scholarly journals Production of target cathodes from composite silicides for applying protective coatings using casting and deformation technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
I. A. Ivanov ◽  
A. G. Slutsky ◽  
V. A. Scheinert ◽  
A. I. Ivanov ◽  
A. N. Bely
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Pure Metal ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Identical Composition ◽  
Arc Evaporation ◽  
Percentage Ratio ◽  
Shs Method

The article discusses the results of manufacturing multicomponent consumable cathodes of vacuum electric arc evaporation plants. To obtain ingots of complex silicide as a raw material for the manufacture of target cathodes, it is proposed to use induction melting of pure metal charge materials in an argon atmosphere.The method made it possible to obtain ingots of complex silicide with a composition close to the calculated one and a density of at least 93 %. Further forming of the cathode takes place when controlling the powder fractions by their percentage ratio with a pressing force of at least 50 tons. The results obtained are compared with the SHS method of manufacturing cathodes of identical composition.

The effect of gas atmosphere on the coating formation by electric arc surfacing with cermet SHS electrodes of the TiB2–Co2B composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Alexandra O. Zhidovich ◽  
Alexander M. Stolin ◽  
Andrey P. Chizhikov ◽  
Pavel M. Bazhin ◽  
Alexander S. Konstantinov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Shs Extrusion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Atmosphere

Due to their unique properties, metal-matrix composite materials, when used as a surfacing material for electric arc surfacing, provide high properties of the deposited layers. SHS-extrusion is a promising method for a wide range of surfacing metal-matrix electrodes. The gas environment of surfacing affects the quality of coatings formed by SHS electrodes, their microstructure and properties. In this paper, cermet SHS electrodes of the TiB2–Co2B composition obtained by SHS-extrusion were used to form protective coatings on a steel substrate by electric arc surfacing in an argon atmosphere and in a nitrogen atmosphere. The elemental and phase composition, as well as the microstructure of the deposited layers, were investigated. Based on the conducted studies, the influence of the gas atmosphere on the formation of the structure of cermet coatings was established. It is shown that, despite the similar phase composition, there are fundamental differences in the microstructures of the deposited coatings, which are caused by the partial fusion of the tungsten electrode and the transfer of the electrode material in the coating during surfacing in an argon atmosphere. The maximum values of the microhardness of coatings deposited in a nitrogen atmosphere exceed the maximum microhardness of coatings obtained by surfacing in an argon atmosphere by 200–450 HV.

scholarly journals Making Ceramic Protective Coatings on Titanium Boride Base by Electric Arc Surfacing with SHS Electrodes in an Argon Atmosphere

2020 ◽  
pp. 012-016
Author(s):  
A.O. Zhidovich ◽  
◽  
A.M. Stolin ◽  
P.M. Bazhin ◽  
A.S. Konstantinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Layered Structure ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Titanium Boride ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Argon Flow ◽  
Flow Intensity ◽  
Arc Current

SHS extruded TiB / 30 wt.% Ti-layered long rods with a length of more than 100 mm and a diameter of 3 mm were made by electric arc surfacing on a titanium substrate in an argon atmosphere. Technological modes of coating deposition (electric arc current, arc speed, argon flow intensity, etc.) have been worked out by the method of electric arc surfacing. The structure and phase composition of the initial surfacing electrode and coating are investigated. It is shown that the deposited coating has a layered structure, its microstructure is represented by titanium diboride and monoboride in a matrix consisting of a solid boron in titanium solution. It was found that the structure and phase composition of the coating are predominantly identical to the structure and phase composition of the used SHS electrodes. The microhardness of the deposited electrode and coating was 1024 and 1420 HV, respectively.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Metal Recovery Yield during Induction Melting of Aluminium Swarf

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 781-786
Author(s):  
Hélder Puga ◽  
Joaquim Barbosa ◽  
Carlos Silva Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Processing Parameters ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metal Recovery ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Protective Atmosphere ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Recovery Yield ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Machining Operations

Machining operations of cast parts usually generate considerable amounts of waste in the form of chips (usually 3–5% of the casting weight). Traditionally, swarf is sold to scrapers and remelters, but this option is quite expensive because the selling price is roughly 30% of the acquisition price of the commercial 2nd melt raw material. For most aluminium foundries that incorporate machining operations in their products, reusing aluminium chips as raw material for the melting stocks is perhaps the best option as waste management policy in what concerns to economical and technical aspects. Nevertheless, aluminium swarf is a low density product (0.25 kg/dm3) and is usually covered by a thin film of aluminium oxide and machining fluid. Melting such a product without suitable previous preparation leads to very low metal recovery rates, high energy consumption, gases and smoke generation and very low quality of the final product. During the last years, the authors have developed a high efficient and environmentally friend aluminium swarf recycling technique, using direct incorporation in aluminium melts. The influence of processing parameters, namely melt temperature and holding time, melting atmosphere, swarf briquetting pressure and melting charge composition in the metal recovery yield and dross generation was studied and characterized, and the optimal processing parameters were established. The microstructure of the final product obtained in those conditions was evaluated and is also presented. It is shown that the recycling efficiency depends on the swarf conditioning, the melting technique and the melt treatment methodology. Swarf moisture reduction, induction melting under protective atmosphere and a specially developed degassing technique were found the most important factors influencing the recycling process. By using the developed technique, cast ingots with microstructure and sanity similar to commercially available AlSi12Cu1 2nd melt raw material were successfully obtained with minimal dross formation and metal recovery rates around 90%, without using traditional salts and fluxes.

Nanostructural wear-resistant coatings produced on metal-cutting tools by electric-arc evaporation and magnetronic sputtering

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 910-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Kiryukhantsev-Korneev ◽  
N. A. Shirmanov ◽  
A. N. Sheveiko ◽  
E. A. Levashov ◽  
M. I. Petrzhik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Wear Resistant Coatings ◽  
Arc Evaporation

Preparation and Microwave Permittivity of SiC-AlN Solid Solution Powders

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 310-312
Author(s):  
Xiao Kui Liu ◽  
Wan Cheng Zhou ◽  
Fa Luo ◽  
Dong Mei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Temperature Synthesis ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Permittivity ◽  
Shs Method

SiC-AlN solid solution powders were prepared from the mixtures of aluminum, silicon and carbon black in a nitrogen atmosphere with preheating self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) method. The powders synthesized with different ratios of Al/Si were mixed with paraffin wax and the microwave permittivity of the mixtures was measured at the frequency of 8.2~12.4GHz. The results were contrasted with that of SiC powders synthesized by preheating SHS in argon and nitrogen atmosphere respectively. The ε′, ε″, and the tgδ (ε″/ε′) of the mixture of SiC prepared in a nitrogen atmosphere are highest, followed with those of the SiC-AlN solid solution powders and the SiC powders prepared in an argon atmosphere. Along with the increase of atomic ratio of Al/Si, the ε′, ε″, and tgδ of SiC-AlN solid solution decrease. We believe that, with the increase of AlN dissolved, the concentration of carriers and the effect of dielectric relaxation will decrease because of the two contrary dopants.

scholarly journals Preparation of glaze using electric-arc furnace dust as raw material

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5504-5514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa S. Silva ◽  
Juliana S. Silva ◽  
Bruno dos S. Costa ◽  
Clayton Labes ◽  
Rosane M.P.B. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Dust

scholarly journals Assessment of Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Steel Slag Waste’s Recycling Options into Value Added Green Products: A Review

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao Ter Teo ◽  
Siti Koriah Zakaria ◽  
Siti Zuliana Salleh ◽  
Mustaffa Ali Azhar Taib ◽  
Nurulakmal Mohd Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Eaf Slag ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Steel slag is one of the most common waste products from the steelmaking industry. Conventional methods of slag disposal can cause negative impacts on humans and the environment. In this paper, the process of steel and steel slag production, physical and chemical properties, and potential options of slag recycling were reviewed. Since steel is mainly produced through an electric arc furnace (EAF) in Malaysia, most of the recycling options reviewed in this paper focused on EAF slag and the strengths and weaknesses of each recycle option were outlined. Based on the reports from previous studies, it was found that only a portion of EAF slag is recycled into more straightforward, but lower added value applications such as aggregates for the construction industry and filter/absorber for wastewater treatments. On the other hand, higher added value recycling options for EAF slag that are more complicated such as incorporated as raw material for Portland cement and ceramic building materials remain at the laboratory testing stage. The main hurdle preventing EAF slag from being incorporated as a raw material for higher added value industrial applications is its inconsistent chemical composition. The chemical composition of EAF slag can vary based on the scrap metal used for steel production. For this, mineral separation techniques can be introduced to classify the EAF slag base on its physical and chemical compositions. We concluded that future research on recycling EAF slag should focus on separation techniques that diversify the recycling options for EAF slag, thereby increasing the waste product’s recycling rate.

Effect of electric arc, gas oxygen torch and induction melting techniques on the marginal accuracy of cast base-metal and noble metal-ceramic crowns

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 826-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Gómez-Cogolludo ◽  
Raquel Castillo-Oyagüe ◽  
Christopher D. Lynch ◽  
María-Jesús Suárez-García
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Crowns

Fabrication of tungsten powder with sodium tungstate as raw material by SHS method

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 2969-2971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Guojian ◽  
Xu Jiayue ◽  
Zhuang Hanrui ◽  
Li Wenlan
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Tungstate ◽  
Tungsten Powder ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Shs Method

scholarly journals Sonochemistry production of ZnO and zero-valent Fe nanoparticles from solutions of electric arc furnace dust leaching

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katya Brunelli ◽  
Pietrogiovanni Cerchier ◽  
Renato Bonora ◽  
Manuele Dabalà
Keyword(s):  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Dust ◽  
Fe Nanoparticles ◽  
Sonochemical Reaction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Hcl Solution

AbstractIn this work, nanoparticles of ZnO and zero-valent Fe were sonochemically synthesised using a solution produced from electric arc furnace dust leaching as raw material. The leaching was previously carried out using ultrasound with various concentrations of sulphuric acid. The resulting solutions contained, in addition to varying amounts of Zn and Fe, elements such as Cr, Mn, Mg, Ca, and Si. Two methods were developed, one for Fe and one for ZnO, to obtain the nanoparticles and to avoid the precipitation of the additional elements during the nanoparticle production. The synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles was performed through the formation of a precursor by sonochemical reaction with NaOH, and the thermal decomposition of this precursor by heating in furnace. The production of Fe nanoparticles involved the precipitation of FeOOH, the dissolution of FeOOH in HCl solution, and the ultrasound-assisted reduction of the iron ions with NaBH

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