scholarly journals Cloning, characterization of TaGS3 gene and identification of allelic variation associated with kernel traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yang ◽  
Yanjie Zhou ◽  
Yu'e Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Hu ◽  
Qiuhong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background: Grain weight is an important yield component. Selection of advanced lines with heavy grains show high grain sink potentials and strong sink activity, which is an increasingly important objective in wheat breeding programs. Rice OsGS3 has been identified as a major quantitative trait locus for both grain weight and grain size. However, allelic variation of GS3 has not been characterized previously in hexaploid wheat. Results : We cloned 2445, 2393, and 2409 bp sequences of the homologs TaGS3-4A , TaGS3-7A , and TaGS3-7D in wheat ‘Changzhi 6406’, a cultivar that shows high grain weight. The TaGS3 genes each contained five exons and four introns, and encoded a deduced protein of 170, 169, and 169 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of plant GS3 protein sequences revealed GS3 to be a monocotyledon-specific gene and the GS3 proteins were resolved into three classes. The length of the atypical Gγ domain and the cysteine-rich region was conserved within each class and not conserved between classes. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the fifth exon (at position 1907) of TaGS3-7A leads to an amino acid change (ALA/THR) and showed different frequencies in two pools of Chinese wheat accessions representing extremes in grain weight. Association analysis indicated that the TaGS3-7A-A allele was associated with higher grain weight in the natural population. The TaGS3-7A-A allele was favoured in global modern wheat cultivars but the allelic frequency varied among different wheat-production regions of China, which indicated that this allele is of potential utility to improve wheat grain weight in certain wheat-production areas of China. Conclusions : The novel molecular information on wheat GS3 homologs and the KASP functional marker designed in this study may be useful in marker-assisted breeding for genetic improvement of wheat.

scholarly journals Cloning, characterization of TaGS3 gene and identification of allelic variation associated with kernel traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yang ◽  
Yanjie Zhou ◽  
Yu'e Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Hu ◽  
Qiuhong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background: Grain weight is an important yield component. Selection of advanced lines with heavy grains show high grain sink potentials and strong sink activity, which is an increasingly important objective in wheat breeding programs. Rice OsGS3 has been identified as a major quantitative trait locus for both grain weight and grain size. However, allelic variation of GS3 has not been characterized previously in hexaploid wheat. Results : We cloned 2445, 2393, and 2409 bp sequences of the homologs TaGS3-4A , TaGS3-7A , and TaGS3-7D in wheat ‘Changzhi 6406’, a cultivar that shows high grain weight. The TaGS3 genes each contained five exons and four introns, and encoded a deduced protein of 170, 169, and 169 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of plant GS3 protein sequences revealed GS3 to be a monocotyledon-specific gene and the GS3 proteins were resolved into three classes. The length of the atypical Gγ domain and the cysteine-rich region was conserved within each class and not conserved between classes. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the fifth exon (at position 1907) of TaGS3-7A leads to an amino acid change (ALA/THR) and showed different frequencies in two pools of Chinese wheat accessions representing extremes in grain weight. Association analysis indicated that the TaGS3-7A-A allele was associated with higher grain weight in the natural population. The TaGS3-7A-A allele was favoured in global modern wheat cultivars but the allelic frequency varied among different wheat-production regions of China, which indicated that this allele is of potential utility to improve wheat grain weight in certain wheat-production areas of China. Conclusions : The novel molecular information on wheat GS3 homologs and the KASP functional marker designed in this study may be useful in marker-assisted breeding for genetic improvement of wheat.

scholarly journals Cloning, characterization of TaGS3 and identification of allelic variation associated with kernel traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

BMC Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yang ◽  
Yanjie Zhou ◽  
Yu’e Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Hu ◽  
Qiuhong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background Grain weight is an important yield component. Selection of advanced lines with heavy grains show high grain sink potentials and strong sink activity, which is an increasingly important objective in wheat breeding programs. Rice OsGS3 has been identified as a major quantitative trait locus for both grain weight and grain size. However, allelic variation of GS3 has not been characterized previously in hexaploid wheat. Results We cloned 2445, 2393, and 2409 bp sequences of the homologs TaGS3-4A, TaGS3-7A, and TaGS3-7D in wheat ‘Changzhi 6406’, a cultivar that shows high grain weight. The TaGS3 genes each contained five exons and four introns, and encoded a deduced protein of 170, 169, and 169 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of plant GS3 protein sequences revealed GS3 to be a monocotyledon-specific gene and the GS3 proteins were resolved into three classes. The length of the atypical Gγ domain and the cysteine-rich region was conserved within each class and not conserved between classes. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the fifth exon (at position 1907) of TaGS3-7A leads to an amino acid change (ALA/THR) and showed different frequencies in two pools of Chinese wheat accessions representing extremes in grain weight. Association analysis indicated that the TaGS3-7A-A allele was associated with higher grain weight in the natural population. The TaGS3-7A-A allele was favoured in global modern wheat cultivars but the allelic frequency varied among different wheat-production regions of China, which indicated that this allele is of potential utility to improve wheat grain weight in certain wheat-production areas of China. Conclusions The novel molecular information on wheat GS3 homologs and the KASP functional marker designed in this study may be useful in marker-assisted breeding for genetic improvement of wheat.

