scholarly journals Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Richard Haule ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bugando Medical ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background: HIV-syphilis co-infection is a combination that enhances rapid progression of early syphilis or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients, and older studies have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of syphilis, neurosyphilis and associated factors among HIV infected patients attending Bugando Medical Center.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA). We included all HIV-infected persons aged 18 years and above who consented. Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and offered lumbar puncture.Results: The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of these were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32-50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%).The majority of participants with syphilis (89.2%) reported not knowing that they had syphilis, and had not previously been treated. One hundred forty one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed, 4 of whom had abnormal findings that necessitated that they undergo lumbar puncture. One of these had confirmed neurosyphilis.Conclusion: The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+Tcell counts in untreated syphilis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of syphilis, neurosyphilis and associated factors in a cross-sectional analysis of HIV infected patients attending Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Haule ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background HIV-syphilis co-infection can enhance the rapid progression of early or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~ 8% of healthy outpatients and studies done in the 1990s have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis. Methodology This was a cross sectional study in which adult HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA). Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and were offered a lumbar puncture. Results The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of patients were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32–50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%). In the study population of 1748 participants, 9.6% were TPHA positive; the majority (89.2%) reported not knowing their syphilis status and not previously been treated. One hundred and forty-one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed. Four of these had abnormal findings that necessitated a lumbar puncture. Neurosyphilis was confirmed in one patient (0.7%). Conclusion The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+ T cell counts in untreated syphilis.

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Richard Haule ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background: HIV-syphilis co-infection can enhance the rapid progression of early or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients and studies done in the 1990s have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis.Methodology: This was a cross sectional study in which adult HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA). Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and were offered a lumbar puncture. Results: The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of patients were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32-50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%). In the study population of 1748 participants, 9.6% were TPHA positive; the majority (89.2%) reported not knowing their syphilis status and not previously been treated. One hundred and forty-one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed. Four of these had abnormal findings that necessitated a lumbar puncture. Neurosyphilis was confirmed in one patient (0.7%).Conclusion: The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+ T cell counts in untreated syphilis.

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Richard Haule ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Syphilis ◽  
Bugando Medical ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Bugando Medical Centre ◽  
Latent Syphilis

Abstract BACKGROUND HIV-syphilis co-infection is a combination that enhances rapid progression of early syphilis or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients, and older studies have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Richard Haule ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Syphilis ◽  
Bugando Medical ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Bugando Medical Centre ◽  
Latent Syphilis

Abstract BACKGROUND HIV-syphilis co-infection is a combination that enhances rapid progression of early syphilis or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients, and older studies have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis

scholarly journals Pterygium and associated factors among adults: a hospital-based prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Chhimi Wangmo ◽  
Nor Tshering Lepcha
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Introduction: The aim of this hospital-based study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of pterygium among adult patients visiting the Ophthalmology Outpatient Department (OPD) in the Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Thimphu. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the ophthalmology OPD in the national referral hospital, Thimphu from 1st January, 2018 to 31st December, 2018, during which 1599 adult patients were selected through systematic random sampling. Results: The prevalence of pterygium was 12.8% (95% CI: 11.2 -14.5). Among 271 eyes with pterygium, the distribution of grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 pterygium was 34.7%, 56.1% and 9.2% respectively. Pterygium wasmost common in the age group of 36-55 years. The significant factors associated with pterygium were age group, occupation and usage of sunglasses. Individuals who were 36-55 years (adjusted OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.82-4.0) and >55 years (adjusted OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.34-3.50) had significantly higher risk than 18-35 years (p< 0.002), and not using sunglasses (adjusted OR 1.97, 95% CI1.17-3.33, p = 0.007) significantly increased the risk of pterygium. Indoor occupation, particularly being a student was protective against pterygium (OR 0.08, 95% CI 10.02-0.33, p< 0.001). Only 14.1% used sunglasses and among them, 27.6% were aware that sunglasses can protect from ultraviolet radiation. Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of pterygium among adults aged 18 years and above. Those aged 36-55 years and an occupation involving outdoor activities were affected more. Encouraging usage of sunglasses may reduce pterygium

