Successful Hydraulic Isolation Assessment Saves Rig Utilization Time and Unnecessary Cement Remedial Squeeze Operation - Case Study, Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elyas ◽  
Daniel Agustin Freile ◽  
Maciej Pawlowski ◽  
Larisa Tagarieva ◽  
Shamseldin Zakrya Elaila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Movement ◽  
Oxygen Activation ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Remedial Intervention ◽  
Marginal Gain ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
The Right ◽  
Utilization Time

Abstract While drilling an 8 1/2-incli section of a north Kuwait producer well, severe mud losses were encountered. Hence, it was decided to design a light weight cement for the 7-inch liner section to avoid further losses while pumping the slurry. The main objective was to achieve a hydraulic isolation to avoid any heavy remedial intervention and potential dump flood behind the liner from the high-pressure Lower Burgan (LB) to Shuaiba. Full suite of well integrity logs were ran to properly assess whether enough hydraulic isolation was in place. To evaluate the bonding quality of the cement, two independent measurements were carried out across the 7-inch liner with the ultrasonic and sonic bond logs. A subsequent temperature survey was recorded to determine any geothermal anomaly, which could be indicative of fluid movement behind the casing. Finally, oxygen activation stations were conducted based on the cement log and temperature surveys to assure no water movement behind the casing. The ultrasonic and sonic bond log measurements showed an acceptable bond quality generally. However, the top part of Shuaiba formation up to LB exhibited relatively lower bond quality. The subsequent temperature and oxygen activation logs indicated that the zonal hydraulic isolation was achieved by showing no water movement behind the 7-inch liner. The two complementary surveys helped to take the proper forward decision for this well to go ahead with the planned perforation without cement remedial squeeze, since enough hydraulic isolation was proved to be in place behind the 7-inch liner. Additionally, this saved the rig utilization time and cost by avoiding unnecessary remedial operation. This is usually a heavy-duty operation, which takes time and induces holes in the casing that should be avoided, knowing this type of operation only provides a very marginal gain in terms of isolation. Furthermore, the well is currently producing at 0% water cut after completion. The proper cement design using light weight cement and optimized casing-landing plan were crucial to achieve good cement placement against formation. The use of the right well integrity approach helped to confirm that effective hydraulic isolation was achieved. Hence all these efforts resulted in the saved rig utilization time and cost by avoiding unnecessary squeeze intervention.

Application of LWD Multipole Sonic for Quantitative Cement Evaluation – Well Integrity in the Norwegian Continental Shelf

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhadeep Sarkar ◽  
Mathias Horstmann ◽  
Tore Oian ◽  
Piotr Byrski ◽  
George Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Bond Index ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Norwegian Continental Shelf

Abstract One of the crucial components of well integrity evaluation in offshore drilling is to determine the cement bond quality assuring proper hydraulic sealing. On the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) an industry standard as informative reference imposes verification of cement length and potential barriers using bonding logs. Traditionally, for the last 50 years, wireline (WL) sonic tools have been extensively used for this purpose. However, the applicability of logging-while-drilling (LWD) sonic tools for quantitative cement evaluation was explored in the recent development drilling campaign on the Dvalin Field in the Norwegian Sea, owing to significant advantages on operational efficiency and tool conveyance in any well trajectory. Cement bond evaluation from conventional peak-to-peak amplitude method has shown robust results up to bond indexes of 0.6 for LWD sonic tools. Above this limit, the casing signal is smaller than the collar signal and the amplitude method loses sensitivity to bonding. This practical challenge in the LWD realm was overcome through the inclusion of attenuation rate measurements, which responds accordingly in higher bonding environments. The two methods are used in a hybrid approach providing a full range quantitative bond index (QBI) introduced by Izuhara et al. (2017). In order to conform with local requirements related to well integrity and to ascertain the QBI potential from LWD monopole sonic, a wireline cement bond log (CBL) was acquired in the first well of the campaign for comparison. This enabled the strategic deployment of LWD QBI service in subsequent wells. LWD sonic monopole data was acquired at a controlled speed of 900ft/h. The high-fidelity waveforms were analyzed in a suitable time window and both amplitude- and attenuation-based bond indexes were derived. The combined hybrid bond index showed an excellent match with the wireline reference CBL, both in zones of high as well as lower cement bonding. The presence of formation arrivals was also in good correlation with zones of proper bonding distinguishable on the QBI results. This established the robustness of the LWD cement logging and ensured its applicability in the rest of the campaign which was carried out successfully. While the results from LWD cement evaluation service are omnidirectional, it comes with a wide range of benefits related to rig cost or conveyance in tough borehole trajectories. Early evaluation of cement quality by LWD sonic tools helps to provide adequate time for taking remedial actions if necessary. The LWD sonic as part of the drilling BHA enables this acquisition and service in non-dedicated runs, with the possibility of multiple passes for observing time-lapse effects. Also, the large sizes of LWD tools relative to the wellbore ensures a lower signal attenuation in the annulus and more effective stabilization, thereby providing a reliable bond index.

