Rocky Mountain 1 Underground Coal Gasification Test: In-Situ Coal Conversion Using Directionally Drilled Wells

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.W. Gash ◽  
V.L. Hill ◽  
S.P. Barone ◽  
J.W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Coal Conversion

Prediction of feasible synthesis gas compositions at three European coal deposits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Otto ◽  
Thomas Kempka
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Coal Conversion ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
In Situ Conditions

<p>In the present study, we apply our validated stoichiometric equilibrium model [1], based on direct minimisation of Gibbs free energy, to predict the synthesis gas compositions produced by in-situ coal conversion at three European coal deposits. The applied modelling approach is computationally efficient and allows to predict synthesis gas compositions and calorific values under various operating and geological boundary conditions, including varying oxidant and coal compositions. Three European coal deposits are assessed, comprising the South Wales Coalfield (United Kingdom), the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) and the Ruhr District (Germany). The stoichiometric equilibrium models were first validated on the basis of laboratory experiments undertaken at two different operating pressures by [2] and available literature data [3]. Then, the models were adapted to site-specific hydrostatic pressure conditions to enable an extrapolation of the synthesis gas composition to in-situ pressure conditions. Our simulation results demonstrate that changes in the synthesis gas composition follow the expected trends for preferential production of specific gas components at increased pressures, known from the literature, emphasising that a reliable methodology for estimations of synthesis gas compositions for different in-situ conditions has been established. The presented predictive approach can be integrated with techno-economic models [4] to assess the technical and economic feasibility of in-situ coal conversion at selected study areas as well as of biomass and waste to synthesis gas conversion projects.</p><p><span>[</span><span>1] </span><span>Otto, C.; Kempka, T. Synthesis Gas Composition Prediction for Underground Coal Gasification Using a Thermochemical Equilibrium Modeling Approach. </span><em><span>Energies</span></em> <span><strong>2020</strong></span><span>, </span><em><span>13</span></em><span>, 1171.</span></p><p>[2] Kapusta et al., 2020</p><p>[3] Kempka et al., 2011</p><p>[4] Nakaten and Kempka, 2019</p>

Model Test Study of Underground Co-Gasification of Coal and Oil Shale

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 3129-3136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Mei Zhao ◽  
Jie Liang ◽  
Lu Xin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Occurrence State ◽  
Specification Analysis

For testing the feasibility of in-situ exploring oil shale by underground coal gasification. Based on the specification analysis of coal and oil shale, through simulating the occurrence state and characteristics of coal and oil shale, the underground Co-gasification model test was carried-out. In different gasification conditions (φ(O2) are 30%、35%、40%、45%、50% and oxygen/steam) ,The temperature-field extend rules of coal and oil shale、the separate-out rules of oil shale production and influence of oil shale on the quality of gas were studied. The results show that: when φ(O2) is 40-45%, temperature-rising rate is 7°C/min、extend rate of gasification face is 0.036m/h, the extend of temperature field is continuous and stable, the temperature change of oil shale and coal are synchronously , the high temperature of oil shale can up to 1000 °C above, that can satisfied the requirement of oil-gas collecting; and the same time , The heat-value of syngas improved 26.37%; The technological parameter was obtained in this test.

Mathematical Modeling of the Stream Method of Underground Coal Gasification

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 425-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Magnani ◽  
S.M. Farouq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Underground Gasification ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Synthetic Gas

Abstract This investigation focuses on mathematical modeling of the process of underground gasification of coal by the stream method. A one-dimensional, steady-state model consisting of five coupled differential equations was formulated, and the solution, extracted analytically, was used to develop closed-form expressions for the parameters influencing coal gasification. The model then was used for interpreting field performance curves, predicting the results of The performance curves, predicting the results of The field tests, and ascertaining the over-all process sensitivity to the input variables. The usefulness of the model was shown by establishing the parameters influencing the success or failure of parameters influencing the success or failure of an underground gasification project. Introduction One method of eliminating many of the technological and environmental difficulties encountered during the production of synthetic gas through aboveground coal gasification involves gasifying cod in situ. This process, known as underground coal gasification, was first proposed in 1868 by Sir William Siemens and is based on the controlled combustion of coal in situ. This in-situ combustion results in the production of an artificial or synthetic gas that is rich in carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and hydrocarbon gases. Despite the fact that reaction stoichiometry is a moot element of underground coal gasification, it is nonetheless believed thatcarbon dioxide is formed by the partial oxidation of coal,carbon monoxide is generated by the subsequent reduction of carbon dioxide, andthe hydrogen and hydrocarbon gases result from the water-gas reaction and carbonization of coal, respectively. To effect the controlled combustion of coal in situ, the coal seam first must be ignited and a means must be provided for supporting combustion (through injection of a suitable gasification agent) and producing the gases generated underground. Fig. 1 presents a schematic diagram of an underground gasification system that complies with these requirements. This approach to gasifying coal is known as the stream or channel method and necessitates drilling two parallel galleries, one serving as an injection gas inlet and the other as a producer gas outlet. These wells are then linked by a borehole drilled horizontally through the coal seam. Ignition occurs in the coal seam at the gas inlet and proceeds in the direction of flow. The combustion front thus generated moves essentially perpendicular to the direction of gas flow. perpendicular to the direction of gas flow.Since the technological inception of underground gasification, over 1,500 publications have appeared in the literature that bear testimony to the absence of a complete, legitimate, theoretical analysis of the underground gasification process. Given this observation, it is the basis of this paper that progress in underground coal-gasification research progress in underground coal-gasification research has suffered from the absence of "interpretative theory"; that is, it has suffered from a lack of logical, physical, and mathematical analysis of the governing and underlying aerothermochemical principles. The difficulties in formulating a principles. The difficulties in formulating a mathematical model adequately describing the numerous phenomena involved during coal gasification are indeed formidable. SPEJ P. 425

scholarly journals Underground coal gasification technology impact on coal reserves in Colombia