scholarly journals Cloning, characterization of TaGS3 gene and identification of allelic variation associated with kernel traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yang ◽  
Yanjie Zhou ◽  
Yu'e Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Hu ◽  
Qiuhong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Component Selection ◽  
Important Objective ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background Grain weight is an important yield component. Selection of heavy grain wheat showed big grain sink-potentials and strong sink activity, which was becoming an important objective during the breeding program. Rice OsGS3 gene has been identified as a major QTL for both grain weight and grain size. However, allelic variation of GS3 gene has not been characterized in wheat. Results Here we isolated 2445bp, 2393bp and 2409bp genomic sequences of TaGS3-4A, TaGS3-7A and TaGS3-7D genes in Changzhi 6406 with high grain weight value by homologous cloning. All TaGS3 gene showed five exon and four intron and encoding putative 170, 169 and 169 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that GS3 was a monocot-specific gene and all GS3 protein were split into three classes. The length of the atypical Gγ domain and the cysteine-rich region was conserved within class and nonconserved inter-class. An SNP at the fifth exon (position of 1907) of TaGS3-7A gene would lead to amino acid change (ALA/THR) and showed different frequency in two pools with different grain weight. Further association analysis indicated that TaGS3-7A-A allele was associated with higher grain weight in the natural population. Conclusions These results providing some useful variants and a functional marker for further marker assistant breeding.

scholarly journals Efficient mapping of a female sterile gene in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
BINGDE DOU ◽  
BEIWEI HOU ◽  
HAIMING XU ◽  
XIANGYANG LOU ◽  
XIAOFEI CHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Genome Maps ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Elite Cultivar

SummaryStudies on inheritance of fertility are of great importance in wheat breeding. Although substantial progress has been achieved in molecular characterization of male sterility and fertility restoration recently, little effort has been devoted to female sterility. To identify the gene(s) controlling female sterility in wheat efficiently, an investigation was conducted for the seed setting ratio using a set of F2 populations derived from the cross between a female sterile line XND126 and an elite cultivar Gaocheng 8901. Bulked segregation analysis (BSA) method and recessive class approach were adopted to screen for SSR markers potentially linked to female fertility gene loci in 2005. Out of 1080 SSRs in wheat genome, eight markers on chromosome 2D showed a clear difference between two disparate bulks and small recombination frequency values, suggesting a strong linkage signal to the sterility gene. Based on the candidate linked markers, partial linkage maps were constructed with Mapmaker 3.0 (EXP) instead of whole genome maps, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was implemented with software QTLNetwork 2.0. A major gene locus designated as taf1, was located on chromosome 2DS. The above result was confirmed by the analysis for 2007 data, and taf1 was identified on the same chromosome 2DS with a confidence interval of 2·4 cM, which could explain 44·99% of phenotypic variation. These results provided fundamental information for fine mapping studies and laid the groundwork for wheat fertility genetic studies.

Multiplexed PCR to screen for a major QTL carrying fusarium head blight resistance in Sumai-3 wheat

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Matus-Cádiz ◽  
C. J. Pozniak ◽  
G. R. Hughes ◽  
P. Hucl
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Multiplexed Pcr ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Advanced Generation ◽  
Sumai 3

After the initial identification of microsatellites linked to economically important traits of interest, the additional investment to simplify the screening procedure for more routine use is of interest to plant breeders. The objective was to simplify an acrylamide gel based marker-assisted selection (MAS) method to facilitate high-through put screening for Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, a major quantitative trait locus carrying fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance in Sumai-3 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Method simplifications included incorporating the use of (1) 96-well DNA extractions, (2) multiplexed PCR reactions using microsatellite primers gwm493 and gwm533, and (3) agarose gels. Our modified FHB-MAS method was verified by screening six resistant (Sumai-3, ND2710, McVey, BacUp, HY644, and Alsen) and 52 susceptible parents and subsequently used to screen 5567 common wheat breeding lines developed from Sumai-3 derivatives. This simple and rapid method allows for the screening of 1000 lines per week, which can be used to skew segregating populations towards more resistant types and thereby advance primarily early and advanced generation lines that carry at least the major FHB QTL. Key words: PCR, Fusarium, microsatellites, gwm493, gwm533, Triticum

scholarly journals Concurrent detection of five Yellow dwarf viruses (B/CYDVs) in wheat in Mardin (Turkey) and phylogenetic relationship of BYDV-PAV

