancing, in a randomised order whilst wearing the same portable gas analyser. Blood lactate was measured at the end of each trial. RESULTS: Male participants had significantly greater peak oxygen consumption (M vs F, 67.6±2.30 vs 55.6±4.42 mL/kg/min, p<0.001) and anaerobic threshold (% of peak VO2) (54.6±4.04% vs 43.1±3.68%, p<0.001), whilst maximum heart rate and heart rate at anaerobic threshold were similar. The physiological demands of dancing vs singing + dancing were similar, with the exception of the singing + dancing trial having significantly reduced mean breathing frequency and increased lactate (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: MT dancers’ aerobic capacity is greater than that observed in other theatre-based dance genres. The observed breathing frequency and lactate differences in the Chorus Line trails could be due to singing reducing breathing frequency, thereby influencing cardiorespiratory recovery mechanics and subsequently blood lactate levels.

Determination of the anaerobic threshold by a noninvasive field test in runners

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Conconi ◽  
M. Ferrari ◽  
P. G. Ziglio ◽  
P. Droghetti ◽  
L. Codeca
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Initial Velocity ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between running speed (RS) and heart rate (HR) was determined in 210 runners. On a 400-m track the athletes ran continuously from an initial velocity of 12–14 km/h to submaximal velocities varying according to the athlete's capability. The HRs were determined through ECG. In all athletes examined, a deflection from the expected linearity of the RS-HR relationship was observed at submaximal RS. The test-retest correlation for the velocities at which this deflection from linearity occurred (Vd) determined in 26 athletes was 0.99. The velocity at the anaerobic threshold (AT), established by means of blood lactate measurements, and Vd were coincident in 10 runners. The correlation between Vd and average running speed (mean RS) in competition was 0.93 in the 5,000 m (mean Vd = 19.13 +/- 1.08 km/h; mean RS = 20.25 +/- 1.15 km/h), 0.95 in the marathon (mean Vd = 18.85 +/- 1.15 km/h; mean RS = 17.40 +/- 1.14 km/h), and 0.99 in the 1-h race (mean Vd = 18.70 +/- 0.98 km/h; mean RS = 18.65 +/- 0.92 km/h), thus showing that AT is critical in determining the running pace in aerobic competitive events.

A Modified Step Test Based on a Function of Subjects' Stature

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candi D. Ashley ◽  
Joe F. Smith ◽  
Paul D. Reneau
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Step Height ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Recovery Heart Rate ◽  
Rate Step ◽  
Queens College ◽  
Lower Recovery

A number of submaximal step tests have been developed to predict maximal aerobic capacity. Because step height may influence biomechanical efficiency and heart rate, step tests based on subjects' stature may more accurately predict maximal aerobic capacity. Eighteen women performed the Queens College step test and a modified Queens College step test. The modified step test was performed with the height of the bench set even with the height of the foot at a knee angle of 90°. Analysis of the data indicated a lower recovery heart rate following this test ( p<.05). Further, correlations between maximal aerobic capacity and recovery heart rate for both tests were moderate ( r = −.80 and −.75, respectively). Our results suggest that step tests based on subjects' stature do not more accurately predict aerobic capacity than those using a standardized bench height.

Age-related declines in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary women: a meta-analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret D. Fitzgerald ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Zung V. Tran ◽  
Douglas R. Seals
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Sedentary Women ◽  
Exercise Status

Fitzgerald, Margaret D., Hirofumi Tanaka, Zung V. Tran, and Douglas R. Seals. Age-related declines in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary women: a meta-analysis. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 160–165, 1997.—Our purpose was to determine the relationship between habitual aerobic exercise status and the rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity across the adult age range in women. A meta-analytic approach was used in which mean maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o 2 max) values from female subject groups (ages 18–89 yr) were obtained from the published literature. A total of 239 subject groups from 109 studies involving 4,884 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were arbitrarily separated into sedentary (groups = 107; subjects = 2,256), active (groups = 69; subjects = 1,717), and endurance-trained (groups = 63; subjects = 911) populations.V˙o 2 max averaged 29.7 ± 7.8, 38.7 ± 9.2, and 52.0 ± 10.5 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1, respectively, and was inversely related to age within each population ( r = −0.82 to −0.87, all P < 0.0001). The rate of decline inV˙o 2 max with increasing subject group age was lowest in sedentary women (−3.5 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1⋅ decade−1), greater in active women (−4.4 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1⋅ decade−1), and greatest in endurance-trained women (−6.2 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1 ⋅ decade−1) (all P < 0.001 vs. each other). When expressed as percent decrease from mean levels at age ∼25 yr, the rates of decline inV˙o 2 max were similar in the three populations (−10.0 to −10.9%/decade). There was no obvious relationship between aerobic exercise status and the rate of decline in maximal heart rate with age. The results of this cross-sectional study support the hypothesis that, in contrast to the prevailing view, the rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age is greater, not smaller, in endurance-trained vs. sedentary women. The greater rate of decline inV˙o 2 max in endurance-trained populations may be related to their higher values as young adults (baseline effect) and/or to greater age-related reductions in exercise volume; however, it does not appear to be related to a greater rate of decline in maximal heart rate with age.