Cable Thru Downhole Insert Safety Valve: A New Paradigm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuswanto Kuswanto ◽  
Oka Fabian ◽  
Orient B Samuel ◽  
Mohd Yuzmanizeil B Yaakub ◽  
Chua Hing Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Valve ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Submersible Pump ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Artificial Lift ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gas Lift

Abstract The B Field is located in the South China Sea, about 45 KM offshore Sarawak, Malaysia, in a water depth approximately 230 ft. Its structure is generally regarded as a gentle rollover anticline with collapsed crest resulting from growth faulting. The reservoirs were deposited in a coastal to shallow marine with some channels observed. Multiple stacked reservoirs consist of a series of very thick stacked alternating sandstone and minor shale layers with differing reservoir properties. The shallow zones are unconsolidated, and the wells were completed with internal gravel packs. Wells in B Field mostly were completed in multi-layered reservoirs as dual strings with SSDs and meant to produce as a commingled production. The well BX is located within B Field and designed as oil producer well with a conventional tubing jointedElectrical Submersible Pump (ESP) system which was installed back in 2008. Refer to figure 1, the initial completion schematic is 3-1/2″ single string that consist of the single production packer, gas lift mandrel, tubing retrievable Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve (SCSSV) and ESP. The production packers equipped with the feed thru design to accommodate the ESP cable and the gas vent valve as part of the ESP completion design. The gas lift mandrel was installed in the completion string as a backup artificial lift method to receive the gas lift and orifice valve in the event of the conventional ESP failed. Hence the well still able to produce by introducing the gas thru the annulus to activate the gas lift valve. Eventually throughout the end of the the field life, the well would depend on the ESP system for the primary lifting method due to gas lift depth limitation and the gas supply. The conventional ESP failed after seven years of operation which is above the average ESP lifetime. The well last produced at a flow rate with 28 % water cut, however the well is not at the end of the field life. Based on the economical study with the right technology and cost efficient approach, the well still economicaly profitable. The Thru Tubing (TT) ESP technology is approached as cost effective solution compare to fully well workover. Despite a couple of operational challenges, for example, setting the cable hanger, maintaining downhole barrier requirement, the Thru Tubing Electrical Submersible Pump Cable Deployed (TTESP CD) and Cable Thru Insert Safety Valve (CT-ISV) was successfully installed. Several post-installation findings have uncovered some problems which are requiring some additional technical and operation improvement for future similar applications. This paper will highlight the deployment of the Cable Thru Insert Safety Valve (CT-ISV) that was successfully installed as pilot, which is the first application in the world, and also highlights the success, lesson learnt and improvement for future requirement for the CT-ISV application as one of the solution for retrofitting completion application without jeopardizing the well integrity. This achievement is collaboration between Company and service partner as the technology and deployment under the proprietary scope. Further technology application, the replication of this insert safety valve was conducted and successfully deployed on other three wells.

scholarly journals Analysis of the directions for improving the development systems for oil fields at the later stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(57)) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Doroshenko ◽  
Oleksandr Titlov
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Design Value ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Water Cut