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1862-1872
Author(s):  
Abdulselam KARAOZAN ◽  
Mustafa USTA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Relationship Of

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a natural host of many viruses. Yellow dwarf viruses belonging to the Luteoviridae family are important virus species that cause economic loss by restricting wheat production worldwide. Surveys were conducted in 2017 to determine Yellow dwarf viruses (BYDV-PAV, BYDV-MAV, BYDV-SGV, BYDV-RMV, and CYDV-RPV) and their infection rates in wheat production areas in Mardin province. 400 fresh leaf samples collected were tested by  Multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (m-RT-PCR). The overall infection rate was found to be 3%. BYDV-PAV has been identified as the most widespread virus with a 2.5% presence rate. It was found out that BYDV-SGV, CYDV-RPV, and BYDV-RMV infections were lower, with rates of 1.75%, 0.5% and 0.25% respectively. In the current study, double infections were detected in 8 samples. The overall infection rate of the detected viruses (BYDV-PAV, BYDV-SGV, CYDV-RPV, BYDV-RMV) was found to be lower than the records reported in previous similar studies. No BYDV-MAV infection was found in any of the wheat samples tested. The cDNA of the coat protein (CP) gene of a BYDV-PAV isolate randomly selected from virus-positive samples was cloned, bidirectionally sequenced, and the phylogenetic relationship revealed. According to the phylogenetic analysis with 19 different isolates in the NCBI database of BYDV-PAV Mardin isolate, it showed the highest genetic similarity by 95.52% with the Germany isolate (KY634926) while the lowest similarity rate was 89.22% with the Germany and Pakistan isolates (KY634886 and JQ811489). The presence of BYDV-PAV, BYDV-SGV, CYDV-RPV, and BYDV-RMV were reported for the first time with this survey study conducted in Mardin.

scholarly journals Stability of yield components in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Miodrag Dimitrijevic ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Sofija Petrovic ◽  
Veselinka Zecevic ◽  
Jelena Boskovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Variability and stability of yield components for the large number of divergent common wheat genotypes originated in different world breeding institutions were studied. Interaction genotype x environment has been evaluated, in different environmental conditions. The experiment was performed using randomized block design in three replications on the experimental field in different environmental conditions. A total number of 60 plants have been analyzed in the full maturity stage. The analyzed cultivars showed very significant differences in the average values of analyzed traits. The significant influence of cultivars, year and their interaction on expression of traits was found. The effects of each of analyzed traits on phenotypic variability were different. The most stable genotypes have been determined for analyzed yield component. On the base of stability and phenotypic variability the genotypes can be used as parents in wheat breeding programs.

Grain yield and quality of wheat under increased ultraviolet radiation (UV-B) at later stages of the crop cycle

2007 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. CALDERINI ◽  
X. C. LIZANA ◽  
S. HESS ◽  
C. R. JOBET ◽  
J. A. ZÚÑIGA
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Crop Cycle

SUMMARYThe increase of ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation could be a challenge for wheat production systems in Southern Chile, as in other areas. Previous reports have shown that increased UV-B radiation decreases wheat yield by affecting both grain number and grain weight. However, contrasting results have also been published showing no effect on wheat biomass and grain yield. In addition, little is known about the effect of higher UV-B radiation at particular periods of the crop cycle on grain quality traits. The objective of the present study was to evaluate grain yield, yield components and grain quality in response to increased UV-B radiation during key periods of yield component determination. Two experiments were carried out under field conditions in the Universidad Austral de Chile (latitude 39°62′S). Two spring wheat cultivars were exposed to two periods of supplemented UV-B radiation (280–320 nm): (i) between booting and anthesis, c. 20 days, and (ii) from 10 days after anthesis until physiological maturity, c. 40 days. Ultraviolet radiation was increased to levels of 3·8 and 4·9 kJ/m2/day in experimental years 1 and 2, respectively, by using UV-B lamps. At harvest, plants were sampled to quantify aboveground biomass, grain yield, grain number and average grain weight. In addition, protein and gluten concentration of grains were measured. Grain yield was not affected (P>0·05) by the UV-B increase at pre- or at post-anthesis treatments. Similar results were found for each yield component. In addition, grain protein and gluten concentration showed similar values in the increased UV-B and control treatments. Therefore, if increases in UV-B radiation take place during the latter stages of the crop cycle as is expected, the present results do not support the speculation that increases of UV-B radiation in Southern Chile will compromise wheat production systems.

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