scholarly journals Arabian Orbital Stratigraphy: Periodic Second-Order Sequence Boundaries?

GeoArabia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moujahed Al-Husseini ◽  
Robley K. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Age Dating ◽  
Orbital Forcing ◽  
Depositional Sequences ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Order Sequence

ABSTRACT A simplified model of orbital-forcing suggests that the Phanerozoic Eon may be represented by 38 periodic second-order depositional sequences (DS2) each lasting about 14.58 million years (my). The DS2s are separated by second-order sequence boundaries (SB2, maximum regression surface) that should be manifested as regional stratigraphic discontinuities (unconformity, disconformity, time hiatus). To test this simple model, the Arabian succession was reviewed to identify candidate regional stratigraphic discontinuities that might be periodic at 14.58 my. Of the 38 predicted SB2s, 34 regional stratigraphic discontinuities were identified within the uncertainty of biostratigraphic-radiometric age dating, or by stratigraphic position. One SB2 could not be positioned in the succession because of ambiguous biostratigraphic dating. One was predicted within a long-lasting hiatus, and another two were predicted within an undifferentiated formation. The four unidentified SB2s reflect on the limitations of the data sample, rather than on the viability of the model. Because the stratigraphic discontinuities represent age spans with bounding ages that are at best believed to have accuracies of about ± 3.0 my, the model-data correlation was considered inconclusive. The resulting analysis, however, demonstrates that the ages in million years before present (Ma) of interpreted Arabian (and possibly global) sequence stratigraphic surfaces and depositional sequences, as estimated by biostratigraphic-radiometric dating techniques, are highly inaccurate (± 5–10 my). This conclusion suggests that presently used chronostratigraphic correlations across the Arabian Platform should be treated with great caution. The correlation of model SB2s to regional stratigraphic discontinuities, affords an alternative time scale that may eventually assist in the calibration of the biostratigraphic-radiometric time scale. An orbital-forcing time scale has a decided advantage in that it comes with precise third- and fourth-order stratigraphic predictions imbedded as sea-level fluctuations. The next level of testing is whether these orbital-forcing predictions hold up to precise correlation to stratigraphy.

scholarly journals Tectono-Stratigraphic Note: Time calibration of late Carboniferous, Permian and Early Triassic Arabian stratigraphy to orbital-forcing predictions

GeoArabia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moujahed Al-Husseini ◽  
Robley K. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Orbital Forcing ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Depositional Sequence ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
Time Calibration ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Order Sequence

The recent publication of GTS 2004 (Gradstein et al., 2004) provides an opportunity to recalibrate in time the late Carboniferous, Permian and Early Traissic Arabian Stratigraphy (GeoArabia Special Publication 3, Edited by Al-Husseini, 2004) as represented by the rock units in subsurface Interior Oman (Osterloff et al., 2004a, b) and the Haushi-Huqf Uplift region (Angiolini et al., 2004) (Figure). Additionally, sequence stratigraphic models of orbital forcing (Matthews and Frohlich, 2002; Immenhauser and Matthews, 2004) provide new insights in regards to the time calibration of depositional sequences: the “Rosetta Stone” approach. The Rosetta Stone approach predicts that the period of a third-order depositional sequence is 2.430 ± 0.405 my (denoted DS3 and here adjusted to increase the fourth-order ‘geological tuning fork’ from 0.404 to 0.405 my based on Laskar et al., 2004). The present calibration is also tied to the orbital-forcing model developed by R.K. Matthews (in Al-Husseini and Matthews, 2005; this issue of GeoArabia) that predicts that a second-order depositional sequence (denoted DS2) consists of six DS3s that were deposited in a period of about 14.58 my (6 x 2.430 my); the DS2 being bounded by two regional second-order sequence boundaries (SB2) corresponding to sea-level maximum regression surfaces.

scholarly journals Arabian Orbital Stratigraphy revisited – AROS 2015

GeoArabia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-216
Author(s):  
Moujahed I. Al-Husseini
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Orbital Forcing ◽  
Before Present ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Geological Time Scale ◽  
Depositional Sequences ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Orbital Cycle