scholarly journals Knowledge of Surgical Informed Consent and Associated Factors among Patients Undergone Obstetric and Gynecologic Surgery at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2020. An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belete Fenta Kebede ◽  
Tsegaw Biazin Tesfaye ◽  
Aynalem Yetwale Hiwot
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Gynecologic Surgery ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction: The practice of informed consent before any surgical procedure should form the fundamental element that serves to protect both patient and surgeon from prosecution. Several factors can affect the process of surgical informed consent. Knowledge towards surgical informed consent is one important factor. It is worth mentioning that patients’ understanding of the information provided in the consent form is a prerequisite for obtaining valid informed consent, otherwise, it will be only symbolic. The study aimed to assess knowledge of surgical informed consent and associated factors among patients who undergone obstetric and gynecologic surgery at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Oromia Region, EthiopiaMethodology: Institutional based crossectional study was conducted among systematically selected women undergo obstetrics and gynecologic surgery in Jimmy medical center from April 1 to May 30, 2020. The collected data were coded, entered into Epi data version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate regression was carried out to determine the association between an outcome variable and an independent variable. Tables, pie -charts, and texts were used to report the result.Results: This study revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 29.5 ±3.5 years and the majority of them (83.3%) were married. The respondents had significantly poor overall knowledge of surgical informed consent 77.2 %( 95%CI: 72.8-81.2).Patient educational status (AOR: 1.22 (95%CI: 1.1-2.47), satisfaction level (AOR: 1.823(95%CI: 1.061-3.134).and patient- provider relation-ship (AOR: 0.472(95%CI: 0.271-0.822) were associated with knowledge of surgical informed consent.Conclusion: in this study, the overall level of knowledge regarding surgical informed consent was significantly poor than the other national and international figures. Patient Education, satisfaction, and patient-provider relation-ship were associated with knowledge of surgical informed consent. Health care providers should provide adequate information before surgery to improve patients’ knowledge regarding surgical informed consent and provide adequate input on ways to improve the consent process to make it better suited to fit the needs of all patients.

scholarly journals Intestinal parasite infections and associated factors among inmates of Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemechu Ameya ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Mihret Tesfaye ◽  
Chimdo Jabesa ◽  
Abayneh Awaje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the parasitic infections affecting people living in prison. Helminths and intestinal protozoan infections are the most common parasitic infection that may cause serious life-threatening diseases in inmates living in developing countries. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among inmates living in Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather the data of socio-demographic characteristics, hygiene status of the prisoners, sanitation condition of the prison, and associated factors for IPIs by face to face interview. Direct wet-mount examination and formol-ether sedimentation techniques were used to examine intestinal parasitic infection from stool specimens. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between different variables and the IPI. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to determine the presence association and strength of the associated factors. Result A total of 320 prisoners were participated in this study. Of these, 154(48.1%) of them were infected with one or more intestinal parasites. Eight different intestinal parasites species were identified and Giardia lamblia was the predominant parasite. Among infected inmates, nearly one out of four of them had multiple parasitic infections dominated by Giardia lamblia and E. histolytica/dispar co-infection. Sleeping in group [AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: (1.0–3.8)], married prisoners [AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: (1.1–2.9)], and hand washing habits after handling soil [AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: (1.0–5.6)] were independently associated with IPI. Conclusion High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was detected in Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Absence of hand washing, marital status, and way of sleeping were the factors associated with the IPI. Implementation of mass drug administration, education on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and periodic screening of intestinal parasitic infection is very important to reduce the high prevalence IPIs in prison.

scholarly journals Factors associated with uremic pruritus

10.3823/2448 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariele Gobo-Oliveira ◽  
Vitoria G Pigari ◽  
Matheus S.P. Ogata ◽  
Hélio A. Miot ◽  
Daniela Ponce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Flux ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uremic Pruritus ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: The etiopathogenesis of uremic pruritus (UP) is multifactorial aspect, and it is thus necessary to elucidate its associated factors to develop efficient therapeutics approaches. This study aimed to verify the prevalence of UP and its associated factors. Methods and Findings: Prospective and cross-sectional study with patients undergoing hemodialysis at a university public hospital. The data were obtained between April 2014 and April 2015. The statistical analysis was carried out using multivariate regression models, and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. A total of 164 patients were included, and pruritus was reported in 64 (39%). In the multivariate analysis, a higher creatinine level was risk factor for pruritus (β=1.09, 95% CI 1.00-1.19; p=0.048), as was a lower level of hemoglobin (β=0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.99; p=0.043). Dyslipidemia (β=1.52, 95% CI 0.12-2.91; p=0.03), obesity (β=2.40, 95% CI 1.03-3.78; p=0.001), higher levels of C-reactive protein (β=0.26, 95% CI 0.19-0.34; p<0.001) and black race (β=1.49, 95% CI -2.57 and 0.42; p<0.006) were associated with a greater intensity of pruritus. The use of a high-flux dialyzer was associated with a lower intensity of pruritus (β=-1.69, 95% CI -3.05-0.34; p=0.01). Conclusion: Uremic pruritus has a high prevalence in hemodialysis patients, and the data suggest that the higher the creatinine and the lower the hemoglobin levels are, the greater the risk of developing pruritus is. Dyslipidemia, obesity, and higher levels of C-reactive protein were associated with a greater intensity of pruritus, whereas the use of a high-flux dialyzer was associated with lower pruritus intensity.

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