The addition of extra calcium to a chloride-rich ration does not affect the absolute amount of calcium absorbed by non-pregnant, dry cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Th. Schonewille ◽  
A. Th. Klooster ◽  
A. C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Amount ◽  
The Absolute

Stochastic pumping of non-equilibrium steady-states: how molecules adapt to a fluctuating environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Astumian
Keyword(s):  
Steady States ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Fluctuating Environment ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Fluctuations favour state B = (B,B′) based on kinetic asymmetry combined with moderate dissipation rather than state A = (A,A′) in which the absolute amount of dissipation is greater but where there is no kinetic asymmetry.

scholarly journals Quantitative manganese dissolution investigation in lithium-ion batteries by means of X-ray spectrometry techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Zech ◽  
Marco Evertz ◽  
Markus Börner ◽  
Yves Kayser ◽  
Philipp Hönicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Manganese Deposition ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Manganese Species

The manganese deposition of an aged anode has been investigated with K-edge and L-edge NEXAFS to determine the manganese species. In addition, the absolute amount of manganese could be revealed with reference-free X-ray fluorescence analysis.

To hematology of scurvy

1904 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
M Beloglazov
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
The Absolute

11 people of scurvy patients of various ages (from 14 to 52 years old) were investigated by the author from the side of blood changes. The main results of the study are as follows: i) The absolute amount of hemoglobin in all the cases studied is reduced; the gradual increase during recovery does not reach the norm even when the number of red blood cells becomes normal.

The Energy-Sources in Ontogenesis

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
JOSEPH NEEDHAM
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Urea Production ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Production Of Ammonia

1. Investigation of the ammonia content of the developing hen's egg shows that though in absolute amount it steadily increases during incubation, in percentage of the embryonic weight it declines. 2. The intensity of production of ammonia reaches its highest point on the fourth day, i.e. five days before that of urea production, and seven days before that of the production of uric acid. 3. The absolute amounts of nitrogen excreted in the form of ammonia are so small, however, that the curve for protein combusted by 100 gm. of embryo each day is hardly affected, and rises to a peak between the eighth and ninth days. 4. These results are compared with others already in the literature of chemical embryology, which seem to bear on the theory of recapitulation. They afford further support to the conception of an ontogenetic succession of energy-sources.

P686 Expression of CD39 ectonucleotidase on regulatory T cells and on T helper 17 cells in children with IBD receiving anti-TNF therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S558-S559
Author(s):  
S V Petrichuk ◽  
Т Radygina ◽  
A Illarionov ◽  
D Kuptsova ◽  
A Potapov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Sustained Remission ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽  
Th17 Lymphocytes ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background CD39, CD73 ectonucleotidases convert extracellular ATP (eATF) to adenosine. eATF is known to have pro-inflammatory activity, and adenosine has anti-inflammatory activity. It was shown decreasement CD39 expression on regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) during exacerbation in adult patients with IBD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of CD39 on Treg and Th17 lymphocytes (Th17) in children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with different responses to anti-TNF therapy. Methods The study included 68 children with IBD (CD 35 patients, UC 33 patients) aged 4–18 years with duration of the disease from 6 months till 15 years. All patients were treated with anti-TNF (infliximab, adalimumab) during 11–86 weeks. Clinical response was evaluated according to PUCAI (UC) and PCDAI (CD) scores. Group 1 (n = 35) included patients with exacerbation during anti-TNF therapy, in Group 2 (n = 25) patients with sustained remission. The expression of CD39 on Treg (CD3CD4CD25CD127low) and Th17 cells (CD3CD4CD161) was determined by flow cytometry (NovoCyte Acea Biosciences, Inc.). Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric Mann–Whitney test and ROC analysis (SPSS Statistics 20). Results It were observed inflammatory activity increasement according to PUCAI (Med 40 [30–65], p = 0.8 × 10–5) and PCDIA scores (Med 28.8 [15–55], p = 1.2 × 10–5) in Group 1 in comparison with Group 2. The amount of Treg expressing CD39 (Treg CD39) was 6–58% from Treg (6–80 cl/μl), and the amount of Th17 with the CD39 marker (Th17CD39) was 0.5–57% (2–49 cl/μl). A direct correlation was revealed between TregCD39 and Th17CD39 (r=0.55 p = 1 × 10–6). It was shown that the number of TregCD39 and Th17CD39 does not depend on the age of the child. However, with an increase in the duration of the disease, a decrease in the absolute amount of Th17CD39 is observed (r = −0.3, p = 0.016). In patients Group 1 there was a significant reduction of CD39 expression on Treg (p = 0.00002) and on Th17 (p = 0.0009) compared with a Group 2 in both diseases. The dependence of TregCD39 on PUCAI (r = −0.5 p = 0.013) and PCDAI (r = −0.43 p = 0.03) was revealed. ROC analysis showed that the cut-off level for groups 1 and 2 is 31.7% for TregCD39 (AUC=0.77; Se 69%, Sp 68%) and 37 cl/μl (AUC=0.907; Se 88%, Sp 88%). Cut-off level for the absolute amount of Th17CD39 was 21 cl/μl (AUC=0.888; Se 79%, Sp 81%). Conclusion The decreasement in the amount of TregCD39 below 31 cl/μl and Th17CD39 below 21 cl/μl is associated with an exacerbation of the disease. The expression level of ectonucleotidase CD39 on Treg and Th17 in children with IBD receiving anti-TNF therapy is independent of age and allows to differentiate the state of remission and exacerbation.