ABSTRACT ‘Arabian Orbital Stratigraphy’ (AROS) is an R&D program aimed at dating Arabia’s transgressive-regressive (T-R) depositional sequences using the ‘Orbital Scale’ of Matthews and Al-Husseini (2010). The scale consists of time-rock units named ‘orbitons’, ‘dozons’ and ‘stratons’ that are tuned by orbital-forcing of glacio-eustasy. Orbitons have durations of 14.58 million years (Myr), and are bounded by regional sequence boundaries (SB, hiatus, unconformity, disconformity, lowstand deposits). Orbiton 1 was deposited between SB 1 at 16.166 million years before present (Ma) and SB 0 (zero) at 1.586 Ma. The interval between SB 0 and the Precambrian/Cambrian Boundary (PCB) consists of 37 orbitons; at least 30 can be identified in Arabia based on published data. SB 37 is predicted at 541.046 Ma (1.586 + 37 × 14.58 Myr), and correlates to the PCB, calibrated in Oman at 541.0 Ma. An orbiton consists of 36 stratons. Stratons are T-R sequences that tracked the long-eccentricity orbital cycle (E-cycle). The age of base Straton 1 is 0.371 Ma. Their durations can range between about 300 thousand years (Kyr) and 550 Kyr, but average 405 Kyr over several million years. The Phanerozoic Era consists of 1,336 stratons that are typically referred to as 4th-order sequences or cycle sets. Approximately 200 stratons are identified in this paper, and tentatively dated in the Orbital Scale. An orbiton also consists of three dozons, which are generally bounded by regional SBs. Dozons typically consist of 12 stratons (4.86 Myr). Examples of dozons are illustrated in this paper for the Permian–Triassic in Arabia. AROS predicts ages for Arabian and global T-R sequences that are deterministic, and they may be more accurate than those estimated by the Geological Time Scale GTS 2015. The paper proposes that the global T-R sequences should be recast in terms of stratons (E-cycles), and that stratons be used to calibrate biostratigraphy, magneto-stratigraphy and other global stratigraphic markers in future GTSs.

Second-Order Sequence Stratigraphic Controls on the Quality of the Fossil Record at an Active Margin: New Zealand Eocene to Recent Shelf Molluscs

Palaios ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. CRAMPTON ◽  
M. FOOTE ◽  
A. G. BEU ◽  
R. A. COOPER ◽  
I. MATCHAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Active Margin ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Order Sequence

Sequence Stratigraphic Research of the Jurassic in the East of Tarim Basin, Northwest China

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Xuan Cheng ◽  
Zai Xing Jiang ◽  
Tian Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Change Point ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Braided Channel ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Order Sequence

Based on the study of drilling, well logging and seismic profile, the Jurassic strata of the study area can be divided in to 2 2nd-order and 4 3rd-order sequences. The same formation in different regions unevenly distributed in study area due to sedimentary environment, sedimentary palaeotopography, post-depositional uplift and different degree of erosion. 4 3rd-order sequence boundaries can be recognized in this study, the results shown that the sequence boundaries used to be on the abrupt change point of the logging curve and are characterized by the bottom of large size braided channel scouring.

scholarly journals Orbital-forcing glacio-eustasy: A sequence-stratigraphic time scale

GeoArabia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robley K. Matthews ◽  
Moujahed I. Al-Husseini
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Tuning Fork ◽  
Forward Modeling ◽  
Grid Search ◽  
Level Fluctuation ◽  
Orbital Forcing ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Perfect Repeat ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuation

ABSTRACT This essay provides further explanation of the mathematical details of orbital forcing and glacio-eustatic modeling (Parametric Forward Modeling, PFM) aspects and applications. A slight tune-up of the Earth’s eccentricity calculations (LA04 of Lasker et al., 2004) produces a near-perfect repeat of 14.58 million-year period and allows PFM to predict the glacio-eustatic component of sea-level fluctuation throughout the Phanerozoic. Generalities of an exploratory grid search of the parameter space of the model are reviewed and repetitive peak sea levels and low sea levels are noted in context of the Arabian Orbital Stratigraphy (AROS) terminology and time scale. Emphasis on the straton (405,000 year “tuning fork” of stratigraphic time) will lead to improvements in sequence-stratigraphic methods and results.

scholarly journals Facies, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir/seal potential of a Jilh Formation outcrop equivalent (Wadi Sahtan, Triassic, Upper Mahil Member, Sultanate of Oman)

GeoArabia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Obermaier ◽  
Thomas Aigner ◽  
Holger C. Forke
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Oman Mountains ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Reservoir Potential

ABSTRACT The investigated Middle to Upper Triassic Upper Mahil Member, representing a Jilh outcrop equivalent in the Northern Oman Mountains, illustrates the proximal portion of a flat epeiric carbonate ramp. A sedimentological study of well-exposed outcrops in Wadi Sahtan may serve as a reference section for a sequence-stratigraphic framework and detailed facies description of the Upper Mahil Member. It also provides an insight into the seal and reservoir potential of carbonates in a low-accommodation inner ramp setting. Outcrop observations and thin section analyses yielded 14 different lithofacies types ranging from a supratidal marsh to high-energy subtidal shoal environment. Vertical facies stacking patterns show three basic small-scale cycle motifs (fifth-order). While mud-rich backshoal cycles with claystone intercalations and rooted/bioturbated mud-/wackestones illustrate potential baffles and seal units around the center of the Upper Mahil, potential reservoir units occur stratigraphically in the upper part of the formation. There, a few meter-thick trough cross-bedded oolitic-/peloidal-rich grainstone depicts maximum accommodation within backshoal to shoal cycle types below the erosional base-Jurassic unconformity. The investigated outcrop section in Wadi Sahtan was subdivided into nine almost complete third-order sequences. Two to four of these sequences are further stacked into three second-order super-sequences which are well reflected in the gamma-ray pattern. The highest reservoir potential occurs around second-order maximum floodings. Internal seals can be observed at third-order sequence boundaries where shales and muddy carbonates are up to 20 m thick. A regional correlation with subsurface data from Yibal and Lekhwair in Oman shows that the apparent thickness changes in the Upper Mahil (Jilh) are mainly determined by the Late Triassic/Early Jurassic erosional truncation. The occurrence of thick anhydrite units in the subsurface indicates a more proximal setting towards the southwest.

Sedimentary Facies of the First Member of Qingshankou-Formation in Late Cretaceous Songliao Basin of Daqing Oilfield China

2014 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 428-431
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Core Logging ◽  
The One ◽  
Continental Basin ◽  
Order Sequence ◽  
Sequence Unit

According to core, logging and seismic data, using tectonic-stratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysise theories in Qingshankou Formation of division and comparison, and the sequence boundary and sequence unit to be optimized, in order to carry out seismic deposition. By determining the levels of sequence interface on seismic, logging and faces reflecting characteristics of the study area to build sequence interface identifier. In the course of practical work, identified the continental basin of the more common of the one to three levels of sequence interface, system interface and the parasequence set interface. In Songliao Basin, second-order sequences often corresponding to the tectonic evolution of the basin episodic stage, and in each period of prototype basin internal episodic tectonic extension or episodic of tectonic inversion is consistent, in Qingshankou Formation in the development of one second-order sequence boundary SB11 (T11), three third-order sequence boundary, there are SB12 (T12), SB13 (T13) and SB2 (T2), seven forth-order sequence boundary. In the plane, using the data of 256 wells, analysis of the distribution characteristics of the sedimentary facies of the first member of Qingshankou-Formation.

Transgressive–regressive (T–R) sequence analysis of the Jurassic succession of the Sverdrup Basin, Canadian Arctic Archipelago

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Embry
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Sverdrup Basin ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Boundary Characteristics ◽  
Fifth Order ◽  
Order Sequence

Transgressive–regressive (T–R) sequence analysis has been applied to the Jurassic succession of the Sverdrup Basin with sequence boundaries drawn at subaerial unconformities or the correlative transgressive surfaces. A hierarchal system of sequence order that reflects the different nature of the boundaries has been formulated on the basis of boundary characteristics. Second- through fifth-order sequences have been recognized in the Jurassic succession, which itself is part of a first-order sequence of mid-Permian – Early Cretaceous age.The Jurassic strata occur within four second-order sequences. The boundaries of these sequences are characterized by widespread subaerial unconformities across which major changes in depositional and subsidence regimes occur. These boundaries are earliest Rhaetian, earliest Pliensbachian, earliest Bajocian, earliest Oxfordian, and Hauterivian in age.Each second-order sequence is divisible into a number of third-order sequences bounded mainly by basin-wide transgressive surfaces with subaerial unconformities present on the basin margins. The ages of the 10 Jurassic third-order sequences are Rhaetian – Hettangian, Sinemurian, Pliensbachian – Toarcian, late Toarcian – Aalenian, Bajocian, Bathonian, Callovian, Oxfordian – early Kimmeridgian, late Kimmeridgian – early Tithonian, and late Tithonian. The third-order sequences commonly contain three to six fourth-order sequences. These sequences are bound entirely by transgressive surfaces that can be correlated only over a portion of the basin.A good correlation between the second- and third-order transgressive events of the Sverdrup Basin and proposed global events is observed. This worldwide occurrence suggests that the events in part reflect eustatic sea-level changes. The characteristics of the second- and third-order boundaries also indicate that each had a tectonic influence that resulted in a rapid relative sea-level fall (uplift) followed by a rapid rise (subsidence). Given the apparent combination of tectonic and eustatic influence on the generation of the second- and third-order sequence boundaries, they are interpreted to reflect significant plate-tectonic reorganizations that affected the intraplate stress regimes of the oceanic (eustatic) and continental (tectonic) portions of each lithospheric plate.

