scholarly journals Argumentation schemes as a way of arguments studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Angelina S. Bobrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Argumentation Schemes ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Argument Scheme ◽  
Static Version ◽  
Everyday Reasoning

The paper investigates argument (argumentation) schemes that are used in the theory of argumentation for analyzing everyday reasoning. Such schemes should be understood as structures representing the most general types of argument. Today they are studied not only from theoretical perspectives but also in relation to their application in education and information technologies. Argumentation schemes allow us to identify, produce and evaluate real arguments, as well as critically assess discussions. Despite their popularity, argumentation schemes face some problems. The current presentation introduces the concept of schemes, describes their possible classifications, analyzes strengths and limitations in various approaches. However, the main focus of the paper is on the direction in which the conception of an argument scheme is being developed. I argue that the new stage of its development can be correlated with the birth of a dynamic style of argument in­vestigation that is opposed to a static version. A similar dichotomy can be observed in logic that stands for two types of formality: as pertaining to forms and as pertaining to rules.

scholarly journals Investigando sobre los medios: una reflexión sobre la metodología

Comunicar ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Letizia Caronia ◽  
André Caron
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Life Context ◽  
Sobre Todo

This paper presents some reflections on the methodological issues raised by contemporary research on the appropriation and daily uses of communication and information technologies. The authors argue the need for links between theoretical frameworks, hypothesis and methodological tools, suggesting that methodological matters are never «pure» methodological queries insofar as they reflect the researcher’s commitment to a broader level of theoretical perspectives. The purpose of the study was to focus on the subjective construction of the meaning people give to technologies and their uses in an everyday-life context. This paper discusses the methodological strategies that we-re used in the design of the study. Este trabajo muestra algunas reflexiones sobre las cuestiones metodológicas surgidas en la investigación actual sobre la apropiación y uso cotidiano de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Los autores argumentan la necesidad de unir marcos teóricos, hipótesis y herramientas metodológicas sugiriendo que los instrumentos metodológicos nunca son puros desde el momento en que reflejan los compromisos del investigador con un nivel más profundo que el de las ideas teóricas. El propósito de este estudio era sobre todo la construcción subjetiva del significado que la gente confiere a las tecnologías y a sus usos en el contexto cotidiano.

Entrepreneurship in the Internet

2011 ◽  
pp. 1405-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Serarols-Tarrés
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One

The increasing development of information technologies (IT) has significantly affected both firms and markets. IT is currently changing the world in a more permanent and far-reaching way than any other technology in the history of mankind (Carrier, Raymond, & Eltaief, 2004). A new economy, where knowledge is the most important strategic resource, is forcing firms to review their traditional routines and take advantage of the tools able to create new value. Nowadays, there are two types of firms using this new IT. On the one hand, firms with physical presence (traditional companies) use the Internet as a new distribution channel or alternatively as a logical extension of their traditional business. On the other hand, there are dotcoms, Internet start-ups, or cybertraders (European Commission, 1997), which have been specifically conceived to operate in this new environment. A number of scholars have attempted to explain the creation of new ventures from many different theoretical perspectives (economics, psychology, and population ecology among others) and have also offered frameworks for exploring the characteristics of the creation process (Bhave, 1994; Carter, Gartner, & Reynolds, 1996; Gartner, 1985; Shook, Priem, & McGee, 2003; Veciana, 1988; Vesper, 1990; Webster, 1976). However, despite the growing literature in this area, few studies have explored the process of venture creation in dotcom firms. Cyberentrepreneurship is still in its emergent phase, and there is more to know about the phenomenon and the elements of the venture creation process (Carrier et al., 2004; Jiwa, Lavelle, & Rose, 2004; Martin & Wright, 2005). What are the stages they follow to create their firms? This article attempts to answer this question. First, we analyse the entrepreneurial process of a new firm’s creation. Second, we shed some light on how this process is applied by cyberentrepreneurs in starting their businesses based on an in-depth, multiple case study of eight entrepreneurs in Spain.

scholarly journals MEDIA CONVERGENCE AS A FACTOR IN REFORMING THE JOURNALISTS TRAINING SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-122
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Training System ◽  
Media Convergence ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Online Journalism ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives

This article provides an overview of the current state of journalist training in Uzbekistan and experiences gained in this regard. With the advancement of information technologies, changes in national journalism education, analysis of the requirements for the development of the industry and the educational system will be under taken in the article. The concept of media convergence, the attempt to explain through the scientific and theoretical perspectives of increasing the importance of this phenomenon in journalistic practice and education will be covered. The development of Internet journalism also shapes new types of activities in the field of information, including blogging, citizen journalism, freelance journalism, as well as the emergence of online journalism, and, finally, the need for journalists and PR men who would work in these industries. It is also emphasized that interactive journalism is developing in the Internet, with a wider range of possibilities, the popularity of mobile communication and the development of social networks, increasing the role of the population in the dissemination of information – and the need for updating the education. Internet journalists graduated from specialized faculties need more knowledge and experience than the population, and they should meet the needs of the population in the global media and traditional media outlets fast and qualitatively. In this regard,the article highlights the importance to further improve the national educational system, by providing examples of international experiences and models of qualified journalist cadres who meet the information age requirements. The author offers recommendations on the use of information technology in modern journalism and the formation of professional skills in digital media and Internet journalism in students. Methods and tools for introducing information communication and Internet technologies into educational models and lesson processes should be directly linked to modern requirements, and the importance of journalistic education worldwide is rapidly changing.

Modeling User Training and Support for Information Technology Implementations

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal G. Shaw ◽  
Vikram Sethi ◽  
Anand Jeyaraj ◽  
Kevin Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
User Support ◽  
User Training ◽  
Bayesian Model Comparison ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Training And Support

Information technology implementations continue to be significant endeavors for both research and practice. Although prior studies have extensively examined user training and user support, a consensus is lacking on their conceptualizations. Prior research has argued for direct, as well as indirect, effects of user training and user support on perceived benefits while appealing to different theoretical perspectives. This study clarifies the roles of user training and user support in information technology implementations using data on 302 software implementations. Using a Bayesian model comparison strategy, the authors found that the effects of user training and user support on perceived benefits are mediated by individuals’ perceptions regarding the characteristics of the information technologies. These findings suggest that user training and user support should be treated as enablers in process of implementing information technologies.

Argumentation Schemes

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Walton ◽  
Christopher Reed ◽  
Fabrizio Macagno
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Schemes

The Evolution of Music Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-221
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Mastnak
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
Guided Imagery And Music ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Evolution Of Music ◽  
Based Medicine

Abstract. Five overlapping eras or stages can be distinguished in the evolution of music therapy. The first one refers to the historical roots and ethnological sources that have influenced modern meta-theoretical perspectives and practices. The next stage marks the heterogeneous origins of modern music therapy in the 20th century that mirror psychological positions and novel clinical ideas about the healing power of music. The subsequent heyday of music therapeutic models and schools of thought yielded an enormous variety of concepts and methods such as Nordoff–Robbins music therapy, Orff music therapy, analytic music therapy, regulatory music therapy, guided imagery and music, sound work, etc. As music therapy gained in international importance, clinical applications required research on its therapeutic efficacy. According to standards of evidence-based medicine and with regard to clearly defined diagnoses, research on music therapeutic practice was the core of the fourth stage of evolution. The current stage is characterized by the emerging epistemological dissatisfaction with the paradigmatic reductionism of evidence-based medicine and by the strong will to discover the true healing nature of music. This trend has given birth to a wide spectrum of interdisciplinary hermeneutics for novel foundations of music therapy. Epigenetics, neuroplasticity, regulatory and chronobiological sciences, quantum physical philosophies, universal harmonies, spiritual and religious views, and the cultural anthropological phenomenon of esthetics and creativity have become guiding principles. This article should not be regarded as a historical treatise but rather as an attempt to identify theoretical landmarks in the evolution of modern music therapy and to elucidate the evolution of its spirit.

Media Psychology and Complex Modes of Entertainment Experiences

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Klimmt
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Terror Management Theory ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Terror Management ◽  
Media Psychology ◽  
Mixed Emotions ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Complex Modes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Media Enjoyment

This comment briefly examines the history of entertainment research in media psychology and welcomes the conceptual innovations in the contribution by Oliver and Bartsch (this issue). Theoretical perspectives for improving and expanding the “appreciation” concept in entertainment psychology are outlined. These refer to more systematic links of appreciation to the psychology of mixed emotions, to positive psychology, and to the psychology of death and dying – in particular, to terror management theory. In addition, methodological challenges are discussed that entertainment research faces when appreciation and the experience of “meaning for life” need to be addressed in empirical studies of media enjoyment.

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