scholarly journals Protein turnover of breast muscle in germ-free and conventional chicks

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Muramatsu ◽  
D. N. Salter ◽  
M. E. Coates
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Protein Synthesis Rate ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Isotopic Equilibrium ◽  
The Absolute

1. The effect of the gut microflora on protein turnover in pectoral muscle (M. pectoralis profundus) was studied by means of dietary infusion of L-[UJ-14C]phenylalanine and of massive dose injection of L-[4-3H]phenylalanine in chicks fed on a semi-purified casein—gelatin (SCG) diet until 19 d of age, and in those subsequently given either a nitrogen-free (NF) diet or NF supplemented with methionine and arginine (MA) for a further 9 d.2. Time-course changes in radioactivity released in expired carbon dioxide during the 8 h infusion period showed that isotopic equilibrium was reached in 4 h with the SCG diet and in 5 h with the MA diet. However, with the protein-deprived chicks given the NF diet, isotopic equilibrium was not achieved since radioactivity in CO2 increased linearly throughout.3. On feeding the NF diet, fractional protein synthesis rate and the absolute amount of protein synthesized in chick breast muscle were reduced. These reductions were partially alleviated by supplementing the NF diet with methionine and arginine.4. The fractional degradation rate of breast muscle was increased in chicks given the NF diet, while the absolute amount of protein degraded was decreased. The addition of methionine and arginine counteracted these changes brought about by protein starvation.5. Generally speaking, the presence of the gut microflora had little, if any, effect on protein turnover rate in chick-breast muscle.

scholarly journals Hydroxide in olivine: A quantitative determination of the absolute amount and calibration of the IR spectrum

2003 ◽  
Vol 108 (B2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Bell ◽  
George R. Rossman ◽  
Joachim Maldener ◽  
Denis Endisch ◽  
Friedel Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
The Absolute

scholarly journals Coordinate regulation of mouse metallothionein I and II genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Yagle ◽  
R D Palmiter
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Coordinate Regulation ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
I Gene

Regulation of the endogenous mouse metallothionein I and II (MT-I and MT-II) genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids was studied in cultured mouse cells. Both mRNAs were measured simultaneously by solution hybridization with [3H]MT-I cDNA and [32P]MT-II cDNA, and the absolute amount of each mRNA was calculated by using a single-stranded M13 standard that contained both mRNA sequences. Both genes responded identically to different concentrations of metals (zinc, cadmium, and copper) and dexamethasone. Furthermore, the time courses of induction of both mRNAs were the same. However, under all conditions there was 1.2- to 1.9-fold more MT-I mRNA than MT-II mRNA. We conclude that both genes are regulated identically by receptors for glucocorticoids and metals but that the rate of transcription from the MT-I gene is slightly higher than from the MT-II gene.

scholarly journals Component composition of body weight in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
K.V. Pivtorak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The issue of the relationship between the features of the component composition of body weight with the emergence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is particularly relevant. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the component composition of the body weight in patients with NAFLD compared with almost healthy people of the first mature age. A comprehensive examination and analysis of anthropometric data of 112 patients with NAFLD of the first mature age of the Podolski region was carried out in comparison with the anthropometric data of practically healthy people, which were taken from the data bank of the materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University. The necessary anthropometric parameters for determining the absolute amount of adipose tissue, the absolute amount of muscle tissue, the absolute amount of bone component in body weight, using the formulas of J. Matiegka. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed in the program “STATISTICA 8” using parametric and non-parametric methods of estimation of the obtained results. It was found that the body fat according to the Matiegka formula in men and women with NAFLD was statistically significantly higher (p<0.001) than in the same sex of healthy men and women. Muscle weight and bone mass calculated by the Matiegka formula in men and women with NAFLD were statistically significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the healthy sex of men and women. Moreover, muscle and bone mass in healthy and NAFLD men were statistically significantly greater (p<0.05) than in the same age groups of women. Men and women with NAFLD have strong inverse correlations between muscle mass and body mass index. Also, the mean strengths of the correlation between the bone mass and body mass index were established. The obtained results, together with a known increase in body fat in NAFLD, show a significant change in muscle and bone mass toward a decrease, which allows us to identify new potential therapeutic targets.

Activation of alanine aminotransferase in serum by pyridoxal phosphate.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Lustig
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Aminotransferase Activity ◽  
Assay Mixture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase Activity

Abstract Alanine aminotransferase activity in serum increases significantly when serum is incubated with pyridoxal phosphate. The increase depends on the L-alanine concentration in the final assay mixture, being greatest at 800 mmol/liter. Preincubation of 22 normal sera, in a 10:1 ratio with an 8.09 mmol/liter pyridoxal phosphate solution, resulted in an increase in the alanine aminotransferase activity from 10.5 +/- 4.9 U/liter (mean +/- SD) to 28.4 +/- 5.3 U/liter, an increase of 170%. The absolute amount of apoalanine aminotransferase is relatively constant over a wide range of enzyme activities.

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