Finding new QTL for yield traits based on a high-density genetic map in the super hybrid rice Nei2You No.6

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Zhengping Zhou ◽  
Yuyu Chen ◽  
Yongrun Cao ◽  
Chenwei Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Average Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Target Region ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
High Density Linkage Map ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Abstract Background Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. To determine the genetic basis of yield components in super rice Nei2You No.6, 387 recombinant inbred sister lines (RISLs) were obtained for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for yield-associated traits, such as 1000-grain weight (TGW), grain number per plant (GNP), number of panicles per plant (NP), and grain yield per plant (GYP). Results Using whole genome re-sequencing, a high-density linkage map consisting of 3203 bin markers was constructed with total genetic coverage of 1951.1 cM and an average density of 0.61 cM. As a result of the multi-environment test, 43 yield-related QTL were mapped to all 12 chromosomes, among which 28 inherited from Nei2B showed a positive effect on yield traits. Nine QTL, qTGW-1a, qTGW-5, qTGW-7, qTGW-10b, qTGW-10c, qTGW-12, qNP-7, qGNP-6c, and qGYP-6b, showed stable effects across multiple environments. Five of the nine QTL were co-located with previously reported QTL, and four novel loci, qTGW-7, qTGW-12, qGNP-6c, and qNP-7, were identified in the present study. Subsequently, qNP-7, qTGW-12, and qTGW-7 were validated using corresponding paired lines which differed only in the target region. Conclusions the RISL population is an effective tool for mapping and validating QTL of complex traits, for instance, yield-associated traits, and newly detected QTL provide new genetic resources for research of yield components and molecular breeding in rice.

Effects of herbicide use, fungicide use and position in the field on the yield and yield components of spring barley

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Boatman
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix experiments were carried out over 2 years (1985 and 1986) in commercial spring barley crops on calcareous soils in Hampshire. Herbicides increased grain yield by 0·05–1·21 t/ha, and fungicides by 0·01–0·68 t/ha. Herbicide use affected each of the yield components ears/plant, grains/ear, 1000-grain weight and harvest index in one or more cases but the effects were not consistent between experiments or consistently related to yield increases. Fungicide use had little effect on yield components other than 1000-grain weight, which was significantly increased in all experiments. There were no significant herbicide × fungicide interactions. Large differences in yield were recorded between field edge (headland) and midfield plots, with headland plots outyielding the midfield in two of the three experiments where this effect was considered.The effects of fungicide use were accounted for by associated increases in the green lamina area of the flag leaf and second leaf at the late milk stage of grain development. This is consistent with previous work. Differences in yield response to herbicide between sites were linearly related both to weed numbers early in the season and to weed biomass at harvest. Weeds did not always directly replace crop biomass; in some experiments the combined dry matter production was greater when herbicide was not used. However, the results indicate that, where a diverse weed flora composed of species of moderate to low competitive ability is present, simple weed counts may provide a useful indication of potential yield loss.It is concluded that headland areas can often be as productive as the rest of the field, but a greater understanding of the factors involved is needed if this potential is to be realized.

scholarly journals UJI ADAPTASI VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU TERHADAP WERENG HIJAU DAN PENYAKIT TUNGRO DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE, PROVINSI PAPUA

Agric ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Dini Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Average Population Density ◽  
Average Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

<p><em><span class="fontstyle0">Tungro is one of the important diseases in rice plants caused by two types of viruses were rod virus (rice tungro bacilliform virus) and spherical virus (rice tungro spherical virus) that was transmitted by the green leafhopper (GLH) Nephotettix virescens. The purpose of this study to determine the adaptation of new improved varieties against GLH and tungro disease in Merauke, Papua Province. Research conducted at Tanah Miring District, Merauke, Papua Province between February and June 2010. The study was a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consisted of 11 varieties, namely Inpari 1, Inpari 2, Inpari 3, Inpari 4, Inpari 5 Merawu, Inpari 6 Jete, Inpari 7 Lanrang, Inpari 8, Inpari 9 Elo, Inpari 10 Laeya, and Ciherang. Observations included the intensity of tungro and GLH population density at the age of rice plants of 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after planting (WAP). In addition, it was observed also the yield components of rice. The results showed that the GLH population density and the intensity of tungro disease was not significantly different at the 11 varieties tested. GLH attack had been found in 1 WAP with an average population density of 4.18 individual/20 single swing. GLH increases with the age of the rice crop with an average population density in 2 WAP (20 individual), 3 WAP (103.27 individual), and 4 WAP (154.15 individual) per 20 single swing. Tungro disease intensity in 11 varieties began were found in 3 WAP on average by 0.16% and increased at 4 WAP on average by 0.28%. Varieties significant effect on yield components such as plant height, panicle length, number of total grain/panicle, percentage of filled grain, 1000 grain weight and productivity except the number of panicles/clump. </span></em><span class="fontstyle2"><strong><span><br /> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></strong></span></p>

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Chromatin Architecture-Controlling ATPG7 has Positive Effect on Yield Components in Transgenic Soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jeong Kim ◽  
Hyun Suk Cho ◽  
Jun Hun Pak ◽  
Kook Jin Kim ◽  
Dong Hee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Transgenic Soybean ◽  
Chromatin Architecture ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Effect

scholarly journals Effects of rates of nitrogen on yield and yield components of winter triticale

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Lalevic ◽  
Milan Biberdzic
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Doses

