The global prevalence of dry eye disease and its association with economy: a systematic review

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between the economy and the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) worldwide. Methods Literature search on PubMed, Cochrane and Embase database was conducted to identify eligible records published from January 2008 to December 2018. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and gross national income (GNI) per capita was chosen to evaluate national economic status. Pearson coefficient, linear regression, and t test were performed in the statistical analyses. Results 32 population-based surveys conducted in 17 countries were included, with a total of 184255 subjects. The pooled mean prevalence of DED was 14.6%, and female individuals presented a higher prevalence than males (16.8% versus 11.5%, 𝑃 < 0.001). The prevalence of DED was negatively correlated with GNI per capita (𝑃 < 0.001, r = 0.603) and GDP per capita (𝑃 < 0.001, r = 0.600). Grouped by World Bank Income classifications, the prevalence of DED progressively declined with an increase in economic level from lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) to high-income countries (HICs). Remarkable difference was found between the prevalence of DED in LMICs and that in HICs (𝑃 < 0.001). Conclusions This study suggested a correlation between the economy and the prevalence of DED worldwide. These findings may provide valuable information on the global prevalence of DED from a distinctive epidemiologic perspective.

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Shift Work and Dry Eye Disease in the Korean Working Population: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5492

Author(s):

Joonho Ahn ◽

So-Jung Ryu ◽

Jihun Song ◽

Hyoung-Ryoul Kim

Keyword(s):

Shift Work ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shift Workers ◽

Chi Square Test

This study aimed to evaluate the association between shift work and dry eye disease (DED) in the general population. The 2011 Korea Health Panel (KHP) was used. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between shift work and DED. Stratification analysis was conducted by sex and age. Overall, the odds ratio (OR) of DED according to shift work did not showed significant results (adjusted OR = 1.230, 95% CI 0.758–1.901). When findings were stratified based on age older or younger than 40 years, the OR of DED increased to 2.85 (95% CI: 1.25–5.90) in shift workers under 40 years of age. Our results show an association between shift work and DED in a group of younger subjects.

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Association Between Dry Eye Disease and Migraine Headaches in a Large Population-Based Study

JAMA Ophthalmology ◽

10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.0170 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 137 (5) ◽

pp. 532 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Omar M. Ismail ◽

Zachary B. Poole ◽

Shane L. Bierly ◽

Eric D. Van Buren ◽

Feng-Chang Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Migraine Headaches

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Dry Eye Disease and Allergic Conditions: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Study

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4361 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 397-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Minkyeong Kim ◽

Jong-Hyun Oh ◽

Choul Yong Park ◽

Sang Wha Lee

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Population Based Study

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Association Between Migraine and Dry Eye Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Current Eye Research ◽

10.1080/02713683.2016.1262876 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 837-841 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Soonwon Yang ◽

Woojun Kim ◽

Hyun Seung Kim ◽

Kyung-Sun Na ◽

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Population Based Study

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Comorbidities of dry eye disease: a nationwide population-based study

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.01993.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 90 (7) ◽

pp. 663-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Tsung-Jen Wang ◽

I-Jong Wang ◽

Chao-Chien Hu ◽

Herng-Ching Lin

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Population Based Study

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Association between dry eye disease and asthma: a nationwide population-based study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5941 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5941 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yung-Chieh Huang ◽

Wei-Cheng Chan ◽

Jiaan-Der Wang ◽

Lin-Shien Fu ◽

Yu-Tse Tsan

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Research Database ◽

Medical Issues ◽

And Control ◽

Asthma Group

Background Dry eye disease (DED), a chronic ocular disease, is associated with numerous medical issues, including asthma. However, studies on these associations are limited. In this study, we investigated the incidence of DED among patients with asthma and its correlation with other allergic comorbidities. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. We compared the data of 41,229 patients with asthma with those of 164,916 sex- and age-matched non-asthma controls. We followed up the patient and control groups from 1998 to 2010, and compared the rate of DED in these two groups. We further analyzed the allergic comorbidities and asthma-related medication use among the patients with asthma to verify whether these factors were associated with DED. Results The patients in the asthma group were more likely to have DED than were the controls (6.35% vs. 4.92%, p < 0.0001). In the asthma group, female had a higher risk of DED (odds ratio (OR) = 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.57–1.85]) than males did. After adjustment for sex, age, income, urbanization, and the other two allergic comorbidities, patients with allergic rhinitis (adjusted OR = 1.58, 95% CI [1.46–1.72]) and urticaria (adjusted OR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.12–1.38]) were more likely to have DED, but not patients with atopic dermatitis (adjusted OR = 1.17, 95% CI [0.98–1.40]). Patients with asthma who had prescriptions of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) (adjusted OR = 1.29, 95% CI [1.01–1.64]), oral antihistamines (adjusted OR = 2.02, 95% CI [1.84–2.21]), and inhaled corticosteroids (adjusted OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.04–1.36]) exhibited association with DED. Discussion Our findings reveal that patients with asthma—particularly females—were more likely to have DED, with comorbidities such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria, and prescriptions including LTRAs, antihistamines, and inhaled corticosteroids. The results suggest that in clinical practice, physicians should pay attention to DED, particularly in patients with a high risk of DED.

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Comorbidities and Prescribed Medications in Patients With or Without Dry Eye Disease: A Population-Based Study

American Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.ajo.2018.10.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 198 ◽

pp. 181-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Reza Dana ◽

John L. Bradley ◽

Annie Guerin ◽

Irina Pivneva ◽

Amber M. Evans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Population Based Study

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Sleep Disorders, Mental Health, and Dry Eye Disease: A Population-Based Study in South Korea

10.21203/rs.3.rs-799158/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Youngju An ◽

Hyojin Kim

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep

Abstract Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface that causes severe discomfort, mild ocular irritation, fatigue, pain, visual disturbance, and a foreign body sensation. Stress, depression, and sleep disorders are considered risk factors for DED. Our aim was to investigate the association between mental health, sleep disorders, and DED in Korean adults. This population-based, cross-sectional study examined ophthalmologic data of 16,471 Koreans aged ≥20 years from the 2010–2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). DED was based on a medical diagnosis by a doctor, and data on mental health and sleep disorders were obtained using questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between mental health, sleep disorders, and DED, and we also adjusted for possible covariates. Short sleep duration (≤5 h/night), stress perception (yes), and depressive symptoms (yes) were significantly associated with the risk of DED even after correcting for demographic factors, lifestyle factors, and medical factors. Combined short sleep duration, stress, and depression were most strongly associated with DED, and thus ophthalmologists must be aware of the possibility of a higher prevalence of sleep disorders, stress, and depression in patients with DED.

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