The object of research is oil fields at a late stage of their development. The most problematic issues in the development of oil fields are the formation and withdrawal of residual oil reserves. This problem is especially acute at the late or final stage, when the oil productivity of the wells decreases and the water cut of the production catastrophically increases. The most acceptable development system in such conditions is the use of methods for increasing oil recovery and, first of all, by injecting water into the reservoir. At the same time, the problematic issue is the lack of reliable information on the paths of water movement from injection to production wells and the imperfection of methods for aligning the injectivity profile in injection wells and the flow profile in production wells. In the course of the study, statistically analytical methods were used to analyze the state of development of oil fields at a late stage and industrial approbation of methods for tracing water movement and substantiation of a reagent base to align the paths of water movement and oil inflow. A set of reagents and technological methods for ensuring the regulation of the process of flooding of oil fields at a late stage of their development have been investigated and developed. It has been proven that a promising direction is the injection of a 0.1 % aqueous solution of the Polycar polymer together with water. This solution first of all penetrates into highly permeable, water-washed, formation intervals, contributing to the leveling of the injectivity profile, reducing the water cut of surrounding production wells and increasing their oil productivity. Thanks to the research carried out, directions and means of improving the systems of field development at a later stage have been developed by organizing targeted (selective) waterflooding of oil deposits based on high-quality and comprehensive control of the movement of filtration flows in the reservoir. This will ultimately contribute to achieving and maintaining the design value of reservoir pressure, preventing a decrease in the rate of decline in oil production, obtaining the design value of the sweep efficiency by waterflooding, and withdrawing residual oil reserves.

Optimised design of systems and processes using algebraic inequalities

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110467
Author(s):  
Michael T. Todinov
Keyword(s):  
Additive Function ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Cantilever Beams ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Performance Of Systems ◽  
Inelastic Impact ◽  
Diverse Application ◽  
Weight Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Energy Absorbing

A method for optimising the design of systems and processes has been introduced that consists of interpreting the left- and the right-hand side of a correct algebraic inequality as the outputs of two alternative design configurations delivering the same required function. In this way, on the basis of an algebraic inequality, the superiority of one of the configurations is established. The proposed method opens wide opportunities for enhancing the performance of systems and processes and is very useful for design in general. The method has been demonstrated on systems and processes from diverse application domains. The meaningful interpretation of an algebraic inequality based on a single-variable sub-additive function led to developing a light-weight design for a supporting structure based on cantilever beams. The interpretation of a new algebraic inequality based on a multivariable sub-additive function led to a method for increasing the kinetic energy absorbing capacity during inelastic impact. The interpretation of a new inequality has been used for maximising the mass of deposited substance during electrolysis.

Automatic Weight Classifying Machine of Objects with Load Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 1565-1568
Author(s):  
Kataphon Prewthaisong
Keyword(s):  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Heavy Weight ◽  
Stepper Motors ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Medium Weight

This research paper presents the experimental results of classifying weight of objects by using a load cell. The machine was designed to classification of all three different objects' weight and the objects consisted of light weight, medium weight and heavy weight to move along the conveyor belt into the defined tray. Load cell was used for the object detection by reading the amount of the objects' weight, after that converted into an electrical signal for each different weight and then micro-controller process to control the stepper motor by closing or opening the door. The tray was designed to into 3 slots for the objects on condition that the operation of two stepper motors. If the one is rotated clockwise 130 degrees to open the door for a heavy weight to flow into slot on the left, if the other one is rotated clockwise 98 degrees to open the door for a medium weight to flow into slot on the center and if both ones are stopped a light weight to flow into slot on the right. From the result, it can be shown that the average classifying time of the testing objects is 15.30, 14.68 and 14.34 seconds for heavy weight, medium weight and light weight respectively and the classification of objects with high accuracy.

Random Change of Vibration Modes in Thermosonic Bonding

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
S.-Y. Kang ◽  
K. Chuang ◽  
Y. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Flip Chip ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Mode Change ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Random Change

Thermosonic bonding is being widely used for wire bonding and tape automated bonding (TAB). It is also being developed for flip-chip assemblies. The bonding process is sensitive to system parameters such as ultrasonic frequency, bonding tool length, and friction. One of the process control challenges is to prevent the random change of vibration modes. The change from an axial to a bending mode excitation may reduce the ultrasonic vibration amplitude at the bonding interface and result in poor bond quality. In this work, we have studied the random mode change effected by tool length, friction, and the frequency window selected for the power generator. In one case, the mode change was not observed when the tool end extended 2.32 cm below the longitudinal axis of the bonding horn. In the other case, however, the resonant frequency switched between 58.4 and 60.0 kHz when the tool moved 0.31 cm downward with all other system parameters held constant. Such a frequency shift resulted in a change of vibration amplitudes between 1.63 and 0.55 μm. Different random mode changes measured were explained by our theoretical models consisting of a modal analysis for the system and a vibration model for the tool. The models generated a guideline to prevent mode change by selecting the right system parameters.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN PADA AKSEPTOR KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN DI PMB BIDAN AMBARWATI CILACAP TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nursamsiyah Nursamsiyah ◽  
Siti Rohmah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Right

Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) adalah mengatur kehamilan dengan menggunakan alat atau cara kontrasepsi. Pemakaian alat kontrasepsi yang benar dan tepat oleh pasangan usia subur dijadikan upaya untuk menunda kehamilan, menjarangkan kehamilan dan mengakhiri kehamilan (BKKBN 2010). Menurut WHO jumlah penggunaan kontrasepsi suntik di seluruh dunia yaitu sebanyak 4.000.000 atau sekitar 45%. Kontrasepsi di Indonesia paling banyak di minati yaitu kontrasepsi suntik sebesar 34,3% (Riskesdas, 2013). Untuk mengetahui Gambaran Kenaikan Berat Badan Pada Akseptor KB Suntik Di PMB Bidan Ambarwati.,Amd.,Keb Tahun 2020". Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriftif yaitu peneliti hanya memberikan gambaran objek, tidak menggeneralisasi hasilnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan gambaran tentang kenaikan berat badan pada akseptor kb suntik (Sulistyoningsih, 2011). Hasil Penelitian ini didapatkan 100 akseptor yang mengalami kenaikan berat badan dengan klasifikasi berat badan ringan sebanyak 87 orang dan berat 13 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan Gambaran Yang Mengalami Kenaikan Berat Badan Pada Akseptor KB Suntik 3 Bulan Di PMB Bidan Ambarwati Cilacap Tahun 2020 sebanyak 100 orang. Diketahui kenaikan berat badan responden dengan kategori IMT Ringan sebanyak 87 akseptor dan kategori Berat sebanyak 13 akseptor. Diharapkan bidan agar lebih meningkatkan konseling dalam pelayanan kesehatan kepada WUS sehingga ibu dapat memperoleh informasi yang mencakup yang mengalami dengan kenaikan berat badan pada akseptor kb suntik.The Family Planning Program (KB) is the way to regulate pregnancy by using a tool or contraception method. The right and correct use of contraception method by couples of childbearing age is used as an effort to delay pregnancy, space out pregnancy and end pregnancy (BKKBN 2010). According to WHO, there are 4,000,000 or 45%  injection contraception used worldwide. The most popular contraception used in Indonesia is injection contraception as many as 34.3%. To find out the description of weight gain in injection contraception acceptors at PMB Midwife Ambarwati., Amd., Keb in the year of 2020. This type of research uses descriptive research, in which the researcher only provides an overview of the object, not generalizing the results. This study was conducted by providing an overview of weight gain in injection contraception acceptors. The results of this study found that 100 acceptors who have weight gain were classified into light weight for 87 people and heavy weight gain for 13 people. Based on the result and discussion, it can be concluded that there are 100 people who have weight gain at 3-month injection contraception acceptors at PMB Midwife Ambarwati Cilacap in 2020. It is found that in the increase of body weight respondents, there are 87 acceptors in the light IMT category and 13 acceptors in the heavy category. It is expected that midwives ought to further improve counseling in health services for WUS so that mothers can obtain information including those who have weight gain toward injection contraception acceptors.

scholarly journals Intelligent Behavior Utilizing Light-weight Diagnosis    

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Zimmermann ◽  
Franz Wotawa ◽  
Ingo Pill
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Physical System ◽  
Cyber Physical System ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Rule Selection ◽  
Atomic Actions ◽  
Intelligent Behavior ◽  
The Right

Intelligence in its decisions is a trait that we have grown to expect from a cyber-physical system. In particular that it makes the right choices at runtime, i.e., those that allow it fulfill its tasks, even in case of faults or unexpected interactions with its environment. Analyzing how to continuously achieve the currently desired (and possibly continuously changing) goals and adapting its behavior to reach these goals is undoubtedly a serious challenge. This becomes even more challenging if the atomic actions a system can implement become unreliable due to faulty components or some exogenous event out of its control. In this paper, we propose a solution for the presented challenge. In particular, we show how to adopt a light-weight diagnosis concept to cope with such situations. The approach is based on rules coupled with means for rule selection that are based on previous information regarding the success or failure of rule executions. We furthermore present a Java-based framework of the light-weight diagnosis concept, and discuss the results obtained from an experimental evaluation considering several application scenarios. At the end, we present a qualitative comparison with other related approaches that should help the reader decide which approach works best for them.