Due to the high genetic potential for yield and favourable nutritional value, triticale is a promising plant species. For achieving high and stable yields, it is necessary to have favorable agroclimatic conditions of the locality, variety and advanced agricultural techniques, with special emphasis on fertilizing. This study examines the effect of increasing rates of nitrogen on yield and yield components of five cultivars of winter triticale: Odisej, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango. The three-year trial (2009-2012), which was set up in a randomized block system with three replications, included control and three different doses of nitrogen fertilization (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1). In all variants of fertilization, 80 kg ha-1 P2O5 and K2O were added beside nitrogen. The obtained results showed that the use of nitrogen had a positive effect on yield and yield components in all variants and in all cultivars. The variety Tango had the highest average grain yield, while the variety Kg-20 had the lowest. Also, Tango had the highest value of the 1000 grain mass and the number of grains per spike, while Triumph had the highest value of hectoliter weight. The application of fertilizers led to a very large and significant increase of yield compared with the control. Accordingly, all studied cultivars had the highest yield with the highest quantities of nitrogen (120 kg ha-1). Considering that triticale is intended mainly for feeding livestock, the results of these studies would be valuable in terms of its growing as a forage crop as well as in terms of its breeding for grain quality and productivity.

scholarly journals Construction of a high density genetic map for hexaploid kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) using genotyping by sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Popowski ◽  
Susan J Thomson ◽  
Mareika Knäbel ◽  
Jibran Tahir ◽  
Ross N Crowhurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
High Density ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
And Storage ◽  
High Density Linkage Map ◽  
Green Kiwifruit

Abstract Commercially grown kiwifruit (genus Actinidia) are generally of two sub-species which have a base haploid genome of 29 chromosomes. The yellow-fleshed A. chinensis var. chinensis, is either diploid (2n = 2x = 58) or tetraploid (2n = 4x = 116) and the green-fleshed cultivar A. chinensis var. deliciosa ‘Hayward’, is hexaploid (2n = 6x = 174). Advances in breeding green kiwifruit could be greatly sped up by the use of molecular resources for more efficient and faster selection, for example using marker-assisted selection (MAS). The key genetic marker that has been implemented for MAS in hexaploid kiwifruit is for gender testing. Limited marker-trait association has been reported for other polyploid kiwifruit for fruit and production traits. We have constructed a high density linkage map for hexaploid green kiwifruit using genotyping-by-sequence (GBS). The linkage map obtained consists of 3,686 and 3,940 markers organized in 183 and 176 linkage groups for the female and male parents, respectively. Both parental linkage maps are co-linear with the A. chinensis ‘Red5’ reference genome of kiwifruit. The linkage map was then used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, and successfully identified QTLs for king flower number, fruit number and weight, dry matter accumulation and storage firmness. These are the first QTLs to be reported and discovered for complex traits in hexaploid kiwifruit.

scholarly journals High-density linkage map construction and identification of loci regulating fruit quality traits in blueberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla F. Mengist ◽  
Hamed Bostan ◽  
Elisheba Young ◽  
Kristine L. Kay ◽  
Nicholas Gillitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Density ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
High Density Linkage Map

AbstractFruit quality traits play a significant role in consumer preferences and consumption in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L). The objectives of this study were to construct a high-density linkage map and to identify the underlying genetic basis of fruit quality traits in blueberry. A total of 287 F1 individuals derived from a cross between two southern highbush blueberry cultivars, ‘Reveille’ and ‘Arlen’, were phenotyped over three years (2016–2018) for fruit quality-related traits, including titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, and fruit weight. A high-density linkage map was constructed using 17k single nucleotide polymorphisms markers. The linkage map spanned a total of 1397 cM with an average inter-loci distance of 0.08 cM. The quantitative trait loci interval mapping based on the hidden Markov model identified 18 loci for fruit quality traits, including seven loci for fruit weight, three loci for titratable acidity, five loci for pH, and three loci for total soluble solids. Ten of these loci were detected in more than one year. These loci explained phenotypic variance ranging from 7 to 28% for titratable acidity and total soluble solid, and 8–13% for pH. However, the loci identified for fruit weight did not explain more than 10% of the phenotypic variance. We also reported the association between fruit quality traits and metabolites detected by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis directly responsible for these fruit quality traits. Organic acids, citric acid, and quinic acid were significantly (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with titratable acidity. Sugar molecules showed a strong and positive correlation with total soluble solids. Overall, the study dissected the genetic basis of fruit quality traits and established an association between these fruit quality traits and metabolites.

scholarly journals Epistasis for Three Grain Yield Components in Rice (Oryxa sativa L.)

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikang Li ◽  
Shannon R M Pinson ◽  
William D Park ◽  
Andrew H Paterson ◽  
James W Stansel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Grain Yield Components ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Grain Number Per Panicle

The genetic basis for three grain yield components of rice, 1000 kernel weight (KW), grain number per panicle (GN), and grain weight per panicle (GWP), was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism markers and F4 progeny testing from a cross between rice subspecies japonica (cultivar Lemont from USA) and indica (cv. Teqing from China). Following identification of 19 QTL affecting these traits, we investigated the role of epistasis in genetic control of these phenotypes. Among 63 markers distributed throughout the genome that appeared to be involved in 79 highly significant (P &lt; 0.001) interactions, most (46 or 73%) did not appear to have “main” effects on the relevant traits, but influenced the trait(s) predominantly through interactions. These results indicate that epistasis is an important genetic basis for complex traits such as yield components, especially traits of low heritability such as GN and GWP. The identification of epistatic loci is an important step toward resolution of discrepancies between quantitative trait loci mapping and classical genetic dogma, contributes to better understanding of the persistence of quantitative genetic variation in populations, and impels reconsideration of optimal mapping methodology and marker-assisted breeding strategies for improvement of complex traits.

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