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (35) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
John William Rosso Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
Gasification Technology ◽  
Available Volume

<p>In situ coal gasification technology (Underground Coal Gasification–UCG–) is an alternative to the traditional exploitation, due to it allows to reach the today’s inaccessible coal reserves’ recovery, to conventional mining technologies. In this article I answer the question on how the today’s reserves available volume, can be increased, given the possibility to exploit further and better the same resources. Mining is an important wealth resource in Colombia as a contributor to the national GDP. According with the Energy Ministry (Ministerio de Minas y Energía) [1] mining has been around 5% of total GDP in the last years. This is a significant fact due to the existence of a considerable volume of reserves not accounted for (proved reserves at year 2010 were 6.700 million of tons. Source: INGEOMINAS and UPME), and the coal future role’s prospect, in the world energy production.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Lignite Properties on Its Suitability for the Implementation of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) in Selected Deposits

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5816
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kapusta
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Large Bulk

Two experimental simulations of underground coal gasification (UCG) processes, using large bulk samples of lignites, were conducted in a surface laboratory setup. Two different lignite samples were used for the oxygen-blown experiments, i.e., “Velenje” meta-lignite (Slovenia) and “Oltenia” ortho-lignite (Romania). The average moisture content of the samples was 31.6wt.% and 45.6wt.% for the Velenje and Oltenia samples, respectively. The main aim of the study was to assess the suitability of the tested lignites for the underground coal gasification process. The gas composition and its production rates, as well as the temperatures in the artificial seams, were continuously monitored during the experiments. The average calorific value of gas produced during the Velenje lignite experiment (6.4 MJ/Nm3) was much higher compared to the result obtained for the experiment with Oltenia lignite (4.8 MJ/Nm3). The Velenje lignite test was also characterized by significantly higher energy efficiency, i.e., 44.6%, compared to the gasification of Oltenia lignite (33.4%). The gasification experiments carried out showed that the physicochemical properties of the lignite used considerably affect the in situ gasification process. Research also indicates that UCG can be considered as a viable option for the extraction of lignite deposits; however, lignites with a lower moisture content and higher energy density are preferred, due to their much higher process efficiency.

scholarly journals Analisis dan pemodelan distribusi tegangan sumur bor injeksi pada proses underground coal gasification

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Irfan Fauzi ◽  
◽  
Zulfahmi Zulfahmi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification

Gasifikasi batubara bawah tanah adalah proses gasifikasi batubara secara in-situ pada lapisan batubara yang jauh di bawah tanah dengan cara melakukan injeksi udara bertekanan melalui sumur bor dan menghasilkan gas bakar batubara melalui sumur produksi. Salah satu permasalahan yang perlu diperhatikan dalam proses gasifikasi ini adalah kerusakan konstruksi sumur bor pada saat menginjeksikan udara bertekanan ke dalam sumur, ketika akan membuat jalur koneksi antara sumur injeksi dan produksi. Beberapa faktor yang perlu dievaluasi adalah tegangan dan regangan maksimum, distribusi tegangan dan regangan dan distribusi temperatur di sekitar lokasi sumur tersebut. Analisis dan pemodelan geomekanika dilakukan terhadap kondisi di sekitar sumur bor injeksi dengan memerhatikan kekuatan dan ketebalan casing, karakteristik batuan, kekuatan dan daya lekat penyemenan yang merupakan pengontrol rusak atau tidaknya sumur bor tersebut. Dengan asumsi nilai faktor keamanan ≥1,3, tegangan horizontal maksimum yang aman adalah 30 MPa dengan perolehan nilai tegangan maksimum di sekitar lubang bor sebesar 454,07 MPa, tegangan minimum 0,476 MPa dan regangan maksimum sebesar 0,08 m, serta distribusi temperatur berkisar antara 272,84-22°C dengan nilai terbesar di tengah lubang bor. Dengan demikian udara bertekanan maksimum yang diizinkan melalui konstruksi sumur injeksi adalah sebesar 30 MPa.

The Effectiveness of Reactive Materials for Contaminant Removal in the Process of Coal Conversion

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-505
Author(s):  
Jacek Grabowski ◽  
Aleksandra Tokarz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Reactive Material ◽  
Coal Conversion ◽  
Reactive Materials ◽  
Processing Water

ABSTRACT The technology of permeable reactive barriers (PRB) is one of the most frequently developed methods for protecting soil and water from pollution. These barriers are zones filled with reactive material in which contaminants are immobilized and/or their concentration is reduced to the limit values during the flow of contaminated groundwater. This article presents a study on the efficiency of the removal of contaminants from the post-processing water from the underground coal gasification (UCG) process. The tests were carried out in a laboratory using a flow-through reactor design. The post-processing water came from a UCG experiment carried out in the Barbara mine, Mikołów, Poland. Activated coal, zeolite, and nano-iron were used as the reactive materials in the experiment. The obtained results were compared to tests carried out with reference water (artificial) with strictly defined characteristics. Research has shown that activated carbon is the most effective material used in the reaction zone for removing organic contaminants from groundwater generated during the coal conversion process. A new feature is the use of PRB in a georeactor zone during the UCG process to limit the potential risk of contamination spreading in the case of uncontrolled and unpredictable operation, in emergency situations related to gas leaks into the environment, during underground fires, and for water polluted by high-toxicity substances.

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