Respiratory muscle reserve in rats during heavy exercise

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1405-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc E. Gosselin ◽  
David Megirian ◽  
Joshua Rodman ◽  
Donna Mueller ◽  
Gaspar A. Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Group 2

Gosselin, Luc E., David Megirian, Joshua Rodman, Donna Mueller, and Gaspar A. Farkas. Respiratory muscle reserve in rats during heavy exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(4): 1405–1409, 1997.—The extent to which the respiratory pump muscles limit maximal aerobic capacity in quadrupeds is not entirely clear. To examine the effect of reduced respiratory muscle reserve on aerobic capacity, whole body peak oxygen consumption (V˙o 2 peak) was measured in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats before and after Sham, unilateral, or bilateral hemidiaphragm denervation (Dnv) surgery.V˙o 2 peak was determined by using a graded treadmill running test. Hemidiaphragm paralysis was verified after testing by recording the absence of electromyographic activity during inspiration. Before surgery,V˙o 2 peak averaged 86, 87, and 92 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1for the Sham, unilateral, and bilateral Dnv groups, respectively. Two weeks after surgery, there was no significant change inV˙o 2 peak for either the Sham or unilateral Dnv group. However,V˙o 2 peak decreased ∼19% in the bilateral Dnv group 2 wk after surgery. These findings strongly suggest that the pulmonary system in rats is designed such that during heavy exercise, the remaining respiratory pump muscles are able to compensate for the loss of one hemidiaphragm, but not of both.

Comparison of structured and unstructured physical activity training on predicted VO2max and heart rate variability in adolescents – a randomized control trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Sharma ◽  
Senthil Kumar Subramanian ◽  
Krishnakumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Rajathi Rajendran ◽  
Balasubramanian Sulur Ravindran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
And Gender

AbstractBackground:Physical inactivity contributes to many health issues. The WHO-recommended physical activity for adolescents encompasses aerobic, resistance, and bone strengthening exercises aimed at achieving health-related physical fitness. Heart rate variability (HRV) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) are considered as noninvasive measures of cardiovascular health. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of structured and unstructured physical training on maximal aerobic capacity and HRV among adolescents.Methods:We designed a single blinded, parallel, randomized active-controlled trial (Registration No. CTRI/2013/08/003897) to compare the physiological effects of 6 months of globally recommended structured physical activity (SPA), with that of unstructured physical activity (USPA) in healthy school-going adolescents. We recruited 439 healthy student volunteers (boys: 250, girls: 189) in the age group of 12–17 years. Randomization across the groups was done using age and gender stratified randomization method, and the participants were divided into two groups: SPA (n=219, boys: 117, girls: 102) and USPA (n=220, boys: 119, girls: 101). Depending on their training status and gender the participants in both SPA and USPA groups were further subdivided into the following four sub-groups: SPA athlete boys (n=22) and girls (n=17), SPA nonathlete boys (n=95) and girls (n=85), USPA athlete boys (n=23) and girls (n=17), and USPA nonathlete boys (n=96) and girls (n=84).Results:We recorded HRV, body fat%, and VO2 max using Rockport Walk Fitness test before and after the intervention. Maximum aerobic capacity and heart rate variability increased significantly while heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and body fat percentage decreased significantly after both SPA and USPA intervention. However, the improvement was more in SPA as compared to USPA.Conclusions:SPA is more beneficial for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, HRV, and reducing body fat percentage in terms of magnitude than USPA in adolescent individuals irrespective of their gender and sports activities.

Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1947-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Christopher A. Desouza ◽  
Pamela P. Jones ◽  
Edith T. Stevenson ◽  
Kevin P. Davy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Rate Of Decline

Tanaka, Hirofumi, Christopher A. DeSouza, Pamela P. Jones, Edith T. Stevenson, Kevin P. Davy, and Douglas R. Seals. Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(6): 1947–1953, 1997.—Using a meta-analytic approach, we recently reported that the rate of decline in maximal oxygen uptake (V˙o 2 max) with age in healthy women is greatest in the most physically active and smallest in the least active when expressed in milliliters per kilogram per minute per decade. We tested this hypothesis prospectively under well-controlled laboratory conditions by studying 156 healthy, nonobese women (age 20–75 yr): 84 endurance-trained runners (ET) and 72 sedentary subjects (S). ET were matched across the age range for age-adjusted 10-km running performance. Body mass was positively related with age in S but not in ET. Fat-free mass was not different with age in ET or S. Maximal respiratory exchange ratio and rating of perceived exertion were similar across age in ET and S, suggesting equivalent voluntary maximal efforts. There was a significant but modest decline in running mileage, frequency, and speed with advancing age in ET.V˙o 2 max(ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1) was inversely related to age ( P < 0.001) in ET ( r = −0.82) and S ( r = −0.71) and was higher at any age in ET. Consistent with our meta-analysic findings, the absolute rate of decline inV˙o 2 max was greater in ET (−5.7 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1 ⋅ decade−1) compared with S (−3.2 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1 ⋅ decade−1; P < 0.01), but the relative (%) rate of decline was similar (−9.7 vs −9.1%/decade; not significant). The greater absolute rate of decline inV˙o 2 max in ET compared with S was not associated with a greater rate of decline in maximal heart rate (−5.6 vs. −6.2 beats ⋅ min−1 ⋅ decade−1), nor was it related to training factors. The present cross-sectional findings provide additional evidence that the absolute, but not the relative, rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age may be greater in highly physically active women compared with their sedentary healthy peers. This difference does not appear to be related to age-associated changes in maximal heart rate, body composition, or training factors.

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