The effects of anethum graveolens (dill) powder supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile, some antioxidants and inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of anethum graveolens (dill) powder supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile, some antioxidants and inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and methods: In this study, 42 type 2 diabetic patients were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups and received either 3 gr dill powder or placebo (3 capsules 1 gr) three per day. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA- IR), lipid profile, hs-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and gastrointestinal symptoms were measured in all subjects at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The dill powder supplementation significantly decreased the mean serum levels of insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL-C and MDA in the intervention group in compare with baseline (p < 0.05). Also, the mean serum levels of HDL and TAC was significantly increased in the intervention group in compare with baseline (p < 0.05). Colonic motility disorders was the only gastrointestinal symptom that its frequency was significantly reduced by supplementation (P = 0.01). The mean changes of insulin, LDL-c and MDA were significantly lower in intervention group in compare with control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean changes of HDL was significantly higher in intervention group in compare with control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is recommended that dill powder supplementation may be effective in control of the glycemic, lipid, stress oxidative and gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients.