Sur la distribution de l'oxygene dans la lithosphere

1945 ◽  
Vol S5-XV (4-6) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Brajnikov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Absolute Content ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract Discusses the problem of the distribution of oxygen in the lithosphere from the point of view of the absolute amount of oxygen in rocks and minerals contained in a cubic centimeter and concludes that the absolute content remains constant with depth and that there may be rocks impermeable to solutions, but not to ions.

Stochastic pumping of non-equilibrium steady-states: how molecules adapt to a fluctuating environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Astumian
Keyword(s):  
Steady States ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Fluctuating Environment ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Fluctuations favour state B = (B,B′) based on kinetic asymmetry combined with moderate dissipation rather than state A = (A,A′) in which the absolute amount of dissipation is greater but where there is no kinetic asymmetry.

scholarly journals Creation of Technical Conditions for Use or Infringement – The Meanders of the Warehouse Keeper’s Liability in Light of CJEU Judgment C-567/18 Coty Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Krystyna Szczepanowska-Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Property Right ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Law ◽  
Trademark Use

AbstractOne form of industrial property right infringement is stocking for the purpose of offering or marketing. This form of infringement appears both in EU legal acts on trademarks or designs, as well as in national regulations, including those concerning patents. What is specific to stocking when compared to other activities comprising the stipulated exclusivity of the holder of industrial property rights is the fact that the literal meaning of “stocking” does not explain whether the infringing party or the warehouse keeper is the entity that places the goods in storage. The structure of industrial property rights as absolute rights would theoretically permit the view that the law is violated by both the entity that accepts the goods for storage and the entity that places such goods in storage. To determine if there is an infringement, it must be established what the goods being stocked are further intended for. It is not without significance that the finding of an infringement of industrial property rights does not depend on fault or awareness. From the point of view of the industrial property law regime, it is difficult to find arguments against this understanding of infringement by stocking. Since the offeror of goods infringing industrial property rights may be held liable even if the goods have not yet been manufactured, it is conceivable that the entity accepting such goods for stocking is also liable. This interpretation of the concept of stocking would certainly correspond to the absolute nature of liability for infringement.In a recent judgment the CJEU confirmed that the warehouse keeper who, on behalf of a third party, stores goods which infringe trademark rights only creates the technical conditions for trademark use by this third party provided that the warehouse keeper is not aware of that infringement. The CJEU also confirmed that only the person who decides about the purpose of storing the goods can be treated as an infringer. However, the CJEU did not respond to the question regarding whether the warehouse keeper could be treated as an infringer if it pursues the aims of storing the goods at the request of the entity that put the goods into storage.

scholarly journals Quantitative manganese dissolution investigation in lithium-ion batteries by means of X-ray spectrometry techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Zech ◽  
Marco Evertz ◽  
Markus Börner ◽  
Yves Kayser ◽  
Philipp Hönicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Manganese Deposition ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Manganese Species

The manganese deposition of an aged anode has been investigated with K-edge and L-edge NEXAFS to determine the manganese species. In addition, the absolute amount of manganese could be revealed with reference-free X-ray fluorescence analysis.

To hematology of scurvy

1904 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
M Beloglazov
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
The Absolute

11 people of scurvy patients of various ages (from 14 to 52 years old) were investigated by the author from the side of blood changes. The main results of the study are as follows: i) The absolute amount of hemoglobin in all the cases studied is reduced; the gradual increase during recovery does not reach the norm even when the number of red blood cells becomes normal.

The Energy-Sources in Ontogenesis

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
JOSEPH NEEDHAM
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Urea Production ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Production Of Ammonia

1. Investigation of the ammonia content of the developing hen's egg shows that though in absolute amount it steadily increases during incubation, in percentage of the embryonic weight it declines. 2. The intensity of production of ammonia reaches its highest point on the fourth day, i.e. five days before that of urea production, and seven days before that of the production of uric acid. 3. The absolute amounts of nitrogen excreted in the form of ammonia are so small, however, that the curve for protein combusted by 100 gm. of embryo each day is hardly affected, and rises to a peak between the eighth and ninth days. 4. These results are compared with others already in the literature of chemical embryology, which seem to bear on the theory of recapitulation. They afford further support to the conception of an ontogenetic succession of energy-sources.

Composition and content of amino acids in plants of galega orientalis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Truzina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Absolute Content ◽  
Galega Orientalis ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Formation Phase

The highest percentage of protein is observed at the beginning of the Bud formation phase, especially in the leaves. The amino acid composition of the protein does not change, but depending on the phase of development and analyze parts of the plant, the absolute content of their different.

scholarly journals Is Allah die Here?

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Van Rooy
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
John Calvin ◽  
Timothy 1 ◽  
Distorted Image ◽  
Absolute Sense ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
The Absolute

Regarding the issue whether Allah is God, much difference of opinion exists among Reformed theologians. J.H. Bavinck, John Calvin and Z. Ursinus would probably say no in answer to the question as to whether Allah is God. whereas others, like Albert Kruyt and most specialists on Islam would say yes. These differences may be explained as emanating from different approaches. The subjective-personal point of view would not recognize in Allah the God of the Bible. Gods of different faiths reflecting a distorted image of God should, however, only in a very relative and limited way he called false gods. The exegetical point of view should take cognisance of Taul’s statements about the God of Judaism in Romans 10:2 and his own experience according to 2 Timothy 1:3. These Pauline statements make it clear that the God of Judaism cannot historically and objectively be called an idol. Knowledge of Allah of Islam, however, is historically dependent on Judaism and Christianity, and is therefore an extension of the knowledge Jews and Christians have of God. From a New Testament perspective Judaism and Islam cannot be called true religions, but neither can the God they worship be called an idol in the absolute sense of the word.

P686 Expression of CD39 ectonucleotidase on regulatory T cells and on T helper 17 cells in children with IBD receiving anti-TNF therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S558-S559
Author(s):  
S V Petrichuk ◽  
Т Radygina ◽  
A Illarionov ◽  
D Kuptsova ◽  
A Potapov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Sustained Remission ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽  
Th17 Lymphocytes ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background CD39, CD73 ectonucleotidases convert extracellular ATP (eATF) to adenosine. eATF is known to have pro-inflammatory activity, and adenosine has anti-inflammatory activity. It was shown decreasement CD39 expression on regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) during exacerbation in adult patients with IBD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of CD39 on Treg and Th17 lymphocytes (Th17) in children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with different responses to anti-TNF therapy. Methods The study included 68 children with IBD (CD 35 patients, UC 33 patients) aged 4–18 years with duration of the disease from 6 months till 15 years. All patients were treated with anti-TNF (infliximab, adalimumab) during 11–86 weeks. Clinical response was evaluated according to PUCAI (UC) and PCDAI (CD) scores. Group 1 (n = 35) included patients with exacerbation during anti-TNF therapy, in Group 2 (n = 25) patients with sustained remission. The expression of CD39 on Treg (CD3CD4CD25CD127low) and Th17 cells (CD3CD4CD161) was determined by flow cytometry (NovoCyte Acea Biosciences, Inc.). Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric Mann–Whitney test and ROC analysis (SPSS Statistics 20). Results It were observed inflammatory activity increasement according to PUCAI (Med 40 [30–65], p = 0.8 × 10–5) and PCDIA scores (Med 28.8 [15–55], p = 1.2 × 10–5) in Group 1 in comparison with Group 2. The amount of Treg expressing CD39 (Treg CD39) was 6–58% from Treg (6–80 cl/μl), and the amount of Th17 with the CD39 marker (Th17CD39) was 0.5–57% (2–49 cl/μl). A direct correlation was revealed between TregCD39 and Th17CD39 (r=0.55 p = 1 × 10–6). It was shown that the number of TregCD39 and Th17CD39 does not depend on the age of the child. However, with an increase in the duration of the disease, a decrease in the absolute amount of Th17CD39 is observed (r = −0.3, p = 0.016). In patients Group 1 there was a significant reduction of CD39 expression on Treg (p = 0.00002) and on Th17 (p = 0.0009) compared with a Group 2 in both diseases. The dependence of TregCD39 on PUCAI (r = −0.5 p = 0.013) and PCDAI (r = −0.43 p = 0.03) was revealed. ROC analysis showed that the cut-off level for groups 1 and 2 is 31.7% for TregCD39 (AUC=0.77; Se 69%, Sp 68%) and 37 cl/μl (AUC=0.907; Se 88%, Sp 88%). Cut-off level for the absolute amount of Th17CD39 was 21 cl/μl (AUC=0.888; Se 79%, Sp 81%). Conclusion The decreasement in the amount of TregCD39 below 31 cl/μl and Th17CD39 below 21 cl/μl is associated with an exacerbation of the disease. The expression level of ectonucleotidase CD39 on Treg and Th17 in children with IBD receiving anti-TNF therapy is independent of age and allows to differentiate the state of remission and exacerbation.

scholarly journals Protein turnover of breast muscle in germ-free and conventional chicks

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Muramatsu ◽  
D. N. Salter ◽  
M. E. Coates
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Protein Synthesis Rate ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Isotopic Equilibrium ◽  
The Absolute

1. The effect of the gut microflora on protein turnover in pectoral muscle (M. pectoralis profundus) was studied by means of dietary infusion of L-[UJ-14C]phenylalanine and of massive dose injection of L-[4-3H]phenylalanine in chicks fed on a semi-purified casein—gelatin (SCG) diet until 19 d of age, and in those subsequently given either a nitrogen-free (NF) diet or NF supplemented with methionine and arginine (MA) for a further 9 d.2. Time-course changes in radioactivity released in expired carbon dioxide during the 8 h infusion period showed that isotopic equilibrium was reached in 4 h with the SCG diet and in 5 h with the MA diet. However, with the protein-deprived chicks given the NF diet, isotopic equilibrium was not achieved since radioactivity in CO2 increased linearly throughout.3. On feeding the NF diet, fractional protein synthesis rate and the absolute amount of protein synthesized in chick breast muscle were reduced. These reductions were partially alleviated by supplementing the NF diet with methionine and arginine.4. The fractional degradation rate of breast muscle was increased in chicks given the NF diet, while the absolute amount of protein degraded was decreased. The addition of methionine and arginine counteracted these changes brought about by protein starvation.5. Generally speaking, the presence of the gut microflora had little, if any, effect on protein turnover rate in chick-breast muscle.

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