Well integrity and the correlation between borehole breakouts, drilling-induced tensile fractures and cement-bond log response

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Roger Marsh ◽  
Abbas Khaksar ◽  
Oliver Gaede ◽  
Adrian White ◽  
Chris Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Borehole Breakouts ◽  
Tensile Fractures ◽  
Cement Bond Quality

Traditionally, image logs are acquired for sedimentary and structural analysis and more recently geo-mechanical analysis. Caliper logs are usually acquired for cement volume information and borehole condition information with pad tools. In general, cement bond logs have been the only logs used for the assessment of cement bond quality and thereby well integrity at the end of the well construction phase. Cement bond logs occasionally produce puzzling results—the cement job parameters indicate a successful cement job, yet the cement bond log indicates otherwise. In some circumstances, the presence of a micro-annulus can cause the appearance of a bad bond. In others, the causes of such cement bond log responses are less obvious. Wellbore breakouts and drilling induced tensile fractures can cause drilling problems such as increased losses, washouts and cave-ins; however, their association with cement bond quality is not always appreciated. This dataset consists of LWD StarTrak and Lithotrak caliper data and EWL Wellbore Geometry Instrument (WGI) data and Segmented Bond Tool (SBT) data The data shows extensive zones of borehole breakouts as well as tensile fractures, some of which exist in areas without breakouts. The SBT pad data shows large areas of poor bond between relatively thin-cemented sections. The VDL data shows formation arrivals that became more pronounced with depth. When the data are compared, the zones that showed tensile fractures coincided with zones showing poor bond. The zones showing no tensile fractures or breakouts were also the zones showing good cement bond.

Improving Cement-to-Pipe Bonding Evaluation on Coated Casing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Albert Lumankun ◽  
Diyah Ayu Adiningtyas ◽  
Cinto Azwar ◽  
Ahmed Osman ◽  
Rudi Hartanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Bond Evaluation ◽  
Construction Operation

ABSTRACT In the Oil and Gas industries, drilling a well in both exploration and development operations is becoming more challenging due to the reservoir location and complex reservoir system. A sophisticated high-cost well structure with complex trajectory, subsea system, or even operating in deep water is sometimes unavoidable. One of the crucial factors for a successful well construction operation is to achieve excellent well integrity by having good zonal isolation throughout the target reservoir section. This requires flawless primary cementation from cement job planning, design, and up to execution. The cement bond quality will need to be evaluated by performing the post job cement execution evaluation and wireline logging cement bond log survey. Supported with more stringent regulations, well integrity is becoming a fundamental aspect in drilling and production operations. This brings new challenges to cementing operations and subsequent cement evaluation. Flawless primary cementation is of great importance, from the job planning, design, to the execution. Post-job cement evaluations are needed by performing Pressure Match Post-Job Analysis and Wireline Logging Cement Bond Log Survey. Key parameters in designing optimum zonal isolation cement slurry is good understanding of the wellbore technical challenges and mitigating all geological and formation-related risks, such as narrow pressure margin, gas migration risk, etc. Light cement, complicated cement composition recipes, small cement - mud weight ratio are more common these days, supported with the developing technology in cementing. These, on the other side, would impact the cement bond evaluation. Good cement bond is crucial to ensure good zonal isolation across the reservoir intervals. Casing external coating, applied to protect casing strings from rusts, is another aspect affecting the cement bond, especially cement-to-casing bond. A more advanced cement bond evaluation tool will be required to cope with variety of cementing conditions, to enable producing undoubted log results. Thus, helping Operator in making decisions of subsequent well operations. This paper shows and presents different cement bond log interpretation results from four wells executed with a different method of implementations, performed in a development drilling campaign in Natuna Sea, offshore Indonesia in year 2019. The paper will focus on the 9-5/8" casing cementation, on which the cement bond evaluation became one of the main attentions.

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