scholarly journals Devonian Jauf Formation, Saudi Arabia: Orbital Second-order Depositional Sequence 28

GeoArabia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moujahed Al-Husseini ◽  
Robley K. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Depositional Sequence ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
Orbital Cycles ◽  
Flooding Event ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Order Sequence ◽  
Reference Section

ABSTRACT The Devonian Jauf Formation (Huj Group) froms part of a regional transgressive-regressive depositional sequence that extends more than 1,500 km across the Arabian Platform from the Al Jawf outcrops in northwest Saudi Arabia, to the subsurface of eastern Saudi Arabia and Oman (Misfar Group). The formation ranges in thickness from 200–335 m in eastern Saudi Arabia to about 300–330 m in northwest Saudi Arabia. It disconformably (?unconformably) overlies the continental to shallow-marine Tawil Formation, and is unconformably overlain by the continental Jubah Formation. The Jauf Formation consists of five members that are apparently conformable; from base-up: Sha’iba Shale, Qasr Limestone, Subbat Shale, Hammamiyat Limestone and Murayr. In the Al-Qalibah reference section, it is divided into 21 informal units. The Early Devonian Emsian Hammamiyat Member represents the main marine flooding event; it consists of Hammamiyat units 1–6 each characterized by a clastic section that is capped by limestone. The Jauf Formation is interpreted as an orbital second-order depositional sequence (denoted DS2 28), which is bounded by two second-order sequence boundaries: SB2 28 = Jauf/Tawil (c. 407.6 Ma) and SB2 27 = Jubah/Jauf (c. 393.0 Ma). The Jauf Formation appears to consist of six third-order depositional sequences (DS3 28.1 to 28.6) that were deposited in the Early Devonian, ?Pragian and Emsian stages The Hammamiyat Member (DS3 28.4) is interpreted to consist of six fourth-order orbital cycles (DS4 28.4.1 to 28.4.6) each deposited in 0.405 million years.

Sequence stratigraphic framework of the mid-Cretaceous nonmarine Potomac Formation, New Jersey and Delaware

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 713-728
Author(s):  
Jesse D. Thornburg ◽  
Kenneth G. Miller ◽  
James V. Browning
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Pollen Zone ◽  
Stratigraphic Framework ◽  
Lower Aptian ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Lithologic Unit ◽  
Stacking Patterns ◽  
Order Sequence

ABSTRACT We developed a sequence stratigraphic framework for the (Barremian to lower Cenomanian) fluvial–deltaic (primarily delta plain) Potomac Formation in the Medford, New Jersey, Fort Mott, New Jersey, and Summit Marina, Delaware coreholes. Previous studies have correlated distinctive lithologic units with attendant pollen zones and identified tentative sequence boundaries between lithologic units I (Barremian to lower Aptian, pollen Zone I), II (Aptian to lowermost Cenomanian, pollen Zone II), and III (lower Cenomanian, pollen Zone III) at all three sites. Here, we further subdivide these units into packages known as fluvial aggradation cycles (FACs). An analysis of FAC stacking patterns reveals potential sequence boundaries and systems tracts. FACs indicate that major lithologic unit boundaries are also sequence boundaries, indicate tentative higher-order sequence boundaries, and provide potential additional correlative surfaces among Potomac Formation sites. Our study demonstrates the applicability of the FAC method to identify stacking patterns and sequence stratigraphic surfaces in fluvial–deltaic deposits and demonstrates that FACs are excellent tools to decipher the difficult-to-correlate surfaces.

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